{"work":{"id":"7f343a70-32a2-42dc-945a-66a6feb179fb","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3119543788","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2006.10726","arxiv_id":"2006.10726","raw_key":null,"title":"Tent: Fully Test-time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization","authors":null,"authors_text":"Dequan Wang, Evan Shelhamer, Shaoteng Liu, Bruno Olshausen, Trevor Darrell","year":2020,"venue":"cs.LG","abstract":"A model must adapt itself to generalize to new and different data during testing. In this setting of fully test-time adaptation the model has only the test data and its own parameters. We propose to adapt by test entropy minimization (tent): we optimize the model for confidence as measured by the entropy of its predictions. Our method estimates normalization statistics and optimizes channel-wise affine transformations to update online on each batch. Tent reduces generalization error for image classification on corrupted ImageNet and CIFAR-10/100 and reaches a new state-of-the-art error on ImageNet-C. Tent handles source-free domain adaptation on digit recognition from SVHN to MNIST/MNIST-M/USPS, on semantic segmentation from GTA to Cityscapes, and on the VisDA-C benchmark. These results are achieved in one epoch of test-time optimization without altering training.","external_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.10726","cited_by_count":285,"metadata_source":"pith","metadata_fetched_at":"2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817+00:00","pith_arxiv_id":"2006.10726","created_at":"2026-05-10T05:36:01.962455+00:00","updated_at":"2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817+00:00","title_quality_ok":true,"display_title":"Tent: Fully Test-time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization","render_title":"Tent: Fully Test-time Adaptation by Entropy Minimization"},"hub":{"state":{"work_id":"7f343a70-32a2-42dc-945a-66a6feb179fb","tier":"hub","tier_reason":"10+ Pith inbound or 1,000+ external citations","pith_inbound_count":52,"external_cited_by_count":285,"distinct_field_count":7,"first_pith_cited_at":"2025-05-02T04:19:07+00:00","last_pith_cited_at":"2026-06-29T21:40:10+00:00","author_build_status":"not_needed","summary_status":"needed","contexts_status":"needed","graph_status":"needed","ask_index_status":"not_needed","reader_status":"not_needed","recognition_status":"not_needed","updated_at":"2026-08-21T05:59:29.264201+00:00","tier_text":"hub"},"tier":"hub","role_counts":[{"context_role":"background","n":7}],"polarity_counts":[{"context_polarity":"background","n":7}],"runs":{},"summary":{},"graph":{},"authors":[]}}