ManiSoft is a new benchmark featuring a soft-body simulator, four deformable control tasks, and an automated pipeline generating 6300 scenes with expert trajectories for training and evaluating vision-language policies on continuum robots.
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RoboTwin 2.0: A Scalable Data Generator and Benchmark with Strong Domain Randomization for Robust Bimanual Robotic Manipulation
Baseline reference. 51% of citing Pith papers use this work as a benchmark or comparison.
89
Pith papers citing it
Baseline
51% of classified citations
abstract
Simulation-based data synthesis has emerged as a powerful paradigm for advancing real-world robotic manipulation. Yet existing datasets remain insufficient for robust bimanual manipulation due to (1) the lack of scalable task generation methods and (2) oversimplified simulation environments. We present RoboTwin 2.0, a scalable framework for automated, large-scale generation of diverse and realistic data, together with unified evaluation protocols for dual-arm manipulation. At its core is RoboTwin-OD, an object library of 731 instances across 147 categories with semantic and manipulation-relevant annotations. Building on this, we design an expert data synthesis pipeline that leverages multimodal language models (MLLMs) and simulation-in-the-loop refinement to automatically generate task-level execution code. To improve sim-to-real transfer, RoboTwin 2.0 applies structured domain randomization along five axes: clutter, lighting, background, tabletop height, and language, enhancing data diversity and policy robustness. The framework is instantiated across 50 dual-arm tasks and five robot embodiments. Empirically, it yields a 10.9% gain in code generation success rate. For downstream policy learning, a VLA model trained with synthetic data plus only 10 real demonstrations achieves a 367% relative improvement over the 10-demo baseline, while zero-shot models trained solely on synthetic data obtain a 228% gain. These results highlight the effectiveness of RoboTwin 2.0 in strengthening sim-to-real transfer and robustness to environmental variations. We release the data generator, benchmark, dataset, and code to support scalable research in robust bimanual manipulation. Project Page: https://robotwin-platform.github.io/, Code: https://github.com/robotwin-Platform/robotwin/.
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- abstract Simulation-based data synthesis has emerged as a powerful paradigm for advancing real-world robotic manipulation. Yet existing datasets remain insufficient for robust bimanual manipulation due to (1) the lack of scalable task generation methods and (2) oversimplified simulation environments. We present RoboTwin 2.0, a scalable framework for automated, large-scale generation of diverse and realistic data, together with unified evaluation protocols for dual-arm manipulation. At its core is RoboTwin-OD, an object library of 731 instances across 147 categories with semantic and manipulation-releva
co-cited works
representative citing papers
DSSP is a history-conditioned diffusion state space policy that uses SSMs to encode full observation streams with an auxiliary dynamics objective and hierarchical fusion, achieving SOTA results with reduced model size in robot manipulation.
CreFlow combines LTL compositional rewards with credit-aware NFT and corrective reflow losses in online RL to improve embodied video diffusion models, raising downstream task success by 23.8 percentage points on eight bimanual manipulation tasks.
RotVLA models latent actions as continuous SO(n) rotations with triplet-frame supervision and flow-matching to reach 98.2% success on LIBERO and 89.6%/88.5% on RoboTwin2.0 using a 1.7B-parameter model.
MoLA infers a mixture of latent actions from generated future videos via modality-aware inverse dynamics models to improve robot manipulation policies.
GridS is a plug-and-play differentiable module for geometry-aware visual token resampling in VLA models that achieves under 10% token retention and 76% FLOPs reduction with no success-rate loss.
RIO introduces a lightweight open-source framework that abstracts real-time robot I/O to support easy switching between embodiments and platforms for collecting data and deploying VLAs.
Capability vectors extracted from parameter differences between standard and auxiliary-finetuned VLA models can be merged into pretrained weights to match auxiliary-training performance while reducing computational overhead during adaptation.
VEGA improves spatial reasoning in VLA models for robotics by aligning visual encoder features with 3D-supervised DINOv2 representations via a temporary projector and cosine similarity loss.
NoiseGate learns per-latent timestep schedules as an information-gating policy in diffusion-based world action models, yielding consistent gains on RoboTwin manipulation tasks.
VUDA enables spatial sharing between CUDA and Vulkan on GPUs via channel redirection and page-table grafting, achieving up to 85% higher throughput than temporal baselines in embodied AI tasks.
Being-H0.7 adds future-aware latent reasoning to direct VLA policies via dual-branch alignment on latent queries, matching world-model benefits at VLA efficiency.
HiPolicy is a new hierarchical multi-frequency action chunking method for imitation learning that jointly generates coarse and fine action sequences with entropy-guided execution to improve performance and efficiency in robotic manipulation.
BiCoord is a new benchmark for long-horizon tightly coordinated bimanual manipulation that includes quantitative metrics and shows existing policies like DP, RDT, Pi0 and OpenVLA-OFT struggle on such tasks.
JailWAM is the first dedicated jailbreak framework for World Action Models, achieving 84.2% attack success rate on LingBot-VA in RoboTwin simulation and enabling safety evaluation of robotic AI.
DOMINO dataset and PUMA architecture enable better dynamic robotic manipulation by incorporating motion history, delivering 6.3% higher success rates than prior VLA models.
ST-BiBench reveals a coordination paradox in which MLLMs show strong high-level strategic reasoning yet fail at fine-grained 16-dimensional bimanual action synthesis and multi-stream fusion.
RL-VLA³ is an asynchronous RL framework for VLA training that delivers up to 85.2% higher throughput than synchronous baselines while preserving identical sample efficiency and scaling to 256 GPUs.
Variational Regularization imposes an adaptive information bottleneck on noisy intermediate features in DP3-UNet and DP3-DiT policies, consistently raising task success rates on RoboTwin2.0, Adroit, and MetaWorld while achieving new state-of-the-art results.
TouchGuide improves contact-rich robot manipulation by steering diffusion or flow-matching visuomotor policies with tactile feasibility scores from a contrastively trained Contact Physical Model.
DexHoldem is a new benchmark providing 1,470 teleoperated demonstrations across 14 manipulation primitives, plus standardized tests for dexterous policy execution and agentic perception in a physical Texas Hold'em setting.
STABLE generates simulation-ready tabletop scenes by alternating a semantic LLM reasoner for task-aligned coarse layouts with a physics corrector for physical plausibility using progressive scene expansion.
UAM adds a Dorsal Expert initialized from a generative model and trained on visual dynamics prediction to preserve over 95% of VLM multimodal ability in VLA training while achieving top success rates on manipulation tasks including OOD cases.
SCAR proposes a joint inverse-forward dynamics framework to learn transferable continuous action representations across embodiments from visual data using regularization and adversarial invariance.
citing papers explorer
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ManiSoft: Towards Vision-Language Manipulation for Soft Continuum Robotics
ManiSoft is a new benchmark featuring a soft-body simulator, four deformable control tasks, and an automated pipeline generating 6300 scenes with expert trajectories for training and evaluating vision-language policies on continuum robots.
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DSSP: Diffusion State Space Policy with Full-History Encoding
DSSP is a history-conditioned diffusion state space policy that uses SSMs to encode full observation streams with an auxiliary dynamics objective and hierarchical fusion, achieving SOTA results with reduced model size in robot manipulation.
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CreFlow: Corrective Reflow for Sparse-Reward Embodied Video Diffusion RL
CreFlow combines LTL compositional rewards with credit-aware NFT and corrective reflow losses in online RL to improve embodied video diffusion models, raising downstream task success by 23.8 percentage points on eight bimanual manipulation tasks.
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RotVLA: Rotational Latent Action for Vision-Language-Action Model
RotVLA models latent actions as continuous SO(n) rotations with triplet-frame supervision and flow-matching to reach 98.2% success on LIBERO and 89.6%/88.5% on RoboTwin2.0 using a 1.7B-parameter model.
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From Imagined Futures to Executable Actions: Mixture of Latent Actions for Robot Manipulation
MoLA infers a mixture of latent actions from generated future videos via modality-aware inverse dynamics models to improve robot manipulation policies.
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See What Matters: Differentiable Grid Sample Pruning for Generalizable Vision-Language-Action Model
GridS is a plug-and-play differentiable module for geometry-aware visual token resampling in VLA models that achieves under 10% token retention and 76% FLOPs reduction with no success-rate loss.
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RIO: Flexible Real-Time Robot I/O for Cross-Embodiment Robot Learning
RIO introduces a lightweight open-source framework that abstracts real-time robot I/O to support easy switching between embodiments and platforms for collecting data and deploying VLAs.
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CapVector: Learning Transferable Capability Vectors in Parametric Space for Vision-Language-Action Models
Capability vectors extracted from parameter differences between standard and auxiliary-finetuned VLA models can be merged into pretrained weights to match auxiliary-training performance while reducing computational overhead during adaptation.
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VEGA: Visual Encoder Grounding Alignment for Spatially-Aware Vision-Language-Action Models
VEGA improves spatial reasoning in VLA models for robotics by aligning visual encoder features with 3D-supervised DINOv2 representations via a temporary projector and cosine similarity loss.
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NoiseGate: Learning Per-Latent Timestep Schedules as Information Gating in World Action Models
NoiseGate learns per-latent timestep schedules as an information-gating policy in diffusion-based world action models, yielding consistent gains on RoboTwin manipulation tasks.
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VUDA: Breaking CUDA-Vulkan Isolation for Spatial Sharing of Compute and Graphics on the Same GPU
VUDA enables spatial sharing between CUDA and Vulkan on GPUs via channel redirection and page-table grafting, achieving up to 85% higher throughput than temporal baselines in embodied AI tasks.
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Being-H0.7: A Latent World-Action Model from Egocentric Videos
Being-H0.7 adds future-aware latent reasoning to direct VLA policies via dual-branch alignment on latent queries, matching world-model benefits at VLA efficiency.
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HiPolicy: Hierarchical Multi-Frequency Action Chunking for Policy Learning
HiPolicy is a new hierarchical multi-frequency action chunking method for imitation learning that jointly generates coarse and fine action sequences with entropy-guided execution to improve performance and efficiency in robotic manipulation.
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BiCoord: A Bimanual Manipulation Benchmark towards Long-Horizon Spatial-Temporal Coordination
BiCoord is a new benchmark for long-horizon tightly coordinated bimanual manipulation that includes quantitative metrics and shows existing policies like DP, RDT, Pi0 and OpenVLA-OFT struggle on such tasks.
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JailWAM: Jailbreaking World Action Models in Robot Control
JailWAM is the first dedicated jailbreak framework for World Action Models, achieving 84.2% attack success rate on LingBot-VA in RoboTwin simulation and enabling safety evaluation of robotic AI.
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Towards Generalizable Robotic Manipulation in Dynamic Environments
DOMINO dataset and PUMA architecture enable better dynamic robotic manipulation by incorporating motion history, delivering 6.3% higher success rates than prior VLA models.
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ST-BiBench: Benchmarking Multi-Stream Multimodal Coordination in Bimanual Embodied Tasks for MLLMs
ST-BiBench reveals a coordination paradox in which MLLMs show strong high-level strategic reasoning yet fail at fine-grained 16-dimensional bimanual action synthesis and multi-stream fusion.
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RL-VLA$^3$: A Flexible and Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning Framework for VLA Training
RL-VLA³ is an asynchronous RL framework for VLA training that delivers up to 85.2% higher throughput than synchronous baselines while preserving identical sample efficiency and scaling to 256 GPUs.
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Information Filtering via Variational Regularization for Robot Manipulation
Variational Regularization imposes an adaptive information bottleneck on noisy intermediate features in DP3-UNet and DP3-DiT policies, consistently raising task success rates on RoboTwin2.0, Adroit, and MetaWorld while achieving new state-of-the-art results.
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TouchGuide: Inference-Time Steering of Visuomotor Policies via Touch Guidance
TouchGuide improves contact-rich robot manipulation by steering diffusion or flow-matching visuomotor policies with tactile feasibility scores from a contrastively trained Contact Physical Model.
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DexHoldem: Playing Texas Hold'em with Dexterous Embodied System
DexHoldem is a new benchmark providing 1,470 teleoperated demonstrations across 14 manipulation primitives, plus standardized tests for dexterous policy execution and agentic perception in a physical Texas Hold'em setting.
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STABLE: Simulation-Ready Tabletop Layout Generation via a Semantics-Physics Dual System
STABLE generates simulation-ready tabletop scenes by alternating a semantic LLM reasoner for task-aligned coarse layouts with a physics corrector for physical plausibility using progressive scene expansion.
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UAM: A Dual-Stream Perspective on Forgetting in VLA Training
UAM adds a Dorsal Expert initialized from a generative model and trained on visual dynamics prediction to preserve over 95% of VLM multimodal ability in VLA training while achieving top success rates on manipulation tasks including OOD cases.
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SCAR: Self-Supervised Continuous Action Representation Learning
SCAR proposes a joint inverse-forward dynamics framework to learn transferable continuous action representations across embodiments from visual data using regularization and adversarial invariance.
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GuidedVLA: Specifying Task-Relevant Factors via Plug-and-Play Action Attention Specialization
GuidedVLA improves VLA success rates by manually supervising separate attention heads in the action decoder with auxiliary signals for task-relevant factors.
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From Reaction to Anticipation: Proactive Failure Recovery through Agentic Task Graph for Robotic Manipulation
AgentChord models manipulation tasks as directed graphs enriched with anticipatory recovery branches, using specialized agents to enable immediate, low-latency failure responses and improve success on long-horizon bimanual tasks.
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PriorVLA: Prior-Preserving Adaptation for Vision-Language-Action Models
PriorVLA preserves pretrained priors in VLA models through a frozen Prior Expert and trained Adaptation Expert, delivering better robot manipulation performance than full fine-tuning with only 25% of the parameter updates.
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HeteroGenManip: Generalizable Manipulation For Heterogeneous Object Interactions
A task-conditioned two-stage system decouples grasp localization from interaction trajectory planning using specialized foundation models to improve generalization across heterogeneous object types.
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Toward Visually Realistic Simulation: A Benchmark for Evaluating Robot Manipulation in Simulation
VISER is a new visually realistic simulation benchmark for robot manipulation tasks that uses PBR materials and MLLM-assisted asset generation, achieving 0.92 Pearson correlation with real-world policy performance.
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When to Trust Imagination: Adaptive Action Execution for World Action Models
A verifier called Future Forward Dynamics Causal Attention enables adaptive action execution in World Action Models, reducing model inferences by 69% and improving success rates in robotic tasks.
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PhysForge: Generating Physics-Grounded 3D Assets for Interactive Virtual World
PhysForge generates physics-grounded 3D assets via a VLM-planned Hierarchical Physical Blueprint and a KineVoxel Injection diffusion model, backed by the new PhysDB dataset of 150,000 annotated assets.
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ConsisVLA-4D: Advancing Spatiotemporal Consistency in Efficient 3D-Perception and 4D-Reasoning for Robotic Manipulation
ConsisVLA-4D adds cross-view semantic alignment, cross-object geometric fusion, and cross-scene dynamic reasoning to VLA models, delivering 21.6% and 41.5% gains plus 2.3x and 2.4x speedups on LIBERO and real-world tasks.
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From Pixels to Tokens: A Systematic Study of Latent Action Supervision for Vision-Language-Action Models
A unified comparison of latent action supervision strategies for VLA models reveals task-specific benefits, with image-based approaches aiding reasoning and generalization, action-based aiding motor control, and discrete tokens proving most effective.
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Seeing Realism from Simulation: Efficient Video Transfer for Vision-Language-Action Data Augmentation
A video transfer pipeline augments simulated VLA data into realistic videos while preserving actions, yielding consistent performance gains on robot benchmarks such as 8% on Robotwin 2.0.
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Hydra-DP3: Frequency-Aware Right-Sizing of 3D Diffusion Policies for Visuomotor Control
Hydra-DP3 achieves SOTA visuomotor performance with under 1% of prior 3D diffusion policy parameters by using frequency analysis to justify a lightweight decoder and two-step DDIM inference.
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MotuBrain: An Advanced World Action Model for Robot Control
MotuBrain jointly models video and action via a three-stream Mixture-of-Transformers UniDiffuser to reach 95.8-96.1% success on RoboTwin 2.0 benchmarks, top EWMScore, and fast 11 Hz inference while adapting to new robots with 50-100 trajectories.
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Reconstruction by Generation: 3D Multi-Object Scene Reconstruction from Sparse Observations
RecGen achieves state-of-the-art 3D multi-object scene reconstruction from sparse RGB-D views by combining compositional synthetic scene generation with strong 3D shape priors, outperforming SAM3D by 30%+ in shape quality and pose accuracy while using 80% fewer meshes.
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Unified 4D World Action Modeling from Video Priors with Asynchronous Denoising
X-WAM unifies robotic action execution and 4D world synthesis by adapting video diffusion priors with a lightweight depth branch and asynchronous noise sampling, achieving 79-91% success on robot benchmarks.
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LeHome: A Simulation Environment for Deformable Object Manipulation in Household Scenarios
LeHome is a simulation platform offering high-fidelity dynamics for robotic manipulation of varied deformable objects in household settings, with support for multiple robot embodiments including low-cost hardware.
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From Seeing to Simulating: Generative High-Fidelity Simulation with Digital Cousins for Generalizable Robot Learning and Evaluation
Digital Cousins is a generative real-to-sim method that creates diverse high-fidelity simulation scenes from real panoramas to improve generalization in robot learning and evaluation.
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Grounded World Model for Semantically Generalizable Planning
A vision-language-aligned world model turns visuomotor MPC into a language-following planner that reaches 87% success on 288 unseen semantic tasks where standard VLAs drop to 22%.
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AIM: Intent-Aware Unified world action Modeling with Spatial Value Maps
AIM predicts aligned spatial value maps inside a shared video-generation transformer to produce reliable robot actions, reaching 94% success on RoboTwin 2.0 with larger gains on long-horizon and contact-rich tasks.
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DexWorldModel: Causal Latent World Modeling towards Automated Learning of Embodied Tasks
CLWM with DINOv3 targets, O(1) TTT memory, SAI latency masking, and EmbodiChain training achieves SOTA dual-arm simulation performance and zero-shot sim-to-real transfer that beats real-data finetuned baselines.
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AnySlot: Goal-Conditioned Vision-Language-Action Policies for Zero-Shot Slot-Level Placement
AnySlot decouples language grounding from low-level control by inserting an explicit visual goal image, yielding better zero-shot performance on precise slot placement tasks than flat VLA policies.
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V-CAGE: Vision-Closed-Loop Agentic Generation Engine for Robotic Manipulation
V-CAGE automates the creation of scalable, high-quality robotic manipulation datasets through context-aware scene construction, closed-loop visual verification, and perceptually-driven compression.
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AssemLM: Spatial Reasoning Multimodal Large Language Models for Robotic Assembly
AssemLM uses a specialized point cloud encoder inside a multimodal LLM to reach state-of-the-art 6D pose prediction for assembly tasks, backed by a new 900K-sample benchmark called AssemBench.
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SIM1: Physics-Aligned Simulator as Zero-Shot Data Scaler in Deformable Worlds
SIM1 converts sparse real demonstrations into high-fidelity synthetic data through physics-aligned simulation, yielding policies that match real-data performance at a 1:15 ratio with 90% zero-shot success on deformable manipulation.
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Fast-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Test-time Future Imagination?
Fast-WAM shows that explicit future imagination at test time is not required for strong WAM performance; video modeling during training provides the main benefit.
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ExpertGen: Scalable Sim-to-Real Expert Policy Learning from Imperfect Behavior Priors
ExpertGen generates high-success expert policies in simulation from imperfect priors by freezing a diffusion behavior model and optimizing its initial noise via RL, then distills them for real-robot deployment.
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SeedPolicy: Horizon Scaling via Self-Evolving Diffusion Policy for Robot Manipulation
SeedPolicy introduces self-evolving gated attention to extend the temporal horizon of diffusion policies, yielding 36.8% and 169% relative gains over standard DP on clean and randomized RoboTwin 2.0 tasks.