VQE applied to deuteron, triton, and helium-3 in lattice pionless EFT yields energies matching classical exact diagonalization after fitting two- and three-body constants, with a noisy simulation example for triton.
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Quantum Algorithms for Simulating Nuclear Effective Field Theories
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abstract
Quantum computers offer the potential to simulate nuclear processes that are classically intractable. With the goal of understanding the necessary quantum resources to realize this potential, we employ state-of-the-art Hamiltonian-simulation methods, and conduct a thorough algorithmic analysis, to estimate the qubit and gate costs to simulate low-energy effective field theories (EFTs) of nuclear physics. Within the framework of nuclear lattice EFT, we obtain simulation costs for the leading-order pionless and pionful EFTs. For the latter, we consider both static pions represented by a one-pion-exchange potential between the nucleons, and dynamical pions represented by relativistic bosonic fields coupled to non-relativistic nucleons. Within these models, we examine the resource costs for the tasks of time evolution and energy estimation for physically relevant scales. We account for model errors associated with truncating either long-range interactions in the one-pion-exchange EFT or the pionic Hilbert space in the dynamical-pion EFT, and for algorithmic errors associated with product-formula approximations and quantum phase estimation. We find that the pionless EFT is the least costly to simulate, followed by the one-pion-exchange theory, then the dynamical-pion theory. We demonstrate how symmetries of the low-energy nuclear Hamiltonians can be utilized to obtain tighter error bounds. By retaining the locality of nucleonic interactions when mapped to qubits, we achieve reduced circuit depth and substantial parallelization. In the process, we develop new methods to bound the algorithmic error for classes of fermionic number-preserving Hamiltonians, and obtain tighter Trotter error bounds by explicitly computing nested commutators of Hamiltonian terms. Compared to previous estimates for the pionless EFT, our results represent an improvement by several orders of magnitude.
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A hybrid quantum-classical method computes accurate Green's functions for the pairing model across the normal-to-superfluid transition by combining variational ground-state preparation with quantum subspace expansion for neighboring particle numbers.
The paper derives explicit finite-d break-even synthesis costs for qudit vs. qubit encodings of diagonal quadratic operators in product-formula and LCU simulations, identifying low-d regions where qudits yield savings.
New analytic and Monte Carlo-assisted method tightens energy-based boson truncation bounds, reducing volume dependence in (1+1)D scalar and (2+1)D U(1) gauge theories.
A VQE quantum-computing method for nuclear lattice models shows ground-state energies for 2H, 3H, and 4He approaching experimental values with increasing lattice size.
A synthesis of expert insights from the ADAC Quantum Computing Working Group and member survey on the complementary roles of quantum and classical high-performance computing in future hybrid infrastructures.
citing papers explorer
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Systematic VQE Benchmarking of the Deuteron, Triton, and Helium-3 within Lattice Pionless Effective Field Theory
VQE applied to deuteron, triton, and helium-3 in lattice pionless EFT yields energies matching classical exact diagonalization after fitting two- and three-body constants, with a noisy simulation example for triton.
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Quantum simulations of Green's functions for small superfluid systems
A hybrid quantum-classical method computes accurate Green's functions for the pairing model across the normal-to-superfluid transition by combining variational ground-state preparation with quantum subspace expansion for neighboring particle numbers.
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Fault-Tolerant Resource Comparison of Qudit and Qubit Encodings for Diagonal Quadratic Operators
The paper derives explicit finite-d break-even synthesis costs for qudit vs. qubit encodings of diagonal quadratic operators in product-formula and LCU simulations, identifying low-d regions where qudits yield savings.
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Tightening energy-based boson truncation bound using Monte Carlo-assisted methods
New analytic and Monte Carlo-assisted method tightens energy-based boson truncation bounds, reducing volume dependence in (1+1)D scalar and (2+1)D U(1) gauge theories.
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Quantum computing for effective nuclear lattice model
A VQE quantum-computing method for nuclear lattice models shows ground-state energies for 2H, 3H, and 4He approaching experimental values with increasing lattice size.
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The Role of Quantum Computing in Advancing Scientific High-Performance Computing: A perspective from the ADAC Institute
A synthesis of expert insights from the ADAC Quantum Computing Working Group and member survey on the complementary roles of quantum and classical high-performance computing in future hybrid infrastructures.