{"total":57,"items":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.19320","ref_index":234,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"GRMHD and GRRT Simulations of Black Hole Accretion: Flares, Precession, and Complex Spacetimes","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-06-17T17:47:45+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":4.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Simulations of accreting black holes in standard and complex spacetimes indicate that magnetic geometry, quantum corrections, and binary dynamics influence flares, precession, photon rings, and multi-wavelength variability, with potential EHT constraints.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.03671","ref_index":17,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Quantum Matter Makes Lightcones Quantum","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-06-02T13:55:33+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Quantum matter sources an operator-valued Shapiro delay that promotes causal boundaries to noncommuting observables and allows superpositions of causal relations between spacetime points.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.22801","ref_index":30,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Another Look at the Weak-Field Limit of Generalized Hybrid Metric-Palatini Gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-21T17:53:53+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Generalized hybrid metric-Palatini gravity propagates a massless spin-2 mode and two massive scalars in the weak field; stability requires algebraic conditions on f derivatives at flat space, and planetary data constrain the scalar masses in a hierarchical regime.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.21584","ref_index":2,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Wave-optics gravitational wave lensing in modified gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-20T18:00:01+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":8.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"In a curvature-coupled propagation framework for modified gravity, gravitational-wave lensing in wave optics shows persistent infrared interactions that prevent the amplification factor from approaching unity at zero frequency, requiring an interacting Green function and partial-wave treatment.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"the other fundamental interactions, and its embedding within a consistent quantum and cosmological framework is still incomplete. Problems such as the cosmological constant puzzle, the ultraviolet completion of gravity, and the nature of dark sectors continue to motivate the exploration of controlled deviations from GR and of new observational probes capable of testing them [2]. Any new methods aiming at testing properties of gravity are then welcome for improving our understanding of gravitational theories and their experimental consequences. Gravitational waves (GW) provide an especially pow- erful arena for this program. Their direct detection has opened a new observational window on strong-field gravity, compact objects, and cosmology [3]."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.19731","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Neutron stars more compact than black holes in quasi-topological gravity: Equilibrium configurations and radial stability","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-19T12:05:32+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"In quasi-topological gravity, neutron stars can surpass black-hole compactness with universal high-density behavior and theory corrections that stabilize radially unstable configurations from general relativity.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.17516","ref_index":29,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Dynamic Aspects of Bumblebee Gravity: Post-Newtonian Approach","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-17T16:00:11+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Bumblebee gravity is self-consistent in PPN up to 1.5PN order only for λ = −ξ/2, producing non-zero α1, α2, a logarithmic U_B potential, and a pulsar-timing bound |ℓ| ≲ 1.6×10^{-9}.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.16506","ref_index":24,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star Collapse in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theories","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-15T18:01:51+00:00","verdict":"CONDITIONAL","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Numerical simulations of collapsing scalarized neutron stars show scalar radiation energy of order 10^{-3} solar masses, orders of magnitude above the tensor quadrupolar emission, potentially observable to test modified gravity.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.16425","ref_index":5,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Polarization Birefringence and Waveform Systematics in GW231123","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2026-05-14T15:23:15+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":4.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Analysis of GW231123 with IMRPhenomXPHM, IMRPhenomXO4a and NRSur7dq4 yields no waveform-independent evidence for polarization birefringence, with 90% upper limits on the derived coefficient of 0.378, 0.097 and 0.273 respectively.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.10338","ref_index":5,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Fifth-Force Constraints from UV-Complete Scalar-Tensor Gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T10:41:43+00:00","verdict":null,"verdict_confidence":null,"novelty_score":null,"formal_verification":null,"one_line_summary":null,"context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"pothetical fifth forces [1-3] and are the target of a broad experimental program spanning laboratory, geophysical, and astrophysical tests (see, e.g., Ref. [4] for a review). In this context, a generic modification of the Newtonian potential takes the form V(r) =− GNm1m2 r h 1 +α Y e−r/λY i (1) and is constrained with high precision by torsion-balance experiments [5, 6], geophysical surveys [7], lunar laser ranging [8], and planetary ephemerides [9]. Fifth forces arise naturally in theories with light scalar fields- including moduli and dilatons [10, 11]-and thus con- stitute a sensitive probe of physics beyond the standard model. A question that has received comparatively little at- tention is whetherquantum gravity itselfrestricts the al-"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.07778","ref_index":92,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Scalar memory from compact binary coalescences","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-08T14:17:06+00:00","verdict":"CONDITIONAL","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"In Ricci-coupled scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, the change in scalar charge during binary black hole mergers generates a scalar memory contribution that modifies the total memory signal on observable timescales.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"support","context_text":"6, (2022) 064001,arXiv:2201.02543 [gr-qc]. [Erratum: Phys.Rev.D 106, 069901 (2022), Erratum: Phys.Rev.D 106, 069901 (2022)]. [91] B. Wang, C. Shi, J.-d. Zhang, Y.-M. hu, and J. Mei, \"Constraining the Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet theory with higher harmonics and the merger-ringdown contribution using GWTC-3,\"Phys. Rev. D108no. 4, (2023) 044061,arXiv:2302.10112 [gr-qc]. [92] P. Y. Yordanov, K. V. Staykov, S. S. Yazadjiev, and D. D. Doneva, \"The power of binary pulsars in testing Gauss-Bonnet gravity,\"Astron. Astrophys.687(2024) A17,arXiv:2402.06305 [gr-qc]. [93] M. Corman, L. Arest' e Sal' o, and K. Clough, \"Black hole binaries in shift-symmetric Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity experience a slower merger phase,\" (11, 2025) ,arXiv:2511."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.05362","ref_index":39,"ref_count":2,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-06T18:40:43+00:00","verdict":null,"verdict_confidence":null,"novelty_score":null,"formal_verification":null,"one_line_summary":null,"context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Although GR has achieved remarkable success in explaining current observations, it remains theoretically incomplete, owing to critical issues such as its incompatibility with quantum theory and the unresolved ∗ Corresponding authors: zjcao@amt.ac.cn, panqiyuan@hunnu.edu.cn, jljing@hunnu.edu.cn. arXiv:2605.05362v2 [gr-qc] 8 May 2026 2 nature of the dark sector of the Universe [39]. These issues motivate the exploration of modified theories of gravity [40]. Among various possibilities, Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) provides a well-motivated framework for probing possible low-energy remnants of quantum gravity. Although Lorentz symmetry is a cornerstone of both the Standard Model and GR, several approaches to quantum gravity suggest that"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.04154","ref_index":15,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"A Master Equation for Screening in Luminal Horndeski Gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-05T18:00:07+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"A master screening equation is derived for luminal Horndeski gravity that recovers Vainshtein and Chameleon mechanisms and introduces Phaedrus screening with screening radius scaling linearly with source mass.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Bartlett, and P. G. Ferreira, \"Scant evidence for thawing quintessence,\"Phys. Rev. D110(2024) no. 8, 083528,arXiv:2408.17318 [astro-ph.CO]. [13] G. Guet al., \"Dynamical Dark Energy in light of the DESI DR2 Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations Measurements,\" arXiv:2504.06118 [astro-ph.CO]. [14] C. M. Will,Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics. mar, 1993. [15] B. Bertotti, L. Iess, and P. Tortora, \"A test of general relativity using radio links with the Cassini spacecraft,\" Nature425(2003) 374-376. [16] C. M. Will, \"The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment,\"Living Rev. Rel.17(2014) 4, arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [17] C. Burrage and J. Dombrowski, \"Constraining the cosmological evolution of scalar-tensor theories with local"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.03025","ref_index":3,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Can wormholes have vanishing Love numbers?","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-04T18:00:34+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"For a specific R=0 wormhole, the magnetic Love number for ℓ=2 vanishes to linear order in the regularization parameter under static axial gravitational perturbations.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Abbott et al., \"Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger,\"Phys. Rev. Lett.116no. 6, (2016) 061102,arXiv:1602.03837 [gr-qc]. [2]LIGO Scientific, Virgo, KAGRACollaboration, A. G. Abacet al., \"GW250114: Testing Hawking's Area Law and the Kerr Nature of Black Holes,\"Phys. Rev. Lett.135no. 11, (2025) 111403,arXiv:2509.08054 [gr-qc]. [3] E. Bertiet al., \"Black hole spectroscopy: from theory to experiment,\"arXiv:2505.23895 [gr-qc]. [4] E. Berti, \"Tests of general relativity with future detectors,\"Gen. Rel. Grav.56no. 12, (2024) 145. [5] C. M. Will, \"The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment,\"Living Rev. Rel.17(2014) 4,arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [6] E. Bertiet al., \"Testing General Relativity with Present"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.01436","ref_index":5,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Constraints on Einstein-aether gravity from the precision timing of PSR J1738+0333","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-02T13:19:53+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":4.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Precision timing of PSR J1738+0333 from EPTA and NANOGrav data yields the tightest strong-field constraints on Einstein-aether parameters from any single binary pulsar.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"enabled the first precision tests of the radiative sector of General Relativity (GR), probing a regime far more relativistic than solar system or laboratory experiments could access [3]. Today, over one hundred such compact binary systems are known [4]. With the advent of preci- sion tests of gravity, the fundamental pillars of GR have been subjected to increasingly stringent scrutiny [5, 6]. Among these pillars is local Lorentz invariance - equiv- alently, the absence of preferred reference frames - for gravitational phenomena. Despite this progress, while vi- olations of Lorentz invariance are extremely tightly con- strained in the matter sector [7, 8], the Lorentz symmetry of the gravitational interaction is subject to compara-"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.01426","ref_index":2,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"A note on methods for computing the critical curve of Kerr-like black holes","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-02T12:54:12+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Bardeen's definition of black hole critical curves deviates from de Vries and Grenzebach definitions in homogeneous plasma by contracting with increasing density, contrary to prior expectations.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"case most starkly exposes the contradiction between Bardeen's definition and the other two approaches, both at finite and astrophysical observer distances. 30 References [1]Event Horizon T elescopeCollaboration, K. Akiyamaet al., \"First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole,\" Astrophys. J. Lett.875(2019) L1,arXiv:1906.11238 [astro-ph.GA]. [2]Event Horizon T elescopeCollaboration, K. Akiyamaet al., \"First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. The Shadow and Mass of the Central Black Hole,\" Astrophys. J. Lett.875no. 1, (2019) L6,arXiv:1906.11243 [astro-ph.GA]. [3]Event Horizon T elescopeCollaboration, K. Akiyamaet al., \"First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole,\""},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.00580","ref_index":17,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Scalar emission from binary neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories with kinetic screening","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-05-01T11:29:25+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Kinetic screening non-monotonically suppresses or enhances scalar quadrupolar emission from equal-mass neutron star binaries depending on screening radius versus wavelength, with a dipole re-emerging linearly with mass asymmetry.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"can account for the observed late-time accelerated expan- sion of the Universe without invoking a cosmological con- stant [12-14], while still satisfying stringent Solar-System bounds [15]. A particularly rich such class is that ofK-essence theo- ries, originally introduced in the inflationary context [16] and later exploited for dark-energy scenarios [17, 18]. Their defining feature is a non-canonical kinetic term ∗ rcayuso@sissa.it † adrien.kuntz@tecnico.ulisboa.pt ‡ tassumpo@uwm.edu § miguel.bezaresfigueroa@nottingham.ac.uk ¶ barausse@sissa.it for the scalar fieldφthrough a generic (nonlinear) func- tionK(φ, X) (withX=g µν∂µφ∂νφ), thereby intro- ducing first-derivative scalar self-interactions. A salient"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.25373","ref_index":8,"ref_count":2,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Generalizing the CPL Parametrization through Dark Sector Interaction","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2026-04-28T08:38:43+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Generalized interacting dark energy models with constant or dynamical couplings yield analytical density expressions but are not preferred over LambdaCDM by Bayesian evidence from DESI, Pantheon+, and CMB data.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"(Supernova Cosmology Project), Measurements of Ω and Λ from 42 High Redshift Super- novae, Astrophys. J.517, 565-586 (1999), arXiv:astro- ph/9812133. [7] D. J. 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D63, 042001 (2001), arXiv:astro-ph/0005004."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.25254","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"The properties and predictions of quasi-periodic oscillations around a black hole in nonlocal gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-28T06:00:48+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Nonlocal gravity shrinks the ISCO radius, boosts QPO frequencies, and constrains α/M ≤ 0.452 with M ≲ 43.6 M_⊙ for observed high-frequency QPOs under resonance models.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"sphere decreases with α, the associated gravitational time delay increases, remaining below ∼ 1.3ms and thus negligible for current observational capabilities. PACS numbers: I. INTRODUCTION General Relativity (GR) provides a remarkably suc- cessful framework for describing the fundamental struc- ture of spacetime and has withstood a wide range of ex- perimental and observational tests. These tests include solar system dynamics [1, 2], gravitational wave detection [3-7], and imaging of M87* and Sgr A* [8-11]. These observations also provide compelling evidence for the ex- istence of black holes. Despite its empirical success, GR faces several fun- damental challenges. The singularity theorems predict that gravitational collapse generically leads to space- time singularities, characterized by geodesic incomplete-"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.24526","ref_index":5,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Tests of scalar polarizations with multi-messenger events","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-27T14:27:07+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":4.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Bayesian analysis of GW170817 with PPE framework and EM polarization constraints shows mild preference for scalar mode in quadrupole harmonics and improves bounds on non-GR parameters by up to 60%.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"of this work are publicly available on Zenodo [111]. [1] C. M. Will, Living Rev. Rel.17, 4 (2014), arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [2] J. F. Donoghue, Phys. Rev. D50, 3874 (1994), arXiv:gr- qc/9405057. [3] N. Yunes and X. Siemens, Living Reviews in Relativity16 (2013), 10.12942/lrr-2013-9. [4] N. Yunes, K. Yagi, and F. Pretorius, Physical Review D 94(2016), 10.1103/physrevd.94.084002. [5] J. M. Ezquiaga and M. Zumalac' arregui, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences5(2018), 10.3389/fs- pas.2018.00044. [6] J. Aasi, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott,et al., Classical and Quantum Gravity32, 074001 (2015). [7] F. Acernese, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma,et al., Classical and Quantum Gravity32, 024001 (2014). [8] K. Somiya, Classical and Quantum Gravity29, 124007"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.23384","ref_index":2,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Forecasting graviton-mass constraints from the full covariance of PTA-astrometry ORF estimators","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-25T17:24:37+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"A full-covariance formalism for PTA-astrometry ORF estimators forecasts graviton-mass upper limits of 4.41e-24 eV/c2 for current-like setups and 0.48e-24 eV/c2 for SKA/Theia-like future setups, with astrometry adding significant power in the latter case.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Whether the graviton is exactly massless is a basic question about the nature of gravity, yet the answer remains unknown [1, 2]. General Relativity (GR) predicts that gravity propagates at the speed of light and that the graviton mass is zero. This assumption underlies many calculations in gravitational physics, including gravitational-wave propagation and the evolution of large-scale structure [2]. A nonzero graviton mass is not forbidden by a fundamental principle; neither gauge invariance nor Lorentz symmetry protects the graviton mass in the way they protect the photon mass [1]. The value of the graviton mass is tied to several basic properties of gravity [1, 3]. First, a nonzero graviton mass implies exponential suppression of the gravitational potential on scales set by the graviton Compton"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.21050","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and the Vacuum Displacement Principle: From Galactic Scales to Cosmic Fine-Tuning","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-22T19:48:11+00:00","verdict":null,"verdict_confidence":null,"novelty_score":null,"formal_verification":null,"one_line_summary":null,"context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.18680","ref_index":5,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Beyond Three Terms: Continued Fractions for Rotating Black Holes in Modified Gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-20T18:00:01+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"A reduction scheme transforms arbitrary N-term scalar and matrix recurrence relations from black hole perturbations in modified gravity into three-term relations solvable by continued fractions.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Abbottet al.(LIGO Scientific, Virgo), Phys. Rev. Lett.116, 061102 (2016), arXiv:1602.03837 [gr-qc]. [2] R. Abbottet al.(LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA), Phys. Rev. D112, 084080 (2025), arXiv:2112.06861 [gr- qc]. [3] C. M. Will, Living Rev. Rel.17, 4 (2014), arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [4] N. Yunes, X. Siemens, and K. Yagi, Living Rev. Rel.28, 3 (2025). [5] N. Yunes, K. Yagi, and F. Pretorius, Phys. Rev. D94, 084002 (2016), arXiv:1603.08955 [gr-qc]. [6] R. Nair, S. Perkins, H. O. Silva, and N. Yunes, Phys. Rev. Lett.123, 191101 (2019), arXiv:1905.00870 [gr-qc]. [7] S. E. Perkins, R. Nair, H. O. Silva, and N. Yunes, Phys. Rev. D104, 024060 (2021), arXiv:2104.11189 [gr-qc]. [8] M. Lagos, L. Jenks, M. Isi, K."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.16907","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"First-order thermodynamics of multi-scalar-tensor gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-18T08:40:06+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Multi-scalar-tensor gravity admits an exact covariant thermodynamic interpretation as an imperfect fluid whose heat flux involves a coupling-derived factor χ and a residual gradient sector, yielding multi-field thermal diagnostics and a GR-attractor criterion that is stricter than simple freezing of","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Finally, we construct the entropy current and entropy production in the coupling frame and show that homogeneous cosmology suppresses the spatial sector while retaining nontrivial time-like multi-scalar thermal dynamics. I. INTRODUCTION General Relativity (GR) remains extraordinarily suc- cessful across a wide range of scales, from Solar-System experiments and binary pulsars to the strong-field and gravitational-wave regime [1, 2]. Nevertheless, there are compelling reasons to investigate consistent extensions of Einstein gravity. On the observational side, the origin of cosmic acceleration and the broader dark-sector problem continue to motivate departures from the minimal GR picture, while on the theoretical side one would like to understand how rigid the Einstein description really is"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.16226","ref_index":42,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Post-Newtonian Constraints on Scalar-Tensor Gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-17T16:41:35+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Unified post-Newtonian analysis reveals that Palatini scalar-tensor theories often face weaker Solar System bounds than metric versions due to stronger Yukawa suppression, with Palatini f(R) reproducing GR limits for point sources unlike metric f(R).","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"1 012001, [arXiv:2106.14966]. [40] K. Dimopoulos, A. Karam, S. S' anchez L' opez, and E. Tomberg,Modelling Quintessential Inflation in Palatini-Modified Gravity,Galaxies10(2022), no. 2 57, [arXiv:2203.05424]. [41] K. Dimopoulos, A. Karam, S. S' anchez L' opez, and E. Tomberg,Palatini R2 quintessential inflation,JCAP10(2022) 076, [arXiv:2206.14117]. [42] I. Antoniadis, A. Guillen, and K. Tamvakis,Late time acceleration in Palatini gravity,JHEP 11(2022) 144, [arXiv:2207.13732]. [43] K. Dimopoulos, C. Dioguardi, G. H¨ utsi, and A. Racioppi,Quintessential inflation in Palatini F(R, X) gravity,Eur. Phys. J. Plus140(2025), no. 11 1109, [arXiv:2503.21610]. [44] J. J. Terente D' ıaz, K. Dimopoulos, M. Karˇ ciauskas, and A."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.16545","ref_index":127,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Energy conditions in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes and effective geometries","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-17T06:08:58+00:00","verdict":null,"verdict_confidence":null,"novelty_score":null,"formal_verification":null,"one_line_summary":null,"context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"symmetric, perfect fluid solutions of Einstein's equations,Comput. Phys. Commun.115 (1998) 395 [gr-qc/9809013]. [125] M. Visser and D.L. Wiltshire,Stable gravastars: An Alternative to black holes?,Class. Quant. Grav.21(2004) 1135 [gr-qc/0310107]. [126] C.A.R. Herdeiro,Black Holes: On the Universality of the Kerr Hypothesis,Lect. Notes Phys.1017(2023) 315 [2204.05640]. [127] M. Bezares and N. Sanchis-Gual,Exotic Compact Objects: A Recent Numerical-Relativity Perspective, (2025), DOI [2406.04901]. [128] R. Carballo-Rubio, F. Di Filippo, S. Liberati, C. Pacilio and M. Visser,Inner horizon instability and the unstable cores of regular black holes,JHEP05(2021) 132 [2101.05006]. [129] C.M. Will,The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment,Living Rev."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.13494","ref_index":36,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Probing Kalb-Ramond gravity with charged rotating black holes: constraints from EHT observations","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-15T05:26:59+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":3.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"EHT shadow observations constrain the Lorentz-violating parameter ℓ in Kalb-Ramond gravity for charged rotating black holes to roughly |ℓ| ≲ 0.1-0.2, with an upper bound ℓ ≲ 0.19 from Sgr A*.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"the Kerr metric of general relativity. Amarilla, Eiroa, and their collaborators were the first to study the black hole shadows in modified gravity theories, including ro- tating black holes in extended Chern-Simons modified gravity [ 32], braneworld scenarios [ 33, 34], and Kaluza- Klein rotating dilaton black holes [ 35]. Atamurotov et al. extended this to Hoˇ rava-Lifshitz gravity [ 36], non- Kerr black holes [ 37], Kerr-Taub-NUT spacetimes [ 38], and 5D Myers-Perry black holes [ 39]. Abdujabbarov et al. [40] introduced a coordinate-independent formalism for describing shadow boundaries. Tsukamoto, Li, and Bambi [ 41-43] did systematic studies into relationship between shadow observables and black hole parameters, demonstrating how spin and deformation parameters can"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.13223","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Observational constraints on nonlocal black holes via gravitational lensing","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-14T18:48:44+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Nonlocal black holes remain consistent with general relativity at the 1.13-sigma level after joint lensing and quasinormal-mode constraints.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"This work provides a first assessment of the DD parameter space and offers new insights to probe deviations from Einstein's gravity in view of future larger datasets. I. INTRODUCTION Black holes (BHs) represent the most fascinating pre- dictions of relativistic gravity and provide a unique phys- ical laboratory for testing the behavior of spacetime in the strong-field regime [1, 2]. The increasing precision of astrophysical observations, ranging from gravitational- wave (GW) detections to horizon-scale imaging, has opened unprecedented opportunities to probe General Relativity (GR) in the vicinity of compact objects [3-5]. Despite its experimental success, GR faces both con- ceptual and observational challenges. On the theoretical"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.11755","ref_index":30,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Ringing of rapidly rotating black holes in effective field theory","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-13T17:28:48+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Leading-order cubic-curvature corrections to scalar quasinormal modes of black holes with spins up to 0.99M are computed numerically for modes up to l=5 with relative errors below 10^{-4}.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"it is natural to adopt an effective field theory (EFT) ap- proach to gravity, in which the Einstein-Hilbert action is supplemented by higher-derivative operators suppressed by a high energy scale [27-29]. This framework provides a general and systematic treatment of extensions of GR, also known as higher-derivative theories, that are con- sistent with its empirical success across scales [30, 31], and respect its symmetries. We further restrict to theo- ries that do not introduce new light degrees of freedom. The Lorentz and diffeomorphism invariance of GR re- quire that the higher-derivative operators enter the ex- pansion as scalar quantities, and fixing the light degrees of freedom imposes that any modifications can only de- pend on the metric."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.08680","ref_index":22,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Prompt Response from Plunging Sources in Schwarzschild Spacetime","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-09T18:12:06+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"The prompt response is ~1.2 times stronger than quasinormal mode excitation during inspiral and enables 99% accurate reconstruction of the full inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform when combined with other components.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"(LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA), (2026), arXiv:2603.19021 [gr-qc]. [19] A. G. Abacet al.(LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA), (2026), arXiv:2603.19019 [gr-qc]. [20] A. G. Abacet al.(LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA), (2026), arXiv:2603.19020 [gr-qc]. [21] K. G. Arun, B. R. Iyer, M. S. S. Qusailah, and B. S. Sathyaprakash, Phys. Rev. D74, 024006 (2006), arXiv:gr- qc/0604067. [22] C. M. Will, Living Rev. Rel.17, 4 (2014), arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [23] E. Maggio, H. O. Silva, A. Buonanno, and A. Ghosh, Phys. Rev. D108, 024043 (2023), arXiv:2212.09655 [gr- qc]. [24] K. Mitmanet al., Phys. Rev. Lett.130, 081402 (2023), arXiv:2208.07380 [gr-qc]. [25] M. H.-Y. Cheunget al., Phys. Rev. Lett.130, 081401 (2023), arXiv:2208.07374 [gr-qc]."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.03518","ref_index":2,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Dynamical Black Hole Thermodynamics in Modified Gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-04-03T23:49:32+00:00","verdict":null,"verdict_confidence":null,"novelty_score":null,"formal_verification":null,"one_line_summary":null,"context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Multi-messenger astronomy has ushered in a novel phase of gravitational testing within the strong-field, highly dynamic domains [1]. Although General Relativity (GR) continues to serve as the prevailing model for astrophysical occurrences, enduring discrepancies related to galactic rotation curves and cosmic expansion imply that the theory might necessi- tate adjustments at extreme scales [ 2]. Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG), often known as Modified Gravity (MOG), offers a compelling alternative by supplementing the metric tensor with a massive vector field and dynamic scalar fields [3]. Through the introduction of a Yukawa-like repulsive force and a variable gravitational constant, MOG effectively reproduces galactic and cluster dynamics without the need"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.11837","ref_index":71,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Gravitational baryogenesis beyond the spectator approximation","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-03-12T12:03:45+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Treating the baryogenesis operator as part of the action yields modified Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations with an effective Planck mass M_eff² = M_Pl² - 2λ ∇_μ J^μ for the vector-density realization of the current.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2602.03110","ref_index":3,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Evidence for deviation in gravitational light deflection from general relativity at cosmological scales with KiDS-Legacy and CMB lensing","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2026-02-03T05:11:50+00:00","verdict":"CONDITIONAL","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"KiDS-Legacy weak lensing plus CMB data yields a 3 sigma deviation in light deflection from GR in a Lambda CDM background, with the signal driven by large-scale CMB lensing amplitudes.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"explain through the perspective of parameter degeneracy why the statistical significance of the deviation of Σ0 from GR decreases from 3.0σin theµ 0Σ0ΛCDM model to 2.2σ in theµ 0Σ0w0wa model. [1] A. Einstein, Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (Math. Phys. )1915, 844 (1915). [2] E. Bertiet al., Class. Quant. Grav.32, 243001 (2015), arXiv:1501.07274 [gr-qc]. [3] C. M. Will, Living Rev. Rel.17, 4 (2014), arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [4] A. G. Riesset al.(Supernova Search Team), Astron. J. 116, 1009 (1998), arXiv:astro-ph/9805201. [5] S. Perlmutteret al.(Supernova Cosmology Project), As- trophys. J.517, 565 (1999), arXiv:astro-ph/9812133. [6] S. Weinberg, Rev. Mod. Phys.61, 1 (1989). [7] V. Sahni and A. A. Starobinsky, Int."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2601.17115","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Effective geometrodynamics for renormalization-group improved black-hole spacetimes in spherical symmetry","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-01-23T19:00:00+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"RG-improved black hole spacetimes with scale-dependent gravitational coupling are derived as vacuum solutions to 2D Horndeski master field equations, embedding prior works and exposing implementation discrepancies.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2601.05750","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Parameterized Post-Newtonian Analysis of Quadratic Gravity and Solar System Constraints","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2026-01-09T12:05:09+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Quadratic gravity with Weyl-squared and Ricci-squared terms produces PPN parameters that equal their GR values except for exponentially decaying corrections, with gamma identically 1 when the two mode masses are equal, yielding solar-system lower bounds m_R, m_W greater than or equal to 23 per AU.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2512.11911","ref_index":93,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Gravitational radiations from periodic orbits around a black hole in the effective field theory extension of general relativity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-12-11T01:04:43+00:00","verdict":null,"verdict_confidence":null,"novelty_score":null,"formal_verification":null,"one_line_summary":null,"context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2512.06051","ref_index":7,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Investigating the interplay of the braneworld gravity and the plasma environment on the black hole shadow","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-12-05T11:26:03+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":4.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Negative tidal charge enlarges the shadow of rotating braneworld black holes while inhomogeneous plasma shrinks it and homogeneous plasma enlarges it; EHT data limits q to roughly -1.15 to 0.45 for M87* in the low-density limit.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.19926","ref_index":3,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Revisiting black holes and their thermodynamics in Einstein-Kalb-Ramond gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-11-25T05:08:30+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Exact black hole solutions with topological horizons are found in EKR gravity and their thermodynamics are analyzed using the Wald formalism for mass and entropy.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.05273","ref_index":12,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Born-Infeld Electrogravity and Dyonic Black Holes","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-11-07T14:35:54+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Born-Infeld electrogravity yields a fundamental extremal dyonic black hole in the small-charge limit whose mass and horizon area depend only on the Born-Infeld constant, Newton’s constant, and the speed of light.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.17906","ref_index":7,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Imaging and Polarimetric Signatures of Konoplya-Zhidenko Black Holes with Various Thick Disk","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2025-10-19T14:55:31+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Horizon-scale synchrotron images and polarization maps of Konoplya-Zhidenko black holes with thick disks show expanded photon rings, darker centers, and viewing-angle-dependent asymmetries that vary with the deformation parameter.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.11793","ref_index":4,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Black hole mergers beyond general relativity: a self-force approach","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-10-13T18:00:08+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Self-force theory is extended to compute merger and ringdown waveforms in beyond-GR black hole binaries under the extreme mass-ratio approximation, with first calculations of self-force corrections to the merger waveform.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"beyond-GR effects and readily incorporate them into a fast merger-ringdown waveform model. Introduction.-Over the past decade, general relativ- ity (GR) has come into its own. For many decades prior, experiments could only directly probe regimes of weak gravity or cosmological scales [ 1, 2]. Now, with the ad- vent of gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy [3] and very- long-baseline interferometry [4], we are able to regularly observe regions of strong gravity through the inspiral and merger of binary black holes (BHs) [5] and the interaction of BHs with surrounding matter [ 6]. These observations have placed new constraints on deviations from GR [ 7-9], and future instruments will provide more stringent tests of GR, including precise measures of whether astrophysical"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.02515","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Neural Post-Einsteinian Test of General Relativity with the Third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-10-02T19:42:41+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Neural post-Einsteinian analysis of GWTC-3 finds no GR violation and sets constraints covering both post-Newtonian and beyond-post-Newtonian deviations in a single theory-agnostic setup.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.00377","ref_index":9,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Redshifted civilizations, galactic empires, and the Fermi paradox","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-10-01T00:50:50+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":4.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Civilizations can achieve galaxy-spanning reach within biological lifetimes via time-dilated orbits near black hole photon spheres using classical general relativity, with a Type II civilization enabling 10^4 dilation factors.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"It is perhaps prudent to avoid speculating on new physics, and to explore possibilities within the scope of clas- sical general relativity (and the known properties of matter), Email addresses:christopher.j.reiss@gmail.com(Chris Reiss), feng@fzu.cz(Justin C. Feng ) as it is a well-established theory on the astrophysical scales of interest, from solar system tests [9] to gravitational wave obser- vations from the collisions of compact objects (such as black holes) [10]. Both special and general relativity offer some possibilities for travelers (which we assume to have finite lifespans) in a future human civilization to explore a significant portion of the galaxy without invoking new or exotic physics and without sac-"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.08099","ref_index":30,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Black Hole Spectroscopy and Tests of General Relativity with GW250114","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-09-09T19:17:32+00:00","verdict":"ACCEPT","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":6.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"GW250114 data confirm the remnant is consistent with a Kerr black hole and bound the dominant quadrupolar mode frequency to within a few percent of the GR prediction, with constraints tighter than prior multi-event catalogs.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Rept. 943, 1 (2022), arXiv:2012.05770 [hep-th]. [28] C. M. Will, The Confrontation between General Relativ- ity and Experiment, Living Rev. Relativity17, 4 (2014), arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. [29] E. Bertiet al., Testing General Relativity with Present and Future Astrophysical Observations, Class. Quantum Grav.32, 243001 (2015), arXiv:1501.07274 [gr-qc]. [30] N. Yunes, X. Siemens, and K. Yagi, Gravitational-Wave Tests of General Relativity with Ground-Based Detectors and Pulsar-Timing Arrays, Living Rev. Relativity28, 3 (2025), arXiv:2408.05240 [gr-qc]. [31] A. G. Abacet al.(LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KA- GRA), GWTC-4.0: An Introduction to Version 4.0 15 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, (2025),"},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.08054","ref_index":154,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"GW250114: testing Hawking's area law and the Kerr nature of black holes","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-09-09T18:00:07+00:00","verdict":"ACCEPT","verdict_confidence":"MODERATE","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"GW250114 data confirm the remnant black hole ringdown frequencies lie within 30% of Kerr predictions and that the final horizon area is larger than the sum of the progenitors' areas to high credibility.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":", Nonlinear Effects in Black Hole Ring- down, Phys. Rev. Lett.130, 081401 (2023), arXiv:2208.07374 [gr-qc]. [152] A. Chavda, M. Lagos, and L. 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D103, 024041 (2021), arXiv:2010."},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.01614","ref_index":34,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Probing modified gravitational-wave dispersion with bursts from eccentric black-hole binaries","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-09-01T16:47:37+00:00","verdict":"CONDITIONAL","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Applies parameterized dispersion to eccentric BBH burst waveforms, deriving a 2.5PN time-delay correction and Bessel amplitude modulation, then uses Fisher matrix to project LIGO constraints that are stronger than current bounds for Hořava-Lifschitz and extra-dimension models.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2508.11096","ref_index":1,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Echoes and quasinormal modes of asymmetric black bounces","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-08-14T22:21:14+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Computes quasinormal modes and echoes for black bounce solutions, finding echoes only in certain symmetric horizonless cases and none in asymmetric models that recover Reissner-Nordström externally.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2504.12521","ref_index":241,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Lectures on the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs group and related topics in infrared physics","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T22:47:28+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":3.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Lecture notes that build the BMS group from prerequisites to applications in soft theorems, memory effects, and new material on asymptotic conformal Killing horizons.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2406.03568","ref_index":25,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Tests of General Relativity with GW230529: a neutron star merging with a lower mass-gap compact object","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2024-06-05T18:30:33+00:00","verdict":"CONDITIONAL","verdict_confidence":"MODERATE","novelty_score":5.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Parameterized inspiral tests on GW230529 find consistency with GR, with |δφ̂_{-2}| ≲ 8×10^{-5} and ℓ_GB ≲ 0.51 M_⊙ in ESGB theories.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2312.01406","ref_index":17,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.98,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Neutron stars more compact than black holes as a probe of strong-field gravity","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2023-12-03T14:09:12+00:00","verdict":"UNVERDICTED","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":7.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"Stable neutron-star configurations denser than black holes exist in quasi-topological gravity and may produce detectable gravitational-wave echoes.","context_count":0,"top_context_role":null,"top_context_polarity":null,"context_text":null},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2112.06861","ref_index":17,"ref_count":1,"confidence":0.9,"is_internal_anchor":true,"paper_title":"Tests of General Relativity with GWTC-3","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2021-12-13T18:19:04+00:00","verdict":"ACCEPT","verdict_confidence":"LOW","novelty_score":3.0,"formal_verification":"none","one_line_summary":"No evidence for physics beyond general relativity is found in the analysis of 15 GW events from GWTC-3, with consistency in residuals, PN parameters, and remnant properties.","context_count":1,"top_context_role":"background","top_context_polarity":"background","context_text":"Relativity 17, 4 (2014), arXiv:1403.7377 [gr-qc]. 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