Phase-resolved scalar distance bounds are derived for ekpyrotic, bouncing, and cyclic cosmologies, yielding a master condition that lower-bounds ε_ek from remaining distance after conversion and bounce.
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Dynamics of dark energy
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abstract
In this paper we review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the remarkable observation of our accelerating Universe. In particular we discuss the arguments for and recent progress made towards understanding the nature of dark energy. We review the observational evidence for the current accelerated expansion of the universe and present a number of dark energy models in addition to the conventional cosmological constant, paying particular attention to scalar field models such as quintessence, K-essence, tachyon, phantom and dilatonic models. The importance of cosmological scaling solutions is emphasized when studying the dynamical system of scalar fields including coupled dark energy. We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations allowing us to confront them with the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure and demonstrate how it is possible in principle to reconstruct the equation of state of dark energy by also using Supernovae Ia observational data. We also discuss in detail the nature of tracking solutions in cosmology, particle physics and braneworld models of dark energy, the nature of possible future singularities, the effect of higher order curvature terms to avoid a Big Rip singularity, and approaches to modifying gravity which leads to a late-time accelerated expansion without recourse to a new form of dark energy.
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representative citing papers
Dynamical dark energy imprints O(1) shifts on black hole quasi-normal modes via cosmological hair, enabling constraints at 10^{-2} (LVK) to 10^{-4} (LISA) precision using the cubic Galileon as example.
Stable black hole solutions with cosmological scalar hair are explicitly derived in the cubic Galileon theory, recovering cosmological behavior at large distances and regular short-range dynamics.
Galileon models must obey a void-depth limit tied to expansion history to avoid force breakdowns, excluding ~60% of a linear parameterization's space by z less than or equal to 10.
A metric-affine version of quadratic DHOST theories is derived and reduced to a one-function family that satisfies degeneracy conditions and light-speed gravitational wave propagation.
A master screening equation is derived for luminal Horndeski gravity that recovers Vainshtein and Chameleon mechanisms and introduces Phaedrus screening with screening radius scaling linearly with source mass.
Solar tachocline production of symmetrons yields a keV-scale flux at Earth whose absorption in xenon detectors provides new complementary bounds on symmetron parameter space.
A new quintessence model with non-minimal coupling produces an effective sign-switching interaction that fits current data better than LambdaCDM or w0waCDM and accounts for late-time dark energy weakening without phantom crossing.
First background-level constraints on Luciano-Saridakis entropic cosmology using CC, Pantheon+ with SH0ES, DESI DR2 BAO and compressed Planck data show robust fit, 2sigma exclusion of LambdaCDM, and potential Hubble tension alleviation.
Ghostly quantum systems can have discrete non-dense energy spectra under classical stability conditions, providing counterexamples to spectral denseness.
An analytic bound on axion parameters in thawing quintessence is derived independently of initial conditions and used with cosmological observations plus quantum gravity constraints to exclude large regions of axion dark energy parameter space.
LTIT is a constrained interacting dark energy framework with late-activating variable coupling to CDM that keeps pre-recombination effects below 0.4 percent while permitting sub-percent to several-percent late-time shifts in growth.
A Hubble-scale domain wall quintessence model produces anisotropic expansion but is tightly constrained by Planck CMB quadrupole limits and supernova data to a negligible contribution, favoring standard LambdaCDM.
This work constructs perturbation theory for TDiff scalar fields in cosmology, analyzes pressure perturbations and adiabaticity including multi-field interaction effects, and checks stability via effective sound speed.
Derives modified Einstein and fluid equations for non-minimal matter-Lagrangian-curvature couplings and demonstrates non-equivalence of Schutz and Brown fluid formulations.
Strong gravitational lensing data from early-type galaxies and Abell 1689 constrain three sign-changeable dark-sector interaction models, yielding negative interaction strengths larger in magnitude than prior probes and an acceleration transition at z_t ~1.8-2.1.
New ACT and DESI data yield model-dependent upper limits on sum of neutrino masses, with holographic dark energy giving the tightest bounds and a consistent preference for degenerate hierarchy.
Exponential quintessence with an assumed kination epoch relaxes the dark energy fine-tuning problem by dozens of orders of magnitude relative to a cosmological constant.
Dynamical systems analysis of a Palatini k-essence model identifies fixed points for quasi-de-Sitter epochs, scaling solutions, and quintessence phases connected by heteroclinic orbits in flat FLRW cosmology.
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
Derives gauge-invariant perturbation equations for F(T, T_G) cosmology and provides physical interpretations for new contributions in each mode.
Neural networks calibrate 2D and 3D Dainotti relations on the Platinum GRB sample via ANN-driven MCMC to produce a model-independent Hubble diagram with reduced scatter.
A non-canonical generalized Brans-Dicke theory admits background cosmological solutions matching Lambda CDM characteristics for constant, power-law, and exponential potentials, with dynamics distinct from other scalar-tensor models.
For an exponential quintessence potential, an analytic formula links the current equation-of-state w_φ0 to the potential slope λ while enforcing prior radiation and matter domination, yielding the bound λ < 1.94 at Ω_φ0 = 0.685.
citing papers explorer
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Phase-resolved field-space distance bounds in ekpyrotic, bouncing and cyclic cosmologies
Phase-resolved scalar distance bounds are derived for ekpyrotic, bouncing, and cyclic cosmologies, yielding a master condition that lower-bounds ε_ek from remaining distance after conversion and bounce.
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Testing Dark Energy with Black Hole Ringdown
Dynamical dark energy imprints O(1) shifts on black hole quasi-normal modes via cosmological hair, enabling constraints at 10^{-2} (LVK) to 10^{-4} (LISA) precision using the cubic Galileon as example.
-
Stable black hole solutions with cosmological hair
Stable black hole solutions with cosmological scalar hair are explicitly derived in the cubic Galileon theory, recovering cosmological behavior at large distances and regular short-range dynamics.
-
How deep can a cosmic void be? Voids-informed theoretical bounds in Galileon gravity
Galileon models must obey a void-depth limit tied to expansion history to avoid force breakdowns, excluding ~60% of a linear parameterization's space by z less than or equal to 10.
-
Degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor theories in metric-affine gravity
A metric-affine version of quadratic DHOST theories is derived and reduced to a one-function family that satisfies degeneracy conditions and light-speed gravitational wave propagation.
-
A Master Equation for Screening in Luminal Horndeski Gravity
A master screening equation is derived for luminal Horndeski gravity that recovers Vainshtein and Chameleon mechanisms and introduces Phaedrus screening with screening radius scaling linearly with source mass.
-
Probing Solar Symmetrons with Direct Detection
Solar tachocline production of symmetrons yields a keV-scale flux at Earth whose absorption in xenon detectors provides new complementary bounds on symmetron parameter space.
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Non-minimally coupled quintessence with sign-switching interaction
A new quintessence model with non-minimal coupling produces an effective sign-switching interaction that fits current data better than LambdaCDM or w0waCDM and accounts for late-time dark energy weakening without phantom crossing.
-
Observational constraints on Luciano-Saridakis entropic cosmology
First background-level constraints on Luciano-Saridakis entropic cosmology using CC, Pantheon+ with SH0ES, DESI DR2 BAO and compressed Planck data show robust fit, 2sigma exclusion of LambdaCDM, and potential Hubble tension alleviation.
-
Quantum mechanics with a ghost: Counterexamples to spectral denseness
Ghostly quantum systems can have discrete non-dense energy spectra under classical stability conditions, providing counterexamples to spectral denseness.
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Bounding axion dark energy
An analytic bound on axion parameters in thawing quintessence is derived independently of initial conditions and used with cosmological observations plus quantum gravity constraints to exclude large regions of axion dark energy parameter space.
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Late-Transition Interacting Thawer Dark Energy: Physics and Validation
LTIT is a constrained interacting dark energy framework with late-activating variable coupling to CDM that keeps pre-recombination effects below 0.4 percent while permitting sub-percent to several-percent late-time shifts in growth.
-
Domain-wall Quintessence
A Hubble-scale domain wall quintessence model produces anisotropic expansion but is tightly constrained by Planck CMB quadrupole limits and supernova data to a negligible contribution, favoring standard LambdaCDM.
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Cosmological perturbations of TDiff fields
This work constructs perturbation theory for TDiff scalar fields in cosmology, analyzes pressure perturbations and adiabaticity including multi-field interaction effects, and checks stability via effective sound speed.
-
Non-minimal fluid Lagrangian couplings
Derives modified Einstein and fluid equations for non-minimal matter-Lagrangian-curvature couplings and demonstrates non-equivalence of Schutz and Brown fluid formulations.
-
Study of dark interactions through strong gravitational lenses
Strong gravitational lensing data from early-type galaxies and Abell 1689 constrain three sign-changeable dark-sector interaction models, yielding negative interaction strengths larger in magnitude than prior probes and an acceleration transition at z_t ~1.8-2.1.
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Measuring neutrino mass in light of ACT DR6 and DESI DR2
New ACT and DESI data yield model-dependent upper limits on sum of neutrino masses, with holographic dark energy giving the tightest bounds and a consistent preference for degenerate hierarchy.
-
Exponential Quintessence Model: Analytical Quantification of the Fine-Tuning Problem in Dark Energy
Exponential quintessence with an assumed kination epoch relaxes the dark energy fine-tuning problem by dozens of orders of magnitude relative to a cosmological constant.
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Dynamical system analysis of the cosmological phases in Palatini $k$-essence gravity
Dynamical systems analysis of a Palatini k-essence model identifies fixed points for quasi-de-Sitter epochs, scaling solutions, and quintessence phases connected by heteroclinic orbits in flat FLRW cosmology.
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Probing Dark Energy Microphysics with kSZ Tomography
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
-
Gauge invariant perturbations of $F(T,T_G)$ Cosmology
Derives gauge-invariant perturbation equations for F(T, T_G) cosmology and provides physical interpretations for new contributions in each mode.
-
Model-independent calibration of Gamma-Ray Bursts with neural networks
Neural networks calibrate 2D and 3D Dainotti relations on the Platinum GRB sample via ANN-driven MCMC to produce a model-independent Hubble diagram with reduced scatter.
-
Cosmological Dynamics of a Non-Canonical Generalised Brans-Dicke Theory
A non-canonical generalized Brans-Dicke theory admits background cosmological solutions matching Lambda CDM characteristics for constant, power-law, and exponential potentials, with dynamics distinct from other scalar-tensor models.
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Exponential Quintessence: Analytic Relationship Between the Current Equation of State Parameter and the Potential Parameter
For an exponential quintessence potential, an analytic formula links the current equation-of-state w_φ0 to the potential slope λ while enforcing prior radiation and matter domination, yielding the bound λ < 1.94 at Ω_φ0 = 0.685.
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Accelerating scaling solutions from dark matter particle creation
Accelerating scaling attractors where DM and barotropic fluid coexist at late times arise only for DM-density-controlled interactions with energy transfer from DM.
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A barotropic alternative to Early Dark Energy for alleviating the $H_0$ tension
A barotropic fluid with ω_s ≈ 0.29 and Ω_s ≈ 1.5×10^{-5} raises the inferred H0 to match SH0ES while remaining consistent with Planck CMB, DESI BAO, and Pantheon data.
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Do equation of state parametrizations of dark energy faithfully capture the dynamics of the late universe?
Node-based reconstruction of cosmic expansion prefers stronger deceleration at z≈1.7 than smooth DE EoS parametrizations, isolating z~1.5-2 as a window where the latter may compress localized kinematic features permitted by current data.
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Disentangling cosmic distance tensions with early and late dark energy
Early dark energy resolves CMB-BAO tension and, combined with thawing quintessence, reduces overall cosmological tensions without phantom crossing.
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Probing late-time deviations from $\Lambda$CDM with a quadratic dark energy expansion
The QDEE model fits combined cosmological datasets better than Lambda CDM, shifts the Hubble constant higher, and shows strong Bayesian evidence in its favor.
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Redshift evolution of the Hubble constant: Constraints and new insights from an interacting dark energy model
Modified IDE model with interaction parameter alpha ~0.01 from late-universe data shows H0 decreasing with redshift, tightening to 10^-5 when CMB priors are added.
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How Complex is Dark Energy? A Bayesian Analysis of CPL Extensions with Recent DESI BAO Measurements
Bayesian evidence from DESI BAO plus CMB and SN data favors the standard CPL evolving dark energy model over both simpler constant-w and more complex higher-order extensions.
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Extended Dark Energy analysis using DESI DR2 BAO measurements
Extended analysis of DESI DR2 data confirms robust evidence for dynamical dark energy with phantom crossing preference, stable under parametric and non-parametric modeling.
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MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) Science White Paper I: Overview of Large-Scale Structure Cosmology in the Era of Stage-V Spectroscopic Surveys
MUST is a planned 6.5m Stage-V spectroscopic survey telescope targeting 100M+ galaxies and quasars to z~5.5 for large-scale structure cosmology studies.
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Coupled Dark Energy and Dark Matter for DESI: An Effective Guide to the Phantom Divide
Coupled quintessence-dark matter models can produce an apparent phantom-crossing effective equation of state matching DESI preferences if the scalar field begins frozen in the radiation era.
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Off-diagonal solutions in Einsteingravity modeling f(R) gravity and dynamical darkenergy vs Lambda CDM cosmology
Off-diagonal Einstein solutions constructed via the anholonomic frame and connection deformation method can mimic f(R) gravity and dynamical dark energy effects inside GR and Lambda CDM cosmology.
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Cosmological implications of Bumblebee theory on an FLRW background
Bumblebee theory on an FLRW background yields a cosmological model whose single free parameter is fitted to supernovae observations, producing deceleration and dark energy behaviors that are compared to Lambda-CDM.
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The Quintom theory of dark energy after DESI DR2
This review traces the history of dynamical dark energy, presents the no-go theorem against single-field crossing of w = -1, and surveys viable Quintom constructions including multi-field models and modified gravity in light of DESI DR2 hints.
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Dark energy from string theory: an introductory review
String theory imposes constraints on dark energy but permits various construction attempts for de Sitter vacua and single-field exponential quintessence models despite obstructions.
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Dynamical system analysis in descending dark energy model
Dynamical system analysis of Q-SC-CDM model finds stable attractor solution under alternative parameter choice.
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Observational tests of \texorpdfstring{$\Lambda(t)$}{Lambda(t)} cosmology in light of DESI DR2
MCMC constraints on two Lambda(t) models with DESI DR2, CC, and Pantheon+ data yield H0 ~72.5-73 km/s/Mpc, Omega_m0 near standard values in joint fits, and n~0.3 indicating mild deviation from LambdaCDM.
- Exploring the interplay of late-time dynamical dark energy and new physics before recombination