{"work":{"id":"d8bbcd57-ca9e-40fa-b914-afcba196484d","openalex_id":null,"doi":null,"arxiv_id":"astro-ph/9905116","raw_key":null,"title":"Distance measures in cosmology","authors":null,"authors_text":"D","year":1999,"venue":"astro-ph","abstract":"Formulae for the line-of-sight and transverse comoving distances, proper motion distance, angular diameter distance, luminosity distance, k-correction, distance modulus, comoving volume, lookback time, age, and object intersection probability are all given, some with justifications. Some attempt is made to rationalize disparate terminologies, or at least abuse bad usage.","external_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9905116","cited_by_count":null,"metadata_source":"pith","metadata_fetched_at":"2026-05-25T17:36:06.392164+00:00","pith_arxiv_id":"astro-ph/9905116","created_at":"2026-05-09T17:55:02.556051+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-25T17:36:06.392164+00:00","title_quality_ok":false,"display_title":"W., 1999, preprint, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999astro.ph..5116H ( @eprint astro-ph/9905116 )","render_title":"W., 1999, preprint, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999astro.ph..5116H ( @eprint astro-ph/9905116 )"},"hub":{"state":{"work_id":"d8bbcd57-ca9e-40fa-b914-afcba196484d","tier":"hub","tier_reason":"10+ Pith inbound or 1,000+ external citations","pith_inbound_count":19,"external_cited_by_count":null,"distinct_field_count":4,"first_pith_cited_at":"2016-07-28T17:16:58+00:00","last_pith_cited_at":"2026-05-22T12:19:56+00:00","author_build_status":"not_needed","summary_status":"needed","contexts_status":"needed","graph_status":"needed","ask_index_status":"not_needed","reader_status":"not_needed","recognition_status":"not_needed","updated_at":"2026-05-30T20:31:21.143731+00:00","tier_text":"hub"},"tier":"hub","role_counts":[{"context_role":"background","n":4},{"context_role":"method","n":2}],"polarity_counts":[{"context_polarity":"background","n":4},{"context_polarity":"use_method","n":2}],"runs":{},"summary":{},"graph":{},"authors":[]}}