Freeze-in dark matter produced by kaons in low-reheating cosmologies requires larger couplings at lower reheating temperatures, directly linking the relic density to observable rates in rare kaon decay experiments.
de Carlos, J
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abstract
We show that if there is a realistic 4-d string, the dilaton and moduli supermultiplets will generically acquire a small mass O(m_{3/2}), providing the only vacuum-independent evidence of low-energy physics in string theory beyond the supersymmetric standard model. The only assumptions behind this result are (i) softly broken supersymmetry at low energies with zero cosmological constant, (ii) these particles interact with gravitational strength and the scalar components have a flat potential in perturbation theory, which are well-known properties of string theories. (iii) They acquire a $vev$ of the order of the Planck scale (as required for the correct value of the gauge coupling constants and the expected compactification scale) after supersymmetry gets broken. We explore the cosmological implications of these particles. Similar to the gravitino, the fermionic states may overclose the Universe if they are stable or destroy nucleosynthesis if they decay unless their masses belong to a certain range or inflation dilutes them. For the scalar states it is known that the problem cannot be entirely solved by inflation, since oscillations around the minimum of the potential can lead to a huge entropy generation at late times. We discus some possible ways to alleviate this entropy problem, that favour low-temperature baryogenesis, and also comment on the possible role of these particles as dark matter candidates or as sources of the baryon asymmetry through their decay.
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Early matter domination with time-dependent decay rates produces multiple first-order phase transitions whose gravitational wave signatures encode the transition and reheating temperatures.
An additional scalar field dilutes gravitino freeze-in dark matter for matter-like equations of state, permitting larger reheating temperatures consistent with leptogenesis.
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Kaon Portal to Freeze-in Dark Matter
Freeze-in dark matter produced by kaons in low-reheating cosmologies requires larger couplings at lower reheating temperatures, directly linking the relic density to observable rates in rare kaon decay experiments.
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Gravitational Waves from Multiple First-Order Phase Transitions in a Scenario with Early Matter Domination
Early matter domination with time-dependent decay rates produces multiple first-order phase transitions whose gravitational wave signatures encode the transition and reheating temperatures.
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Gravitino Freeze-In Dark Matter with an Additional Scalar Field
An additional scalar field dilutes gravitino freeze-in dark matter for matter-like equations of state, permitting larger reheating temperatures consistent with leptogenesis.