Uniform MPS simulations of dense 1+1D SU(2) gauge theory find Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid infrared behavior with central charge 1, density modulations at the predicted wavenumber, and a smooth crossover in the Luttinger parameter from K~1 to K~1/2 that realizes the quarkyonic picture with coexisting q
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Phases of Dense Quarks at Large N_c
14 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
In the limit of a large number of colors, N_c, we suggest that gauge theories can exhibit several distinct phases at nonzero temperature and quark density. Two are familiar: a cold, dilute phase of confined hadrons, where the pressure is ~ 1, and a hot phase of deconfined quarks and gluons, with pressure ~ N_c^2. When the quark chemical potential mu ~ 1, the deconfining transition temperature, T_d, is independent of mu. For T < T_d, as mu increases above the mass threshold, baryons quickly form a dense phase where the pressure is ~ N_c. As illustrated by a Skyrme crystal, chiral symmetry can be both spontaneously broken, and then restored, in the dense phase. While the pressure is ~ N_c, like that of (non-ideal) quarks, the dense phase is still confined, with interactions near the Fermi surface those of baryons, and not of quarks. Thus in the chirally symmetric region, baryons near the Fermi surface are parity doubled. We suggest possible implications for the phase diagram of QCD.
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Tripling fluctuations in a BEC-BCS-inspired model provide a microscopic derivation of quarkyonic matter that reproduces the speed of sound peak and baryon momentum shell in a simplified dense-matter framework.
In SU(2) lattice QCD at finite density, the chiral magnetic effect from axial-vector correlators remains close to the free massless quark value with weak T and mu dependence in the plasma, while negative magnetoresistance from vector correlators is strongly suppressed at high density or temperature.
A three-parameter crossover equation of state reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics and places the hadron-to-parton switching temperature at ~216 MeV, implying hadrons remain important up to ~250 MeV.
In large-Nc QCD at finite isospin density, an intermediate regime Lambda_QCD <= mu_I <= sqrt(Nc) Lambda_QCD hosts quarkyonic meson matter consisting of a filled Fermi sea of quarks bound into mesons on the QCD scale, possibly with surface Bose condensation or Cooper pairing.
A self-consistent dressing of Fierz-complete (1+1)d Dirac fermions yields spin-charge deconfinement diagnosed by Wilson loops, an emergent sl(2,R) gauge field, and an order-parameter manifold promoted to AdS3 ≅ SL(2,R).
Leading order chiral perturbation theory yields the minimal energy condition for vortex nucleation in the pion condensed phase, with vortices carrying quantized angular momentum and self-confining pions.
The IdylliQ model uses quark saturation to generate stiff equations of state and effective baryon repulsions that mitigate hyperon softening in neutron star matter.
An extended PNJL model locates the QCD critical end point and predicts that proto-neutron stars contain hyperons and Delta-isobars but no deconfined quarks, which appear only in cold neutron stars.
In the modified NJL model, low vacuum pressure with a first-order chiral transition supports massive non-strange quark stars consistent with pulsar data while high vacuum pressure with crossover is ruled out, constraining current quark mass to 4.08-4.13 MeV and suggesting GW170817 could involve such
QCD features at least three phases at zero baryon density and three at high density, including a Quarkyonic phase at high density and low temperature, described via large-N_c and a parameter-free 3D string model.
Lattice data indicate hot QCD features an intermediate phase with emergent chiral spin symmetry and thermoparticles as thermal constituents, differing from perturbative expectations.
A unified QCD equation of state is advocated for neutron star mergers and heavy ion collisions so that gravitational wave signals and lab flow/fluctuation data can jointly constrain the phase structure of dense matter.
Review of neutron star dense matter, hadron-quark phase transitions, and potential g-mode signatures in gravitational waves from multimessenger observations.
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Dense $\mathrm{QC_2D_2}$ with uniform matrix product states
Uniform MPS simulations of dense 1+1D SU(2) gauge theory find Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid infrared behavior with central charge 1, density modulations at the predicted wavenumber, and a smooth crossover in the Luttinger parameter from K~1 to K~1/2 that realizes the quarkyonic picture with coexisting q
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Quarkyonic matter and hadron-quark crossover from an ultracold atom perspective
Tripling fluctuations in a BEC-BCS-inspired model provide a microscopic derivation of quarkyonic matter that reproduces the speed of sound peak and baryon momentum shell in a simplified dense-matter framework.
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Chiral Magnetic Effect and Negative Magnetoresistance across the phase diagram of finite-density SU(2) gauge theory
In SU(2) lattice QCD at finite density, the chiral magnetic effect from axial-vector correlators remains close to the free massless quark value with weak T and mu dependence in the plasma, while negative magnetoresistance from vector correlators is strongly suppressed at high density or temperature.
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Hadronic and partonic composition of QCD matter across the crossover
A three-parameter crossover equation of state reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics and places the hadron-to-parton switching temperature at ~216 MeV, implying hadrons remain important up to ~250 MeV.
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Quarkyonic Meson Matter for Finite Isospin Density
In large-Nc QCD at finite isospin density, an intermediate regime Lambda_QCD <= mu_I <= sqrt(Nc) Lambda_QCD hosts quarkyonic meson matter consisting of a filled Fermi sea of quarks bound into mesons on the QCD scale, possibly with surface Bose condensation or Cooper pairing.
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Spin-charge deconfinement and emergent $\mathrm{AdS}_3$ structure from a self-consistent dressing of Fierz-complete $(1+1)$d Dirac fermions
A self-consistent dressing of Fierz-complete (1+1)d Dirac fermions yields spin-charge deconfinement diagnosed by Wilson loops, an emergent sl(2,R) gauge field, and an order-parameter manifold promoted to AdS3 ≅ SL(2,R).
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Minimal superfluid vortices in chiral perturbation theory
Leading order chiral perturbation theory yields the minimal energy condition for vortex nucleation in the pion condensed phase, with vortices carrying quantized angular momentum and self-confining pions.
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A quarkyonic matter model
The IdylliQ model uses quark saturation to generate stiff equations of state and effective baryon repulsions that mitigate hyperon softening in neutron star matter.
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Hot quark matter and (proto-) neutron stars
An extended PNJL model locates the QCD critical end point and predicts that proto-neutron stars contain hyperons and Delta-isobars but no deconfined quarks, which appear only in cold neutron stars.
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QCD vacuum pressure and its influence on the equation of state of non-strange quark stars
In the modified NJL model, low vacuum pressure with a first-order chiral transition supports massive non-strange quark stars consistent with pulsar data while high vacuum pressure with crossover is ruled out, constraining current quark mass to 4.08-4.13 MeV and suggesting GW170817 could involve such
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Two Lectures on the Phase Diagram of QCD
QCD features at least three phases at zero baryon density and three at high density, including a Quarkyonic phase at high density and low temperature, described via large-N_c and a parameter-free 3D string model.
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Emergent chiral spin symmetry, non-perturbative dynamics and thermoparticles in hot QCD
Lattice data indicate hot QCD features an intermediate phase with emergent chiral spin symmetry and thermoparticles as thermal constituents, differing from perturbative expectations.
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Matter And Gravitation In Collisions of heavy ions and neutron stars: equation of state
A unified QCD equation of state is advocated for neutron star mergers and heavy ion collisions so that gravitational wave signals and lab flow/fluctuation data can jointly constrain the phase structure of dense matter.
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Phase transitions in neutron stars and their links to gravitational waves
Review of neutron star dense matter, hadron-quark phase transitions, and potential g-mode signatures in gravitational waves from multimessenger observations.