Certain 3-manifolds are characterized by Morse functions with regular levels consisting only of spheres, tori, or Klein bottles.
Milnor, Morse Theory , Annals of Mathematic Studies AM-51, Princeton University Press; 1st Edition (1963.5.1)
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Morse functions with regular level sets consisting of $2$-dimensional spheres, $2$-dimensional tori, or Klein Bottles
Certain 3-manifolds are characterized by Morse functions with regular levels consisting only of spheres, tori, or Klein bottles.