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arxiv: 2503.17478 · v2 · pith:DUYK7HPYnew · submitted 2025-03-21 · 🌌 astro-ph.GA

A stellar dynamical mass measurement of an inactive black hole at redshift 2

Andrew B. Newman , Meng Gu , Sirio Belli , Richard S. Ellis , Sai Gangula , Jenny E. Greene , Jonelle L. Walsh , Sherry H. Suyu
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Sebastian Ertl Gabriel Caminha Giovanni Granata Claudio Grillo Stefan Schuldt Tania M. Barone Simeon Bird Karl Glazebrook Marziye Jafariyazani Mariska Kriek Allison Matthews Takahiro Morishita Themiya Nanayakkara Justin D. R. Pierel Ana Acebr\'on Pietro Bergamini Sangjun Cha Jose M. Diego Nicholas Foo Brenda Frye Yoshinobu Fudamoto M. James Jee Patrick S. Kamieneski Anton M. Koekemoer Asish K. Meena Shun Nishida Masamune Oguri Piero Rosati Adi Zitrin
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.GA
keywords blackholemassgalaxystellarbulletcorrelationsdynamical
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Supermassive black holes and their host galaxies grow together over time, producing correlations between the black hole mass and various galaxy properties. Determining the evolution of these correlations requires precise measurements of the masses of distant black holes. We observe the gravitationally lensed quiescent galaxy MRG-M0138, at redshift 1.95, using JWST integral field spectroscopy to spatially resolve the kinematics of stars within the black hole's sphere of influence. By using a foreground lens model and fitting stellar dynamical models, we determine the mass of its inactive black hole, $M_{\bullet}=6.0^{+2.1}_{-1.7}\times10^9$ solar masses. Comparing this measurement to local galaxies, we find that $M_{\bullet}$ is higher than expected given the galaxy's bulge mass, but consistent with the correlation with stellar velocity dispersion.

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