Observation of three-dimensional bulk Fermi surfaces for a strongly correlated material by soft x-ray hν-dependent (700-860 eV) ARPES

Three-dimensional Fermi surfaces at a high temperature have been clarified for a strongly correlated Ce compound, ferromagnet CeRu$_2$Ge$_2$ in the paramagnetic phase, by virtue of a soft x-ray $h\nu$-dependent (700-860 eV) ARPES. Although the observed Fermi surfaces as well as quasiparticle dispersions are partly explained by a band-structure calculation based on a localized $4f$ model, qualitative discrepancy in experiments, between our APRES in the paramagnetic phase and de Haas-van Alphen measurement in the ferromagnetic phase, is revealed. This suggests a fundamental change in the $4f$ contribution to the Fermi surfaces across the magnetic phase transition widely seen for Ce compounds.