{"as_of":"2026-08-08T09:30:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:751a1020e467d92bb776316a56bec4201b120e45f6f8857b19506963f025e10b","coverage":[{"denominator":0,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":2,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":2,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":2,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":2,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:24:23.989237Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"arxiv_reference","source_observed_at":"2026-05-12T06:26:23.260929Z","state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1904.02095","last_updated":"2019-09-12T17:46:16Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T07:43:41.116480Z","submitted_at":"2019-04-03T16:40:41Z","title":"Discrimination through optimization: How Facebook's ad delivery can lead to skewed outcomes","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1904.02095","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:24:23.989237Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.08117","last_updated":"2025-06-09T18:18:08Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:16:54.880821Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T18:18:08Z","title":"We Are AI: Taking Control of Technology","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:24:23.989237Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1904.02095","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.08117"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1010aa1a593e42c30b7ee8b61bfbbe9d285ddf4551dfff72f0e2bce8c3b898fb","observation_id":"cfd94a30-a734-4fb3-aba1-13ad4d2fdaf1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:24:23.989237Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1904.02095","last_updated":"2019-09-12T17:46:16Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T07:43:41.116480Z","submitted_at":"2019-04-03T16:40:41Z","title":"Discrimination through optimization: How Facebook's ad delivery can lead to skewed outcomes","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"1904.02095","doi":null,"metadata_source":"arxiv_reference","pith_arxiv_id":"1904.02095","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-06-05T21:23:00.469572Z","title":"Discrimination through Optimization","venue":null,"work_id":"7b24849f-850c-4ec0-8e31-2985893d0ddf","year":1904},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2605.09471","last_updated":"2026-05-10T10:56:59Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T20:10:28.703944Z","submitted_at":"2026-05-10T10:56:59Z","title":"The Statistical Cost of Adaptation in Multi-Source Transfer Learning","version":1},"reference_index":146,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-05-12T04:19:05.837824Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1904.02095","citing_paper":"/paper/2605.09471"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f206d1244e6146a2739cbc84b9f6bbd608c5d69f6a02f89bcfb1e9be18005fe5","observation_id":"057d7362-385d-4558-b397-52baebb6f1c9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-05-12T06:26:23.263644Z","resolver_source":"arxiv_id","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/1904.02095/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/1904.02095/integrity","json":"/paper/1904.02095/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/1904.02095"},"outbound":[],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"1904.02095","last_updated":"2019-09-12T17:46:16Z","latest_version":5,"primary_category":"cs.CY","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T07:43:41.116480Z","submitted_at":"2019-04-03T16:40:41Z","title":"Discrimination through optimization: How Facebook's ad delivery can lead to skewed outcomes"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":0,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":0,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":0},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1904.02095."}