{"as_of":"2026-08-15T00:30:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:68fdebceb211b3e59378f88c1ed38a01de09f2a109b3b06ac4b0833b4e22069c","coverage":[{"denominator":16,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":16,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.123978Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":16,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":16,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/1908.06361/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/1908.06361/integrity","json":"/paper/1908.06361/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.064935Z","title":"URL: \" 'urlintro :=","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.064935Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1cffe3f68979d1542f8671d0a2990932c985911de931c2d3c905e346463ebe29","observation_id":"9230ffd2-679c-4566-82fd-39389eee3b2a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.064935Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.069651Z","title":"write newline","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.069651Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:94b94676ba2b8c53c45361906347a9d36419165ca21ca425823d295cace03e1f","observation_id":"61bb8585-de77-4751-a961-78ce7a25374e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.069651Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.274655Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8dbee241-23dd-4d88-b568-32896b8ce1a9","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.073368Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5eba24871626e77c8c112426bdf7363bae45b3cd9da8e1481a9e359f8268a93c","observation_id":"e856ca61-2c7b-4100-ba40-babf3262b0df","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.278958Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.077298Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.077298Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:121bafca93fd4972db9f628274a48821b3a1b1bad045e22c9f0c72c3c4c586c0","observation_id":"86bb9527-fecc-49ff-89b6-c04f8d278fba","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.077298Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.081479Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.081479Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a2b0aa43c24c0182af2e279561459fc720e91bfdf2e893860b4c8642a9333a5d","observation_id":"1b7048af-0749-4f5b-827d-c0fbea1e3cab","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.081479Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.085026Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.085026Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4e9d23623c337cd613cb30dc19a64879db18472559dfcf81eb09ac33bc569f9c","observation_id":"20b9cb4e-bac9-457e-9725-18ab14d8c32d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.085026Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.243777Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d7619e54-0f9f-48a9-92d7-44f1d5fa7da6","year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.088751Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:06596229ecaa1f525826f3ec8b1d617b922938e55b5a8bba196ac36d6e9f8ebb","observation_id":"c036ea6d-75a9-4df3-afef-6fe9946af300","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.247652Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1810.04882","last_updated":"2019-08-12T04:04:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T18:16:22.944879Z","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T08:08:40Z","title":"Towards Understanding Linear Word Analogies","version":7},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1810.04882","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.092592Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.092592Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1810.04882","citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7a9ced0bc9b6a0d63f5a2ce9e3cf9c1b39f6c8cd8c529b222a0148590a0b20b4","observation_id":"c67f628e-fcea-4ba6-a551-e57c1826debf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.092592Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1903.03862","last_updated":"2019-09-24T07:43:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T17:04:50.375128Z","submitted_at":"2019-03-09T19:56:47Z","title":"Lipstick on a Pig: Debiasing Methods Cover up Systematic Gender Biases in Word Embeddings But do not Remove Them","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1903.03862","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.096747Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.096747Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1903.03862","citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a75e11474d244ee6b3411923068c0e812c09e5ee8dcb67f12e835e43191fe50b","observation_id":"740a6b55-b23a-40f8-b0d6-714c5dfda2d6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.096747Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.232491Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5957127e-ff33-4341-9aa7-694233066d1c","year":1997},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.100647Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:350837fb19ee99c33ad6cfb6fcc57aec6e50f68c0d1c7a21d8bcaa6b33cb80c6","observation_id":"e2640746-da11-49d7-88cb-0acb5a0cf7f7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.235949Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.104468Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.104468Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2d657eb14e720acc02b18a1ae791d0a062aa7fcdb56f30634e9071fbac3aae4b","observation_id":"bea3f19c-7662-4705-8c0f-563eb4cd8919","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.104468Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.212312Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"0e6576ff-1d67-421d-b1c8-78eaaf6f9691","year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.108151Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e5a6bdd658883912fb3360876776644b28940d8610e7ad46c1b5afc93a3b3d04","observation_id":"b571c3ba-634b-4113-93c8-22617b4edc8f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.216116Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.112177Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.112177Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:10a530153c84f19a53a27fa6b01f4c035e4b4563f6488bfaea7ccc699d0141e8","observation_id":"bdea6d60-7237-4204-96b3-f381ec860d3f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.112177Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.192735Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"84731bd6-f849-4ab3-bf55-88f73eea0133","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.115760Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e5a74e932d1ca0b27259b7fcf3fb6828bf0d4a8fbfdec035f1dd3a1fd237cba1","observation_id":"dce9a074-5136-4967-a9ab-293e20eae307","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.197234Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.119606Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.119606Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2b8ff6155f8c911984cf3f473e8abbaa634ae0aa2bca6d6ae9b7899a28862319","observation_id":"ad5feaed-710c-4ff6-9043-906df066d015","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.119606Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.172455Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"9acdc030-e972-4538-8f8c-2f12e9022312","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.123978Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/1908.06361"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9b2ce9507bd51c60531039c02a00558937938f525e93e07882d873129c6ac534","observation_id":"ac724bfa-f828-41e1-8fc4-6d6644469b9b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:54:14.178012Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"1908.06361","last_updated":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-14T12:45:42.221956Z","submitted_at":"2019-08-18T01:28:45Z","title":"Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding Associations"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":16,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":16,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":16},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-14T06:32:18.44784+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 16 of 16 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.06361."}