{"as_of":"2026-08-20T08:42:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:aec9c92ff669f97c2f6962bf1b5a16e9a618e926e2e5302b719737ca354750cb","coverage":[{"denominator":73,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":73,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.887420Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":73,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":73,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2411.08248/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2411.08248/integrity","json":"/paper/2411.08248/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.752064Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b637e9d2-2fc2-4c5e-8daf-0532f20a4e17","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.626191Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:974de8f51f516ec6a37717aa40abbc269754bd248d242d4b1084cfeb79224aed","observation_id":"e33bcb98-c417-4076-8061-6dea70bdb847","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.756017Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1409.0473","last_updated":"2016-05-19T21:53:22Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-18T12:17:42.484599Z","submitted_at":"2014-09-01T16:33:02Z","title":"Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate","version":7},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1409.0473","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.630715Z","title":"CoRR abs/1409.0473 (2014)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.630715Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1409.0473","citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c7265aaeaa574279c9a4c1550c500b06b3fe2e64cf5aa7aea2952d888821f258","observation_id":"d0c8092c-bc3d-434b-9676-5e493981ffce","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.630715Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.738528Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a4ec8ac3-b1a0-4a85-98eb-d72bae87ff5e","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.635030Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:240de64a8a477c8f282ca7e7ca2fd298a8e62e2cfa315b32a33c51182d20a952","observation_id":"00029872-bed1-45c5-9576-8cade1e0dc60","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.742856Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.639453Z","title":"In: Larochelle, H., Ranzato, M., Hadsell, R., Balcan, M., Lin, H","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.639453Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48661dd88e8a1b25c1a7b155b7b8341d2d344398d1511a440780ae9fb2505b17","observation_id":"10c5af41-4d71-4cc8-8c63-cb1b373b7f43","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.639453Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.716862Z","title":"In: Goldberg, Y., Kozareva, Z., Zhang, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"b089e22a-fdc7-4bf4-97ad-e3a7e8604136","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.644015Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c11a74a934e5f938ead6227eed428ef4bb23442dda79a8eafc8e32b208521ec9","observation_id":"8cf79b5c-0c00-4f2a-a145-6fd0fd4a816b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.720918Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.705646Z","title":"In: Burstein, J., Doran, C., Solorio, T","venue":null,"work_id":"b379af37-46b5-4024-b483-abcf97dfc4b3","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.648118Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3686648abe5de0df0b8f019a0ead828ae748cc98f515c089a5e08b9519c5d9f3","observation_id":"76d447c4-8b94-4e37-8187-360b7738f0c2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.709550Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.682326Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Compu- tational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies","venue":null,"work_id":"9596829f-a82e-47ac-b196-04862a80065d","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.656348Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:805f90996fe621b153db19493cac11c142c6a01821cf32cafe33521bae362591","observation_id":"ee32c4ac-9949-486a-be34-764b1f19fa57","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.686519Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.671032Z","title":"In: International conference on machine learning for cyber security","venue":null,"work_id":"b7e7f7da-66fd-44a6-ab2e-df05a442954d","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.660090Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3c59679789c3e90f3c91d4ad0a661e6a017639351510998638c170f808c2df69","observation_id":"9203c1dd-d0ca-4268-b409-e9f790251568","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.674955Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.659644Z","title":"In: Inter- national conference on natural language processing and knowledge engineering,","venue":null,"work_id":"b8615d1c-d490-4a23-b931-8d7250534d6d","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.663821Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9675963fe41ce1ec26d9f2216f90636a86f65f25e0b073722ad97a3942005083","observation_id":"1a10c431-da80-488d-a86d-e2a41f459997","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.664082Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.635269Z","title":"In: Gurevych, I., Miyao, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"5cc3a524-e5ee-4492-be09-f73255411265","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.671399Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:58bbffacc7a9daef588083e58abb0ef6b64d7472abe26cf28b5d4f727cca5f8a","observation_id":"5bbeefb1-9e63-4f19-ae76-052a022dba1b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.639216Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.623162Z","title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 32(10), 4291–4308 (Oct 2021) 22","venue":null,"work_id":"d01e04af-f515-49f0-8ed8-f89439d44056","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.674919Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:80bf1572144b43e31b914c6bec55155e7b54e1aeb24d5c225cef099c97d8a897","observation_id":"98496d8b-2310-456c-9911-7db722a466a6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.627309Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.611451Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Nat- ural Language Processing (EMNLP)","venue":null,"work_id":"79b04d6a-c7f3-4b2d-8896-4cbac9294079","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.678626Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:05fd04ec6f523e70a5006bd758a28578b6e9b9a26578eaa5790fa354c5836e45","observation_id":"21fac6bc-bee4-4e5a-8b1c-b1d2ed754d8b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.615993Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.599487Z","title":"ACM Computing Surveys 55(14s), 1–39 (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":"8a54dfe9-3294-45e8-9662-ad35c14b095a","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.682227Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e117926b87c4329e83fdea9b1257d1aa911cf2d27dd074bb185be59e0e9424de","observation_id":"a45a7b36-817f-4b74-a1dc-53e239eff7fe","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.603732Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.587271Z","title":"In: Carpuat, M., de Marneffe, M.C., Meza Ruiz, I.V","venue":null,"work_id":"2c3ac459-20f4-4458-888e-657bca6eb6f8","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.685784Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:33ba94ffa87413300cb627af5937ef19ae83968e77144352250d558609ddf226","observation_id":"3167d973-729e-47a1-ba62-416f637536ce","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.591166Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.573978Z","title":"Security and Privacy5(3), e209 (2022)","venue":null,"work_id":"38cef854-91ff-4dff-a2df-c33f01dead5f","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.689062Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:10a48d03e7ab8d5e7d91951d1f9440fd0e5b3b013da64a634351e1679add4307","observation_id":"f6f4c8f1-a924-4f75-96ac-ba3088f8974e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.578033Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.562600Z","title":"In: Walker, M., Ji, H., Stent, A","venue":null,"work_id":"f5bc546e-6bb0-4a05-95d3-362f2f277859","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.692605Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9054f8f6476a1690fb58a4aab9d3d9b7a14293c097457b126b80abcf5b444acb","observation_id":"f55e521c-58f6-45f2-8813-d4120688a371","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.566501Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.551097Z","title":"In: Palmer, M., Hwa, R., Riedel, S","venue":null,"work_id":"f12c7c5c-ca50-41c6-a991-e513a8ba600b","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.696062Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:420df3271128dcc2680f472ffff6217ba3bb911cfdb6df44859b7d7696ce5a9a","observation_id":"fb217290-e894-416b-b000-292edf6b2f4e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.555124Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.539599Z","title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34(05), 8018–8025 (Apr 2020)","venue":null,"work_id":"e4fa0100-7ca3-4f42-b17a-147065e5c326","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.699585Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:867fea7f0b1026eee014c8849e51066b9c6f544f7dfe58f733004d2c8b17f2c9","observation_id":"7e9fdd80-3a7f-4f18-b121-01dcf88144f3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.543539Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.528625Z","title":"Applied Sciences 11(14), 6421 (2021)","venue":null,"work_id":"a0aa95b1-943d-4b9f-b748-ed0c39f317bb","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.702891Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9aa8f018b377e15119b2125f8b4bef182b4207609261f6a02186c6cec79bcd36","observation_id":"06388442-80c6-4545-a0f7-94264ad0acd5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.532389Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.517775Z","title":"(eds.) Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning","venue":null,"work_id":"fa7574ae-3235-4b46-8078-1bf60aec8f9e","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.706436Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bcb783097cc3d2c47c7d0231cfacec32609ceddb57f7890ebaa3e327fd06b537","observation_id":"e22c0786-13e8-4c26-b410-d1fcaf7d6d48","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.521930Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.506812Z","title":"In: Cohn, T., He, Y., Liu, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"7934ccc9-b2ef-4b0f-9548-5f850597bc06","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.709867Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bbbf3db38a14086b2e88631afd51651502fb8b5b8e341470c3d3118031dac287","observation_id":"c0a67928-c364-41ad-aff9-7529444a54aa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.510846Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1911.02365","last_updated":"2019-11-06T13:23:41Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T08:35:07.322038Z","submitted_at":"2019-11-06T13:23:41Z","title":"Learning to Answer by Learning to Ask: Getting the Best of GPT-2 and BERT Worlds","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"1911.02365","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"1911.02365","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.960456Z","title":"Learning to Answer by Learning to Ask: Getting the Best of GPT-2 and BERT Worlds","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"420445e4-63f6-45d1-bb82-ae80ae3aa0e9","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.713188Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1911.02365","citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ce2a2b16fd4235673ab1e027b34b0c86d07877633d2ff1527e86ddf34f761476","observation_id":"72d9f1f8-d5c3-4dbe-98a9-267f0fd37792","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.964765Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.495420Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Designing Interactive Systems","venue":null,"work_id":"7a9429f4-985f-4436-946c-033f2e6786d6","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.716957Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0e5bf9f3b6a4e2d808b488a222ce7ac21e660f0bf98cc618905d8e68172a0fad","observation_id":"c49c8461-ef31-42f3-b29d-d69927add237","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.499387Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.484210Z","title":"In: Webber, B., Cohn, T., He, Y., Liu, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"ca441120-ce14-4af6-86c7-227d572d6bfa","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.720210Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:08115e6b00c660a38ae388563ba3a9e77c6e336f3d6e849a7fbe13af0fe54630","observation_id":"afd8b930-8a61-4a24-8580-ab6a7943b4c3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.488144Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.472942Z","title":"Transac- tions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 6, 317–328 (2018)","venue":null,"work_id":"61ed9e75-4558-444e-8f75-869d2f1daa9c","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.723486Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0941ce92da3e7ba7b359b9865082a7e8d6f453340214f2f86b841f4d44aee533","observation_id":"2b1e1a5b-cdce-4064-965c-0f0b856aa660","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.477072Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.460785Z","title":"In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2020)","venue":null,"work_id":"9e19239b-4244-4946-9630-caac139dcbe7","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.727144Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c4befe4d41faabaa229d7a9c1139d940855f0aa20e3f61b793ba9d710487ff6e","observation_id":"ea3143af-f3f8-4782-a839-5340f2d240e7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.465172Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.447109Z","title":"In: Jurafsky, D., Chai, J., Schluter, N., Tetreault, J","venue":null,"work_id":"a34233a6-7b35-4044-9db7-003e5bfaf281","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.730399Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b35997ea27e3ecf97e58a8f1b3509c960690f0a3da568324977eabe717a1b772","observation_id":"cf51b692-bf2f-4479-a874-a9d7eca25a72","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.451591Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.433945Z","title":"In: Toutanova, K., Rumshisky, A., Zettlemoyer, L., Hakkani-Tur, D., Beltagy, I., Bethard, S., Cot- terell, R., Chakraborty, T., Zhou, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"5ff04a15-05a3-44cf-b987-4eb46d98710f","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.733834Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bf798f47a11378cbcdea61acbb64558d054b3bb653951256ae4d613c042f89f2","observation_id":"ddc15445-a315-42cb-83cd-dbd38802c184","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.438495Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.421652Z","title":"In: Proceedings 2019 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","venue":null,"work_id":"c25944a4-608d-49d7-8eb4-bc2408a1d5e9","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.737329Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c4454a4d4017a9cd392ce725456cb0a736874c6430695f118d656a389a61eb7a","observation_id":"f58015ef-77d6-4307-bc54-9e83c0c84a0a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.425842Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.409380Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","venue":null,"work_id":"393eefd0-61cf-4522-a17c-a40d8c067957","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.740821Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7b0dc93d6ca1bd14a0ef008ba8fae92527a63b1c9f0b2f6f5fcc385ca5b822c6","observation_id":"c8014b92-cd34-4d81-8eab-86b3e6d1d981","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.413802Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.397551Z","title":"In: Webber, B., Cohn, T., He, Y., Liu, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"61f8c11c-7826-464f-ab8c-33a122eb8353","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.744412Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df9ded9fed4d38f0c65f6b3cb5bcc1f1f10fbb2592330a532be5aa5c8c392f54","observation_id":"9be5b6b9-23f7-41df-96bb-76968c103930","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.401422Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.385461Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","venue":null,"work_id":"bbe977b4-7a81-4be6-adf9-742df0056efc","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.748356Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:38be9070a52e67c6a897c4b48af5cc7e3c47a6303d07a6f60ae8f27ad576578a","observation_id":"b1640f6d-6652-4522-ac99-4f6d90d4af65","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.389440Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.752025Z","title":"In: Text summarization branches out","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2004},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.752025Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f3f52011ce10d3078eb34dded2921c34f18189efb8168edb9948d2c72d427169","observation_id":"fd7fe3b8-f8c1-4b11-9ba2-ee55cd396a6e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.752025Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.366136Z","title":"In: M` arquez, L., Callison-Burch, C., Su, J","venue":null,"work_id":"afd04e42-4991-4b2a-80d8-fe8f8f7cf107","year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.755825Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a7dd4b6dd93eaacaf2094cc1f1458d11d5f9e9bc896c4edd27ea0e40596e88d3","observation_id":"1bc25137-0ff2-4d2c-a980-bfb7f3cf5bf5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.370040Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.353094Z","title":"Computer Science Review 48, 100552 (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":"98c596a8-a5fb-4db0-9b0c-6a3a26fc839b","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.759618Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:21804870f58025ab863b760b2be43fce693db0128d558efbf83e2e2d9d147262","observation_id":"006b97ff-631a-4c09-9d2a-f44b6f06ed88","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.357200Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.341088Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) (2013)","venue":null,"work_id":"ea585ae7-b96e-432f-a2cb-da4d9ef8ffae","year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.763126Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:79a5ae7465e8ce41e07c86347ddd9e52c0f8b0de24cbfd7ec6fb3ef4ab87037f","observation_id":"d6931b40-a587-4fa0-8f54-3e0f4ae18a08","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.345012Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.329888Z","title":"In: Speech and Natural Language: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at Harriman, New York, February 23-26, 1992 (1992)","venue":null,"work_id":"58f27b58-a411-4472-a88e-8bba1c758481","year":1992},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.766470Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ce54c6d83de0886ed26d84e327f0fd5ab50526c349242ab97640d8fc89bc45b8","observation_id":"889d1e17-ce06-4bb7-9c38-c07e5a85436a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.334044Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.318686Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 16th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Lin- guistics: Main Volume","venue":null,"work_id":"3cf1853f-8be5-4e2c-8fb9-d1893c097e80","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.769992Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8ad3924c45a1b70fab6669832fab678307fba6d34adcbae2005e05fbc26e98aa","observation_id":"4bbd7c11-6296-49b7-be39-011693ee747e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.322534Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.306777Z","title":"GRIN Verlag (2003)","venue":null,"work_id":"064f1c6f-92b3-424b-aa09-53a4f0b29014","year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.773445Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a8bde48bd51af5fed7421f6f274c15cd2ed7eeca5f4df5787f1b34f287e439a0","observation_id":"d8209fa0-a53a-4a57-b2b0-2a3c0e874573","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.311093Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.294276Z","title":"In: 2018 IEEE 15th International Conference on e-Business Engineering (ICEBE)","venue":null,"work_id":"9117b769-eef8-4c2b-8711-13ded7832eca","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.776914Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:789572c5f6ce2a9b32222ce3a306ad69a0b566e78c5327d0432de7e454aa4eb2","observation_id":"64e7cb10-1bd4-408f-995a-13e3693d4dd0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.298879Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.780426Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 40th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2002},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.780426Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d8e40c2a4216a69970e7fba10b4600e40c7a40d6fd30eaf449ee5cc5ec692755","observation_id":"4df199e5-3a54-4c43-8767-5e737297ae77","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.780426Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.783904Z","title":"OpenAI blog 1(8), 9 (2019)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.783904Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:11dee88bee729997cfda21bcb6658a08d4d969ebc25a755b38b3268c0bb0bf80","observation_id":"5c93deb3-ea43-4a6e-90cb-de48cfa3677a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.783904Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.787303Z","title":"Journal of machine learning research 21(140), 1–67 (2020)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.787303Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a3d00b200bf9d25c843333118e0e6df6aae7173be7f89e68e91a4501800c1852","observation_id":"ce4a7af2-7773-4435-ba2e-d3e2e8e9581d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.787303Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.262814Z","title":"In: Gurevych, I., Miyao, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"c7bf6d29-448a-4997-b305-84cd1603646b","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.790721Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ca23e4935f6790d5bf6f57254bad8f0d0855000f9c3b9137626e90cdd4ec6f66","observation_id":"0ef003b1-8d3d-4e65-b4f1-48dbc601834f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.266574Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.251388Z","title":"In: Su, J., Duh, K., Carreras, X","venue":null,"work_id":"96f90568-7616-4625-a6cd-57d564a9ecff","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.794007Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a3ff5d18c6447cb77879adcfc01c0fba2098c8fea3987740436aee90b9c53491","observation_id":"3deea6ae-1f4a-4313-a396-883f74c1bbd4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.255333Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.240386Z","title":"In: Korhonen, A., Traum, D., M` arquez, L","venue":null,"work_id":"4920c9e8-6a08-4cae-a8b4-1c2a723e2846","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.797407Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e2feaff7c102a1e1ed292ae6f42ad859860286bc82572947d179f006a5e7263f","observation_id":"cc35f6d3-ef32-41ff-92d3-e2c6fc720db9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.244198Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2104.07646","last_updated":"2021-04-15T17:55:09Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T18:31:17.876179Z","submitted_at":"2021-04-15T17:55:09Z","title":"Are Multilingual BERT models robust? A Case Study on Adversarial Attacks for Multilingual Question Answering","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2104.07646","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2104.07646","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.941620Z","title":"Are Multilingual BERT models robust? A Case Study on Adversarial Attacks for Multilingual Question Answering","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"bd210773-6e09-4b32-873b-459a1ce3d0b8","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.800911Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2104.07646","citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:93b453662d47ae133fbecf9c44434c1996ca6a22b5b9148efd673999711a74c3","observation_id":"75c69e6f-6331-49b4-8431-88687cd63ba5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.948124Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.229280Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 5th Work- shop on Energy Efficient Machine Learning and Cognitive Computing","venue":null,"work_id":"670fdca5-2f2c-4ace-bc73-9ca18a11ad30","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.804835Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a4dd1ebd8ecc3fa05660e1ade189a53543b2b611afc419a95c61cbfdeeb93b62","observation_id":"e77bc48e-fb63-4641-9201-035b284ab244","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.232925Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.217967Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Knowledge Augmented Methods for NLP (KnowledgeNLP) at AAAI 2023 (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":"1e7d32b9-d23e-4ff5-b9c3-af7c4c318ea5","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.808397Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ce00bcbf363aa260a6b726f25bad39a03b01e1c10a3c63de94c63934481fca58","observation_id":"5bf7a221-e66c-4469-bfbc-20811a062789","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.221822Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.206691Z","title":"Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences 32(6), 635–646 (2020)","venue":null,"work_id":"2bd57ac2-0852-42c3-b942-5b475e190f3b","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.812064Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b1c7d578f3c5bda57efe9c0222ccde3a7bc1aaa779faf175e316f87c3a108341","observation_id":"0f636f1b-8379-4066-93e5-8e29aae573b1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.210717Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.194777Z","title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33, 3008–3021 (2020)","venue":null,"work_id":"fb72a320-082a-4424-b02d-ae48c8ed367a","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.815520Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:aa79ed81f71ec2a46a34c6b9002ac86317b800924ecdfc85705fd67c14605e98","observation_id":"9bb41dca-53cd-4b9c-8d27-0ac6d6cd5c04","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.198833Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.183347Z","title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 35(4), 3367–3388 (2021)","venue":null,"work_id":"d1d56900-c603-4bca-96c5-18df1ef84e0d","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":52,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.818933Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f0f96f8eec89daff17c2e1dc94453d754baa0fc1818e0456c9f678188f91adbc","observation_id":"6562c45c-4652-4ac5-9616-2eb57a26bf42","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.187195Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.171753Z","title":"In: Korhonen, A., Traum, D., M` arquez, L","venue":null,"work_id":"4ac1c056-c575-48fd-a3d1-88b08ca78509","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":53,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.822232Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e3325e0ea6d10f0f53a2b40570420ba421be76587315c84f7f78e0dcfab9d061","observation_id":"022300a5-4373-4bf4-84d2-319d2e1f320a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.175479Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.160023Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology - Volume 1","venue":null,"work_id":"cb612744-c3f5-4b18-9ecd-298a42a0a263","year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":54,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.825809Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:087a0c15427fe9acb98cb64be8d785979960413fef3ba9f3149128c8fd41fb9e","observation_id":"63102dbb-7e22-4910-a147-de94f44de690","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.164363Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.147562Z","title":"In: Blunsom, P., Bordes, A., Cho, K., Cohen, S., Dyer, C., Grefenstette, E., Hermann, K.M., Rimell, L., Weston, J., Yih, S","venue":null,"work_id":"04c5a1f9-eb14-4b72-9064-5aaab30c94bb","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.829273Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9ef194cc54448f4d1adc811c7d50c45ae58e505976da0abe00a3083bce2fc6e9","observation_id":"94049d9d-f02c-4588-9e1e-3754456a02e4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.152003Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.135067Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP)","venue":null,"work_id":"a011163f-1d51-4838-bfd4-15133f0b69ab","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":56,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.832623Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a73b6adace8f784dba05c69d117214d911d9e761d2050a8a1370b84e6f22158c","observation_id":"38123b2b-fe69-42db-b5c4-6724a183f117","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.139141Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.111439Z","title":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 7, 387–401 (2019)","venue":null,"work_id":"760e3df0-c465-479d-97c1-37c639faf0e4","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":57,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.839865Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a2b429b24a3349980254fe1f390a9fb8be1ac0ebaf74b74072577c55bd207fcc","observation_id":"93526147-b2f4-40da-928d-90524865c749","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.115601Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.099598Z","title":"In: Webber, B., Cohn, 26 T., He, Y., Liu, Y","venue":null,"work_id":"3a8a4527-a2ff-4a9f-9e93-661694fee527","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":58,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.843504Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5140f36bbe0beb110a736961dbfb7d5ccfbd66904212c64f2163343a49ec7c66","observation_id":"a2553c7d-07a8-4319-b165-7962e8f1df15","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.103475Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2206.15030","last_updated":"2022-06-30T05:53:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T16:49:21.537343Z","submitted_at":"2022-06-30T05:53:56Z","title":"Modern Question Answering Datasets and Benchmarks: A Survey","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2206.15030","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.847082Z","title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2206.15030 (2022)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":59,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.847082Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2206.15030","citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cc01eb7381ad3a4266a18a6880074440a7f0ee66b582b3d626297d134f02fbb7","observation_id":"86850ca1-4843-4842-b521-a9bfa419eb70","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.847082Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.088215Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8a539b79-4326-4b8c-861b-f85e34fa7152","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":60,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.850932Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:71098b9eacb5c2cff0b8d66cffe13a3e5df0e46a34ab23d2194517def979882e","observation_id":"ad46984f-17eb-479d-9773-91ab60e1b969","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.092010Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.854617Z","title":"In: International conference on machine learning","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":61,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.854617Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:69405dc3b10d9dfa379d0cb4c88fa245ca6c0d7e4b0a8c6f92a83b9d42ebd5e3","observation_id":"c107b0f8-9369-45ce-b255-28f551dc798c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.854617Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.068721Z","title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal 8(6), 4980–4990 (2020)","venue":null,"work_id":"cf4341b1-70a6-461b-8364-ea67d48ab431","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":62,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.858364Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:531d007ad6cf5df82b56ee5d88b8972fa8e5a0b095d4510f2c1ccf1ea41ec04c","observation_id":"7a9f2ad2-1286-43f1-9379-1126d43a14b7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.073041Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.057158Z","title":"In: Walker, M., Ji, H., Stent, A","venue":null,"work_id":"768fbebc-51e7-4433-bb2e-af7fc7576f61","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":63,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.861951Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e8b3119aba6342cd7b361bcd2e53c4a8ef53d815817e7b5915d27f97dc2aa05c","observation_id":"09933176-987c-4643-bbef-dec138208a02","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.061154Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.045036Z","title":"Knowledge and Information Systems 66, 7165–7204 (2024)","venue":null,"work_id":"9c6d2b18-981b-4142-865a-3e8df0cba9c8","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":64,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.865450Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:22cf899e39c7413d3b52f7e0049aca0f0c5518644c955bb78915de3452bb88c2","observation_id":"f9aa9af5-71d2-4b22-9413-fcf744d5a400","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.049309Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.031880Z","title":"In: Jurafsky, D., Chai, J., Schluter, N., Tetreault, J","venue":null,"work_id":"e5ff7d71-9e35-49f5-8fd1-b99212a8cc76","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":65,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.869116Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:56b305b305a90da19902b6f64a2d61838dc03e0a0c1f524130bfb8933f6c7810","observation_id":"8b8bbfde-f4aa-415e-b2ff-b33bfb47ddcb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.036005Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.020335Z","title":"In: Jurafsky, D., Chai, J., Schluter, N., Tetreault, J","venue":null,"work_id":"3487c1a2-637e-49c5-9730-a83aafd750f2","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":66,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.872700Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6d809e22da24a982d7b9b79c82937327bb71327686f07a435b01bb1fd98e1589","observation_id":"6535cc4c-760b-456b-bb82-71529450a93f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.024249Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.008096Z","title":"Computational Linguistics 49(2), 395–427 (jun 2023)","venue":null,"work_id":"b874f8c3-f276-4708-986c-857d7b4b9dd6","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":67,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.876438Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ddc38af51bf142906edd0f2f4e8dff516bd9548da42c3c2301fcf3f691f370db","observation_id":"c8ccbc21-9bba-45b2-a0da-09593bbfd95e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.012663Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.996311Z","title":"In: International conference on machine learning","venue":null,"work_id":"72a7bfe5-fe76-4f37-a935-3d99289c8160","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":68,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.880063Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7d7b027b8e8384ecad22599e9a4dee3257205ca945fc8797996db608fe0ab342","observation_id":"7cb9d81b-3cbd-4abf-886e-ff375d9429db","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.000165Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2101.00774","last_updated":"2021-05-08T16:16:50Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T18:54:30.765639Z","submitted_at":"2021-01-04T04:47:46Z","title":"Retrieving and Reading: A Comprehensive Survey on Open-domain Question Answering","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2101.00774","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.883600Z","title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.00774 (2021)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":69,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.883600Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2101.00774","citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:22038431e5f1ed730504e5dc099c19d70f96de5506d3fc9139bde5a7da62010f","observation_id":"ec4bc0e2-c0d2-44de-b0cc-2010caa8c2b6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.883600Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.984540Z","title":"In: Li, S., Sun, M., Liu, Y., Wu, H., Liu, K., Che, W., He, S., Rao, G","venue":null,"work_id":"11a771a2-f377-4974-9b0c-d92c713f4291","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":70,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.887420Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1c9cd2e82eb02682760cddf4b735544aa0a24a5846843d8fb0df15d8fe912d02","observation_id":"7118e685-7f3f-4674-880e-466ff5d01011","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.988785Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.648248Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"65a0d559-dbf6-46dc-9d9d-0b0adeeee219","year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":2003,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.667400Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5b8fcb9e552de2b09e8e93ceaa84cd9b0a9beea02ecbd535c6f6cd8bc115a104","observation_id":"357460dc-2f02-4915-92a0-558959b7c1cd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.652281Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.123446Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"e1003dcc-2848-477a-86ac-d5fbb6dc4329","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":2162,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.836176Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48a6ac435d00cdfbe0eb287e6b4bc59bea6ddee0bc660f0ed84be7fe2c0adc46","observation_id":"7e48a468-416f-495a-be49-68780e35bc6a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.127372Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.694084Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"2af2b4d9-51cf-4edc-9c4d-018ae809d104","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach","version":1},"reference_index":2936,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:05.652598Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2411.08248"},"observation_digest":"sha256:52bc4c3c0701953b6a9ea9b795debb8ad052012b420552159f8d7c23d7453120","observation_id":"43b1fa60-a7cd-41a2-8898-9dbcd1898b67","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T21:53:06.697862Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2411.08248","last_updated":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T21:12:27.786439Z","submitted_at":"2024-11-12T23:54:58Z","title":"Deceiving Question-Answering Models: A Hybrid Word-Level Adversarial Approach"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":73,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":2,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":15,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":56},"total_outbound_references":73},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 73 of 73 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.08248."}