{"as_of":"2026-08-14T00:26:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:6231ab814a178c521823a9c4d400f034fab18b8a8e0a5a0b0676092da2aa3e68","coverage":[{"denominator":90,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":90,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.676840Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":90,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":90,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2412.07975/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2412.07975/integrity","json":"/paper/2412.07975/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.265686Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meet- ing of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.265686Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:123afb37605ca29a4aa8bb98b1dc8c6379c08fe6724a95bbe5235fcd95af0377","observation_id":"2245012c-1091-4563-883a-8e122139fed3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.265686Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.271260Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, And Trans- parency","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.271260Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:aad0715b2d19449a0878ff5c57cc422d723adc77c51b77afa8f1a67720326b4b","observation_id":"354df7c3-766e-4850-98e5-ce9955ec9efe","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.271260Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1037/h0055737","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.894966Z","title":"49(3), 197–237 https: //doi.org/10.1037/h0055737","venue":null,"work_id":"1e68c2a1-b424-4ab6-afc5-fc5a6d9c048f","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.275926Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:77a62e304862134c4d78ecbb4a563a1b38b23d25002ca4bf5616f0988b577769","observation_id":"5302730d-2d52-4c4f-bdfb-3d63df3cceeb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.900793Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.281613Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.281613Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0d6e461f3c7c42ec6ade9b7507b0dbd192c464befa830ee3fcf09b3b404138b0","observation_id":"fc4ded2c-5474-4a25-ad2b-d77046926122","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.281613Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.286568Z","title":"Cambridge university press (1997)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1997},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.286568Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:64e8f71f5689682ccd2a7f950316373d5e0455a56dd9786d549b8b354b041d17","observation_id":"cb73840f-4085-4028-9534-b8162f77bfc7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.286568Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.291182Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1974},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.291182Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f86a058bfe0b5c059ff3727d705889b990e61c2539851b51778ead411b341452","observation_id":"c58c666b-071a-48a1-a532-effa1e186b48","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.291182Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1207/s15516709cog0402","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.869439Z","title":"Cognitive Science 4(2), 135–183 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0402 2","venue":null,"work_id":"3c78c50d-4dfa-4655-910a-885aefe4061e","year":1980},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.295846Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9cb9a352de410926ca6aa697c03e43febee027d758dcded81660761b183c2515","observation_id":"5ced3bc5-5614-4fbf-a07d-fb4fa3a54905","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.874307Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.300542Z","title":"1016/0167-2789(90)90087-6","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.300542Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2453938fac3a0329a55184cabc33ff0cf9efaab0df90bc0cd822cfe849d0543e","observation_id":"80dbb7f7-4b6f-400a-9a64-5594b7bcd656","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.300542Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/b978-0-934613-03-3.50033-7","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.853392Z","title":"In: Readings in Artificial Intelligence, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"86e1dbd1-519c-4b2e-bdfb-650bca3fc294","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.305145Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:69b7327e3ff1f1d525bb3e98ab8b108d38978ba7491b029494e4b14c9f98e2c1","observation_id":"3989259d-9131-49fe-bd5c-19c9c4628c34","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.858326Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.310034Z","title":"The MIT Press (1980)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1980},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.310034Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d36df5fc80e34b955accf9c8c5065112a978d71190223438ec3c430d99e8f9e4","observation_id":"99bdfe64-72b0-4b8d-be91-e1caf2dbb00e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.310034Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.315397Z","title":"In: Hookway, C","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1986},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.315397Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0a24213861af9b6792d01139446e6ddcb85872d0c7a8fb1d18af80baad4f44da","observation_id":"bdd961c7-3a05-43e0-a07d-c362d788f4f7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.315397Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.320519Z","title":"In: Pylyshyn, Z.W","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1987},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.320519Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:34e30f24c690156606cf5dbbc6f8c6f598a72215c42084e20360c8d9d0c841db","observation_id":"8801b94f-61b9-476a-9389-ed6399857aa4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.320519Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.324973Z","title":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3, 417– 424 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00005756","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1980},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.324973Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4c6b48e549a8e9bea3cabb933c4d90a7738d398c38b89c25b9e527e7e94f3b82","observation_id":"b23298d9-056d-42b1-bc01-c26690835626","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.324973Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.330458Z","title":"Communications of the ACM 19(3), 113–126 (1976) https://doi.org/10","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1976},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.330458Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2745d0b7b966606cfffa8a8e34bb962c431ad69140761416d7c4b24e0c674c7c","observation_id":"9aa0022f-ff32-4fc5-bf17-05dd21d8f59e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.330458Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.335316Z","title":"Cambridge University Press (1988)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1988},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.335316Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5c7f13520752a2709e8c899090864afbd2fe15411b82d1c324209ea390db79b1","observation_id":"6b3a8f13-ef0e-4d16-bcd2-c3a19492ba8b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.335316Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.340051Z","title":"Philosophy of science 67(2), 177–194 (2000) 24","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2000},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.340051Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:40875f0aa6767730fded8cc3085931177bfc8015ea7bea6adfb39aa8a536400c","observation_id":"49b1917f-0fbf-4a37-8068-73650c18c396","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.340051Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.345339Z","title":"Oxford University Press (1989)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1989},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.345339Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:13b1445ec1e98dd6525594414efa07c2331f1ae7080603feb2d89f9c317bb2fa","observation_id":"cc543adf-85c2-444c-b0b7-71b696bb348b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.345339Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.350444Z","title":"Oxford University Press (1996)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1996},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.350444Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c804a4c29f0cc06ad97cec0fdc45bd393443eb64866e6115ea2a08abd185ccb0","observation_id":"13c426e4-866c-42cf-a080-9a24aec10b2b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.350444Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.101761Z","title":"Journal of Experimental & The- oretical Artificial Intelligence 1(1), 5–25 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1080/ 09528138908953691","venue":null,"work_id":"7f350061-68c0-4f66-87a4-20951a6fefc7","year":1989},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.355047Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d88391facea51991d76d4a5db90347658d832e4cb44509da2ee665bcaa54fcd4","observation_id":"8fcb4ac7-e20b-46ab-942d-e8a4fc2cd417","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.106742Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.086840Z","title":"Views into the Chinese Room, 95–108 (2002)","venue":null,"work_id":"843e590f-3267-4c55-acdd-cafae96431c5","year":2002},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.360193Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ad154c301637537494de9b0ed6a6b191b1653fbdec090f0583c282790c2308da","observation_id":"a32e751d-8184-44ed-a837-30669b122cb5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.091338Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.072541Z","title":"Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks: Steps towards Principled Integration 1, 155–189 (1994)","venue":null,"work_id":"cf3d593c-af4e-44d7-b1fd-ee6eb6d956f0","year":1994},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.364908Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e972207207c436b67a3d48cffb7c09f795edc71f2bb2fe3d630d25e07100bb42","observation_id":"7ec4d452-acec-4f6f-9940-4507cb40661a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.077206Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1007/978-0-585-29605-0","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.823237Z","title":"In: Riegler, A., Peschl, M., Stein, A","venue":null,"work_id":"4520f7ae-8fad-444e-8f69-0c7981e6f4a7","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.369736Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6f2e695fbd7ec70a88699f5a0df038570d04eb57a5730db24d3579a1241e43fd","observation_id":"822a1a3c-e6d5-4a57-a1f8-832834bf19f8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.828371Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/s1389-0417(02)00051-7","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.806171Z","title":"Cognitive Systems Research 3(3), 429–457 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-0417(02)00051-7","venue":null,"work_id":"562df2c5-0bcb-4e92-bd53-ce073da455d1","year":2002},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.374754Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ba85009fd6625b427baa41464ebffb118d0da7b46407bab78a5f9e19a6bb3fd0","observation_id":"6c316fba-cce3-43f2-b2e1-5e8662e0c3dc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.811782Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.058641Z","title":"Technical note 323 (1984)","venue":null,"work_id":"e8596d92-6e1c-4400-a4e3-888bc5fbd1d6","year":1984},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.379639Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:16ecb180c471e76dae8e1cdad56419b206387edf310b7ebec8160ce74f186861","observation_id":"64276adc-6e37-47d2-a2c1-fbc824919213","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.063145Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.044530Z","title":"Davide Nunes: The geometry of desire","venue":null,"work_id":"964924f3-86a5-49a3-9437-28e79290404f","year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.384125Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e55423464546cd4302cb65240c9d4c578d40888b62dd9b9fb65c0b41fcb4e585","observation_id":"12d299ba-3993-42a8-93f9-aa48c45e12a0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.049411Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.388511Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.388511Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a484d473aea568a923b341bf42404ab3f1a9150c1b913fb5f47f9900f7998ab5","observation_id":"e4fc9758-c03f-48ee-983f-ecf25700f77b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.388511Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.029931Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 12th Inter- national Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence - Volume 1","venue":null,"work_id":"2af4cf57-a445-4459-9bef-fdb95cfd80c7","year":1991},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.393474Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9a722247e6fe1ca28c7e8d8ea6b0c055e504a235309d2edd7e42a6ced7c61cec","observation_id":"127a2370-207f-4266-a077-1a36c06d8c2a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.034674Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.015972Z","title":"In: Mc Kevitt, P","venue":null,"work_id":"5f0914c0-1750-4b1c-b3fb-9989a9c06247","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.397881Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:30593a7c8a3336b647b074eb71f2ab9bf24b1e97f8591ef600f7ed5736ecd551","observation_id":"75908a50-7f3b-4591-8633-b75dc5d988a3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.020079Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.002568Z","title":"tractatus logico-philosophicus","venue":null,"work_id":"1ed30f31-d18b-4fb9-ad5c-c5fc0bed1038","year":1950},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.403303Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:295a77c01f08d000ac28e6459c86248af640a5e106191ae25bc7dfac9daf0e9d","observation_id":"a23df01b-5ced-455a-831e-7d455df295b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:41.006880Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.989478Z","title":"Edited by Perry Meisel and Haun Saussy","venue":null,"work_id":"dd14e711-edff-4e11-8c16-5e48cf481355","year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.407907Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bf0c252436a64ecc01761f48736bfd9bca4a47e1637490b2160ce45e2833dbd9","observation_id":"c3d4465d-e215-4789-a974-dc9ef38a7946","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.993800Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.975172Z","title":"Psychology Press (1990)","venue":null,"work_id":"a362dd50-bcee-4d3a-834e-e9778889cdd7","year":1990},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.412001Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:712b74b7f71ea50e4ac383d50609ff4dd910e04c01c73be155590c627f429c92","observation_id":"bf31b0ea-8697-4704-b799-537d913d67b7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.980093Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.960870Z","title":"John Wiley & Sons (2010)","venue":null,"work_id":"305acb7c-0332-479a-9f79-7f1bb7b04d43","year":2010},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.416209Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0bf3f702d388b9429d341b8351cd5b7cce375df4fdee9823cad9544fdc6dff98","observation_id":"b7a0f8fe-7dff-47d3-9f88-f029781d78c2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.965312Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.946391Z","title":"John Wiley & Sons (2008)","venue":null,"work_id":"29ce3ead-e91f-4854-a969-d40409a64de8","year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.420369Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:95e2aeedafd252aef6436884a5ddacffffa14e6d82e08fdd19fa0cc5892aebfe","observation_id":"07d80bf6-7745-4a8f-9551-17afad984a7f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.951134Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.424480Z","title":"Publisher: Journal of Philosophy Inc","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.424480Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1c4776faef8725f8ee53bb832b123a421dda876058b35a1b9da1058616cc8524","observation_id":"6adaf119-ec11-434b-a5cd-e4660f94df03","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.424480Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.931869Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"4db78e7f-b7bf-4fe2-bed1-9697896070d8","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.428956Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:256fe19db6435095a7778bbb8236f8425a48abaac1e78e9acd61f7fe9bf7d1c7","observation_id":"f0c19771-776d-4952-b697-cd573b84c224","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.936853Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.917273Z","title":"Routledge (2009)","venue":null,"work_id":"2982bd30-0762-4af1-98d3-dfab51d667b6","year":2009},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.433509Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cc02c0009944d215e5dd6b8084ee7677ef1a01403a14588f3a2907f2a23c72cd","observation_id":"2f266e18-abd4-4225-8d4c-a5ad2076f357","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.921757Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.903026Z","title":"The philosophical review 57(3), 209–230 (1948)","venue":null,"work_id":"2c90e2f9-375c-4001-8222-62fb9221ca8b","year":1948},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.437508Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c6c28aa46df5b99918e72fee8c6c524c396e0bc419dabc4920e71345e5a88127","observation_id":"ec61b8e3-c384-4470-91b6-f42a33fe4b8c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.907805Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.888772Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"edc781fa-727c-4125-badb-7404d00b2a83","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.441609Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5674bbd7e1d292d74814d9dfbfa869c398735d5d255f8e2ff390a2d5cedfe08d","observation_id":"a090cd68-a8ce-4e09-81ff-a07ab23030a7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.893392Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.872765Z","title":"In: Cas- sone, V.I., Ponzo, J., Thibault, M","venue":null,"work_id":"f43942b1-87fe-4c54-a29b-45913ccadf6e","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.445765Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a92ecc422a8a1ecdf5911e15584ecb3bae390c739e25db1421629050e47ad4b6","observation_id":"32366db9-bd52-44f9-92a0-6ecb7310e652","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.878011Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.857730Z","title":"Behaviorism 5(1), 43–59 (1977)","venue":null,"work_id":"5a252b14-427b-4e99-b712-6e80556ad938","year":1977},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.450072Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cf1e08063cdc759c6cc576f5adeb4e7f9e53a7d68c449611945411784bdaf085","observation_id":"15d45d18-a0c8-4ccf-b8aa-c1281b0feb71","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.862138Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.841266Z","title":"The Philosophical Review 64(3), 449–483 (1955)","venue":null,"work_id":"13ea67ef-e120-4faf-acee-381ac1a331e4","year":1955},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.454585Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7d40a7fc42ff3cde221620ed21a29c1b4970d1a4ea758063c383622d027d019c","observation_id":"02724d31-810b-4823-b391-b4b81afc0a0f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.846350Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.825133Z","title":"Harvard University Press (1982)","venue":null,"work_id":"cb2915d8-d37e-4b2b-a3a0-18f9d17c3ca9","year":1982},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.458988Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:71634807922b5b367b8442bca17789ad7f4e4bf77592c636350ecb6c4c6806b8","observation_id":"b5e7fdb2-8fa0-41fb-b6c4-7785e6bb3e63","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.830046Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/s0003-3472(80)80097-2","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.767203Z","title":"Animal Behaviour 28(4), 1070–1094 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80097-2","venue":null,"work_id":"0e167324-cb59-4731-8c76-f7584d11a57d","year":1980},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.463297Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7c8fc13c03e09bf1d64de90180306e1fb7a638bbb266454ac3eb299dc6bd78a5","observation_id":"d4a798b3-9bb7-4cb1-9dff-4e31b7a09af2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.772171Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.807089Z","title":"Language, Mind and Knowledge: Min- nesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science 7, 131–193 (1975)","venue":null,"work_id":"d05c7a06-c26c-4a92-be18-5d5cc0567da1","year":1975},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.468306Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a2ce51fe9fbe2c8b58f2dbe2776eddcf91b50333800e38ef00d3662f598145d2","observation_id":"db798877-4cf2-4e58-9816-32de39ea9f12","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.813524Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.791955Z","title":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27(2), 169–190 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0140525X04000056","venue":null,"work_id":"c4c68ad0-ec5c-43a1-89a1-2efa387f0902","year":2004},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.472772Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:26a65799813b33b08de0b7ccbc62fcec036edb1727ed40495481438b5f42e320","observation_id":"8530d5a1-4eb1-4cf1-b3c7-42fa43e04e83","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.797204Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.776135Z","title":"CSLI publications Stanford (2003) 26","venue":null,"work_id":"1bd715b1-2119-49fc-8f37-615bb686b07a","year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.477101Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b2f55b30fda627918a76ed35c21cdd1ccdea52aaf131382316aabf8876720a50","observation_id":"386e8da8-349d-4868-82c3-c1b73ca8b11a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.781430Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.481348Z","title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114(40), 10785–10790 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619666114","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.481348Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e77a72fbc688dd5311aff010401c48270079d2f4d74f8c72c4b4522b828dd5dd","observation_id":"a87f22d6-aac8-49e3-ae9c-2457f1045cc0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.481348Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.759361Z","title":"Language 28(4), 474–494 (1952)","venue":null,"work_id":"0409015b-c2d2-462b-9d0f-831f62f52c8e","year":1952},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.485755Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e853a2e658131093a09375f6ade4120e1250124ac803fda3ec2ae44c3f20940a","observation_id":"047cc6de-2938-4eff-9d5f-a2ae081d4e72","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.765062Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.742045Z","title":"Word 10(2-3), 146–162 (1954)","venue":null,"work_id":"d19b9383-6da3-4341-bda3-acc9bc4ded3e","year":1954},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.490059Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f4ab2f89148cac96a03000bd46582ffccea13f4924be3616eea7b79368550b65","observation_id":"c158dd54-65db-4229-8329-ab591abdf0a4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.747229Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.727037Z","title":"Studies in linguistic analysis, 10–32 (1957)","venue":null,"work_id":"56d94d07-4ee4-4a3b-bf86-da9561001a7b","year":1957},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.494304Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dce98062fa1d4cf2c10d06bb15857d2089ec661301640e35076c51e90c39f5de","observation_id":"f147f2bf-afba-4d86-8a0d-4fa3e5f919cd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.731527Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.710890Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the Conference on Mechanical Translation (1952)","venue":null,"work_id":"d3f5d592-565a-4712-b8d5-8e98b9277c0e","year":1952},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.498733Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2980d913b871ea0982174558a92f6110be35af9d4c923927941d0c89c8a710b4","observation_id":"35429849-c044-45f1-ae41-cc6809f62d86","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.716105Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.695203Z","title":"Italian Journal of Disability Studies 20, 33–53 (2008)","venue":null,"work_id":"ed1ac760-a3ac-4375-b0a9-dbdaa733746e","year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":52,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.503834Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:be031e437e794fbca04dd6f4243a4e9cc7abe658c20aa4576c667bf1e99376f4","observation_id":"a6319f3c-b3ef-4ef6-aea6-ba03dbf2afeb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.699813Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.680248Z","title":"Journal of psycholinguistic research 13(6), 495–496 (1984)","venue":null,"work_id":"f802ad43-9e4e-4a5e-bed8-e8152bc07eb4","year":1984},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":53,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.508466Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:438c5ebe9cf5d881393c78731c4c91c1d01447ead8b9f8d6418dc409f4b1d1e5","observation_id":"cd1d0dc2-ba92-47d4-9e37-d35955f00a41","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.685637Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.665922Z","title":"Psychological review 104(2), 211 (1997)","venue":null,"work_id":"002fa33d-a01a-4622-81a6-786df310c2ed","year":1997},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":54,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.513152Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:86f4c4f98914f1462f4bcef58a7b191d9a59b7a905ca59be0d01b7f9e9775609","observation_id":"276b6b24-c50e-47d3-9627-9db4e551319e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.670383Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.651752Z","title":"Harper San Francisco (1999)","venue":null,"work_id":"aab18ee7-e3d4-4a75-937e-874a053e0bd6","year":1999},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.517697Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4da9658c9439ebe4ae4fa9739e2fe99990a30f4685ca82ed58a779e9b2db4b3f","observation_id":"da8ce638-972e-4a4f-8e21-b1d5570bbb76","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.655955Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.636890Z","title":"Computational linguistics 18(4), 467– 480 (1992)","venue":null,"work_id":"1fc25cbe-5fff-41f6-bb4e-55d10e544111","year":1992},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":56,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.522608Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b5c2ab8ff1487dde88ed92c2eaa915a76d44c28ef0f49bed7e2a4ea365354d79","observation_id":"4a296661-8b14-49c9-8c3e-f718f2a52630","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.641175Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.527355Z","title":"Journal of the American society for information science 41(6), 391–407 (1990)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1990},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":57,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.527355Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b9d348587a708c5404550940d0383117aba8c5cc78ab1f91abe296a1187bb3c6","observation_id":"3c539032-316f-499e-b383-4522d2c6f157","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.527355Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1404.1100","last_updated":"2014-04-03T21:16:49Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T11:41:57.399757Z","submitted_at":"2014-04-03T21:16:49Z","title":"A Tutorial on Principal Component Analysis","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1404.1100","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.531920Z","title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:1404.1100 (2014)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":58,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.531920Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1404.1100","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7fb80b2bc8edb45e88b488939b7a3355d4a807cf44b20b403783b33ea3c88f3e","observation_id":"63e99c18-41c7-43d1-86ae-0bfbda75cff6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.531920Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.612717Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"4862a4f2-d8c9-4614-98ec-d5d432531e72","year":1991},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":59,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.537092Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:968c4624e76d7a98c5eed69104645db478208431e74561a322d9af54d06fd874","observation_id":"4bf927aa-70d3-434a-bfff-9b3d0f074539","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.617274Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.596878Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"e816ee2e-6384-4b6b-bebf-fc214156c0d9","year":1972},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":60,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.542128Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:413eabe8d4c97289e9f725d3bfc6c9c7ade71124643e6286037e0b96853e3834","observation_id":"2922ad1b-ef33-482c-9ce2-59e3126b66b8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.602072Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.580617Z","title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 27 369(1634), 20120392 (2014)","venue":null,"work_id":"cc08ff15-389e-409f-bc70-20aef6b2ceab","year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":61,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.546802Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9eb42b637e7e56a9d3af4f0f7a84974e75f754f002154aecad951432b9908227","observation_id":"292c3979-00ac-4b16-a302-b0e3b6a2763e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.586132Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.563168Z","title":"In: Pro- ceedings of the Eighth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, vol","venue":null,"work_id":"4c94590b-1a14-4c99-bf2d-7d05f225549d","year":1986},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":62,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.551048Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:de9998816afd49b2a191dc4e5681b6dc149da719d69e2f134da2fbd5acf2a719","observation_id":"82da0dfd-1c58-4701-99e8-8be9e5adaa3b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.568334Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.547533Z","title":"Neural computation 4(6), 863–879 (1992)","venue":null,"work_id":"d6f27693-c9aa-473e-a707-01ea7dcbecbe","year":1992},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":63,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.555107Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cbfa693cd9f12d0fea2590bd7fb4aed70cfe80fee1648ed75f80c50581bbf74e","observation_id":"5da33052-0f9b-45f4-bf32-22fdadc60d2d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.552372Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.531466Z","title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 7(1), 142–146 (1996)","venue":null,"work_id":"753a90e9-81bc-4555-8bc2-44c6c6fedb62","year":1996},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":64,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.559134Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b0b70fc5755ccc55065874e1a4fd2f5d62a65d79043a91e2eb37ac7c8154c973","observation_id":"55ae643e-73bd-4e35-a506-b6e438752494","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.537181Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.516349Z","title":"In: Leen, T., Dietterich, T., Tresp, V","venue":null,"work_id":"88524eaa-99a0-4b2c-89aa-b63144c9861d","year":2000},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":65,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.563156Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:86331f1982b7820724283e3403daf729205ff04120b9b3dda14ffa0dcdce1473","observation_id":"b013c40a-e70a-49b1-8b4e-0d50b3d3f961","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.520692Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.500782Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2013 Conference of the North Amer- ican Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"f38f2763-bb83-47c9-b105-71b3215a2d3d","year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":66,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.567327Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:886731ee5b6039432087371796822fbeeb9fb6907d0d80938119b3df0878ebb1","observation_id":"ade28396-eba2-49d3-be4f-48f48bb528dc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.506345Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.571427Z","title":"Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (2017)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":67,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.571427Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e888768400a1d5d575f8c01919765946086453dc6b6f19f4e6f818cbfdfec6c3","observation_id":"20da23f8-3fce-4944-9888-57317d1fe60d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.571427Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.476571Z","title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 35, 27730–27744 (2022)","venue":null,"work_id":"4c1bc523-aef5-4d89-bab1-7de7b444080f","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":68,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.575596Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a1d4fc31fd931ed523086b2680e868b5bc4afd37dd9f85deb9b3ce0cf7f3c68b","observation_id":"96f3753f-cad9-40ba-b3c5-0b58c3dee22a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.481174Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.03378","last_updated":"2023-03-06T18:58:06Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T22:04:13.117781Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-06T18:58:06Z","title":"PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.03378","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.579443Z","title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.03378 (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":69,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.579443Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.03378","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:00d0897cf84f49e892ec5e77b420db596c1a149522a1310753234e502c7814f3","observation_id":"537f85b2-fc11-471a-aa28-e64f4eb7bce0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.579443Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.461599Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2013 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"71ac2aea-3c5d-49d9-86cf-a517d4590497","year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":70,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.584129Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ce586d2fbc750a92df68370e767601a444398df0f374a1979d18e2836bac4972","observation_id":"d605787b-a964-4cbf-bd8e-cd2734d971e9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.466339Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.446197Z","title":"C Users Journal 12(2), 23–38 (1994)","venue":null,"work_id":"854b7f57-575e-45e2-bf22-a731598eb6c7","year":1994},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":71,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.588473Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8bc06fcca75713f1495360d7a7000498bfd26da5be140f6b04838afe4ebd3a20","observation_id":"77ac8e5a-74e7-4983-b8ad-c0144d1de1af","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.451532Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.429663Z","title":"Journal of Reading Behavior 27(2), 201–212 (1995)","venue":null,"work_id":"9fc7e130-6c92-4870-907e-e4b7cd3d79a8","year":1995},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":72,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.592728Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:89c4986e084139597af7972fa563ce875faaaaefa658503b4f4945a87c656925","observation_id":"54804a2d-1e98-4391-9860-261abae7d07d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.434594Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.413376Z","title":"Frontiers in psychology 7, 1116 (2016)","venue":null,"work_id":"946fcbc0-ae57-43ff-9118-16472438f63b","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":73,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.597075Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b0c8855b6e8a3a890a9bd8133d8d133c488ba88a85cfc806ea947affe28fc64f","observation_id":"a86529fd-2c55-4827-bb87-4934fac32803","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.418701Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2302.13971","last_updated":"2023-02-27T17:11:15Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-02-27T17:11:15Z","title":"LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2302.13971","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.601536Z","title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.13971 (2023)","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":74,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.601536Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2302.13971","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ac2380e16e65a89e2456f76c2cca7a8caaf812b6d1053d177fe868733570b73b","observation_id":"12a63309-6917-4384-a315-dae3502c3cd0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.601536Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.396641Z","title":"World Englishes 19(3), 305–322 (2000)","venue":null,"work_id":"e2ce2d81-4f83-4558-9580-8cc5d83a720e","year":2000},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":75,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.607199Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1547101f74a6c970a2862ae3bbfc74420de29d99ec8bf7f53e9d2575d90a6885","observation_id":"800696b2-478d-40d2-a14c-a773014badb4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.401501Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1023/a:1024227231216","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.740678Z","title":"Accessed 2023-08-05","venue":null,"work_id":"71027ca3-5c22-4a6e-9704-ac27a3428152","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":76,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.611886Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5ef836cc65d03bbaccc4d975226d2d9cff0d7bd92753f5827bc44233081580c2","observation_id":"c524ed80-63af-4ed0-92b7-f2ff92225dc5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.745971Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.616692Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":77,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.616692Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1960c6075884b114361e2a44b90d63a65f79e6ced9249752a566d80a6ebd344a","observation_id":"bdf830e9-29ad-4dd2-9dca-8eeb131368a3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.616692Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.381835Z","title":"Artificial life 2(3), 319–332 (1995)","venue":null,"work_id":"82e984c7-8fb4-4c80-9de0-320e48fb5731","year":1995},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":78,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.621654Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:10aae640100e647c9439c7a42ccdac34d18bd6ae205781afd9ef5510bcac3fb1","observation_id":"43947efc-3b27-4af9-9d84-4e2e47670b00","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.386522Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2312.16337","last_updated":"2023-12-26T21:17:46Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T04:53:38.675557Z","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T21:17:46Z","title":"Task Contamination: Language Models May Not Be Few-Shot Anymore","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2312.16337","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.626005Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":79,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.626005Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2312.16337","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:07503d86f5b7defd236cc2ae1106bd8b6c06afa419bb281fc83841cf85ec19a1","observation_id":"6828b676-8826-4c47-991f-58d1e2f9bce3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.626005Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.630999Z","title":"Accessed 2014-12-09","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":80,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.630999Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4af1b0b46927dd1499a4c990cc63c8b54da9df795ced63b3d8fca3f77258a1ae","observation_id":"2e696c8c-c2bd-4e8a-b2d9-34b4da65f0a6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.630999Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.365661Z","title":"Journal of computer and System Sciences 66(4), 671–687 (2003)","venue":null,"work_id":"f6be9cfc-f3ca-4ed2-b0c7-17480c9e1ddb","year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":81,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.635290Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:51517090186497306c1ebf53f86b939760f2876f6332b95bf6565f764ab06844","observation_id":"0d089531-9872-40ef-9c28-df7f898974e5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.371087Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1807.00930","last_updated":"2018-09-26T16:55:04Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T06:48:03.564033Z","submitted_at":"2018-07-02T23:54:48Z","title":"Neural Random Projections for Language Modelling","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"1807.00930","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"1807.00930","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.045552Z","title":"Neural Random Projections for Language Modelling","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"1cbe46a0-be07-4759-97fb-d96c0dead65d","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":82,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.640239Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1807.00930","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:18685ed1e1cbdb58c95b3ec12a4f57f5b0e8a78d87c17bfe00c95b2a6cca3936","observation_id":"c4f30514-0d9b-4ddf-97dc-7d66784449bd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.051954Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.348740Z","title":"Artifi- cial intelligence 33(3), 379–412 (1987)","venue":null,"work_id":"42ca68be-aed3-4e86-919f-170843be87ad","year":1987},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":83,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.644944Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:29c1575e5136a75d3926ceee12a0b4263a4300f49f81b94c56e5ed360b48ae74","observation_id":"ca360c7f-9951-434b-be9f-c2308768ecd5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.353487Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.332832Z","title":"Neural computation 14(8), 1771–1800 (2002)","venue":null,"work_id":"e3465f12-6a35-42eb-b903-24a846668508","year":2002},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":84,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.649501Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5db90a9d083584688e387b8ecb53cc9839383847f4ba6b55088eba85bd47c42d","observation_id":"a58ed5dc-64b2-4a90-baf1-e5dd031d7521","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.337892Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.316021Z","title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research 6(4) (2005)","venue":null,"work_id":"af051709-7f9f-4d12-8219-f5750a7ea1bb","year":2005},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":85,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.654142Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0a17a60ddb8e0ffc1aadd799035818d923920d3ca0d287ef9dbfa2d23118bc24","observation_id":"2e34148d-815e-454f-8e63-b160adb9de11","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.321274Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.297568Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth 29 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, pp","venue":null,"work_id":"9609ced8-4302-4727-9312-09d034fa8fdc","year":2010},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":86,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.658630Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f8991f166930ac2700b6f18249501e15b7bba3bc060fb89e38ab15a9ace50184","observation_id":"c18ef66a-08dc-46cc-a7cb-e899164635bb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.304094Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.282508Z","title":"In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, vol","venue":null,"work_id":"f601ca4c-f638-4835-804e-75e9f917e935","year":2000},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":87,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.663079Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:710d5aeafeb537825f5cdf2f50e4daef3d71623469afd5cb70d54995d86a201b","observation_id":"c957afd7-d77f-4cf4-bdff-205ddb440491","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.287451Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2410.01201","last_updated":"2024-11-28T07:10:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T22:32:55.628264Z","submitted_at":"2024-10-02T03:06:49Z","title":"Were RNNs All We Needed?","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2410.01201","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.667657Z","title":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.01201","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":88,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.667657Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2410.01201","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7309fe4ce0c33bc5d0b8a5c73c5a795de29ade26b4f36497e8075b3f012a21d7","observation_id":"44b63fcb-bf39-48aa-9932-f30c729678ec","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.667657Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.672360Z","title":"In: Korhonen, A., Traum, D.R., M` arquez, L","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":89,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.672360Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e2193d6b18db8eb840c74990273f3ad14969de3a3fab2a2b6a3e66aae149a7b3","observation_id":"e8a3e70d-abd8-40e5-9e45-a5e7f388e649","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.672360Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2024.12809","doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.998787Z","title":"Neuro- computing 599, 128096 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2024.128096 30","venue":null,"work_id":"640e047b-30ec-40b3-8b87-acdd3f8ee732","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning","version":1},"reference_index":90,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:39.676840Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.07975"},"observation_digest":"sha256:72b97a4250750067e2d857a5a1cec18086935fafc7978a0cdba3613b382fd217","observation_id":"fb720f82-d94d-43eb-93aa-e95a8d9084be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:24:40.007828Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"metadata_mismatch"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.07975","last_updated":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.AI","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-13T13:57:07.306914Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-10T23:23:28Z","title":"Machines of Meaning"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":90,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":3,"metadata_mismatch":2,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":31,"verified_exact":7,"verified_fuzzy":47},"total_outbound_references":90},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-13T06:31:53.387327+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 90 of 90 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.07975."}