{"as_of":"2026-08-12T22:49:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:97d502cb79f980994854f6de7ce8f772694da284c2ef5e537299a80110b6861b","coverage":[{"denominator":14,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":14,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.682555Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":14,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":14,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2412.08287/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2412.08287/integrity","json":"/paper/2412.08287/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2207.13513","last_updated":"2022-12-03T16:49:44Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T13:35:54.749015Z","submitted_at":"2022-07-27T13:37:22Z","title":"Learning with Combinatorial Optimization Layers: a Probabilistic Approach","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2207.13513","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.545930Z","title":"Dalle, L","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.545930Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2207.13513","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d932eb5dcab8de2954b6ff7db70b4ccc53dce0c45b4e667ff378630316e27b9e","observation_id":"3755ab03-734e-4562-9201-735435c45ed7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.545930Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1906.01227","last_updated":"2019-10-14T11:31:45Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T10:54:26.264740Z","submitted_at":"2019-06-04T06:51:45Z","title":"An Efficient Graph Convolutional Network Technique for the Travelling Salesman Problem","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1906.01227","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.550570Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1906},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.550570Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1906.01227","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:481c977fa6b61eda3555fbf6fa5aab25921deaec4c042329c3386dc71050ae20","observation_id":"2f3433b2-6cf0-449e-94b6-ff3c1e8b4ec8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.550570Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.933162Z","title":"The lowest cost is shown in blue and the second-best in orange","venue":null,"work_id":"3d54508a-6055-4093-9fe7-fb504cb119c0","year":1961},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.682555Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:64af04bccb18e4edb3a6589b544616bd0e2068ac50bca8df8a5e9c7f05ebcbe1","observation_id":"8717171e-426f-441c-9a10-97c526a579e4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.972776Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.552939Z","title":"This probability is typically very low","venue":null,"work_id":"348c7950-0617-4179-b06c-81e2f41d5325","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.564013Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2382f185ab80f2202b6b567c7fefc3c4872789892b761e37ad47eed99365001b","observation_id":"c6523607-2b1d-4a8b-aac9-6fc9e8517766","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.556579Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.036040Z","title":"This procedure allows us to create a training set of arbitrary size that contains realistic (but small-sized) training instances","venue":null,"work_id":"78fde2c2-6591-4f08-8de2-6221d8f14c66","year":1973},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.678115Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9998fd8153cd5e2092030352e188be6cc611180ab37ec2b29e4f447f7d9c5838","observation_id":"bd9530b6-ad6c-40ef-9cb3-5743184c1fd8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.118105Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.369364Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f451af0e-6196-4ccc-af1f-59e028bdd6c4","year":1984},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.660314Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:64d373d476823c2a0406ccbd1424e174f93af93d6622cb1b3501ec9f6bfd60c9","observation_id":"d55a1d7a-f166-4de9-866d-a58041b12090","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.374439Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.346385Z","title":"First, the GNN applies a message-passing algorithm to capture the structure of the graph","venue":null,"work_id":"b3ef2aff-31ca-4216-8c06-7394d1d849fc","year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.665168Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4be4f917a1fe60b6e5057f3e9d0c8b80a566fc7482bc7d78d1ee30978a8c3ac5","observation_id":"8a20e1a9-03ca-453e-835f-a8f4d2847b4c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.358475Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.128115Z","title":"It shows that, while the area and density may vary across cities, the population statistics are relatively constant","venue":null,"work_id":"deaabb1a-42e8-45ed-9948-fba87b86f1f4","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.674042Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ba5f252d36dcda2211b9e0d35abf22ce820e0bdc4e10874904c478d5fc431645","observation_id":"7e14c064-53f3-47a5-a082-3489566596bd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.133672Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"malformed_identifier"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.180066Z","title":"Finally, the final layer converts the latent32-dimension vector into a one-dimensional output","venue":null,"work_id":"52e29503-f9b2-427e-ba2c-dc5fdc4db136","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.669406Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dbacfdf6bb07ae27ccf271afe044fb2c05ff22f3e459cf53f92ac09783c7344d","observation_id":"a7a7855c-3dfd-4c65-8d04-7f3fc6764238","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.257679Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1611.09940","last_updated":"2017-01-12T23:55:36Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T22:02:29.962183Z","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T23:22:39Z","title":"Neural Combinatorial Optimization with Reinforcement Learning","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1611.09940","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.541407Z","title":"Bello, H","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":1959,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.541407Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1611.09940","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c873a7a00d1d9d30292d64547e0d55780f2741086d3328f2677e254d5cdc7f53","observation_id":"6e89bf00-a858-48a9-9247-c7917c6df8a0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.541407Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.384683Z","title":"(2024) does not scale well to large instances","venue":null,"work_id":"eb368cfa-343a-44ee-a359-13f673e271d2","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":1985,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.605944Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4abe4c15be0b15b0af18085525042cd312682bcaa099f03f432c3a00311c04e6","observation_id":"0442b764-75a4-46fe-a6b5-e337a37de94c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:32.546679Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.560591Z","title":"Sadana, A","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":2013,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.560591Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f728b3e7cf191c58c747d6739335278caaedf99c076384d11b9783875f5abf5f","observation_id":"f3ae14b5-0b2c-490e-9338-66ae3089f316","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.560591Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2407.17200","last_updated":"2026-05-19T09:54:54Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-31T18:51:55.387228Z","submitted_at":"2024-07-24T12:00:30Z","title":"Generalization Bounds of Surrogate Policies for Combinatorial Optimization Problems","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2407.17200","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2407.17200","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.919173Z","title":"Generalization Bounds of Surrogate Policies for Combinatorial Optimization Problems","venue":"stat.ML","work_id":"12b6d566-d6a1-4896-99e8-471ecfbcae7e","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":2017,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.537741Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2407.17200","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:32e793ec0572c38a92b9ce47ae827ed1a4af93629d770abd49aa6241bd810817","observation_id":"cd1b8ae4-c449-49a2-a93d-0007a3d4fe3d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.925887Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2307.13565","last_updated":"2024-09-04T11:47:12Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T15:58:20.063904Z","submitted_at":"2023-07-25T15:17:31Z","title":"Decision-Focused Learning: Foundations, State of the Art, Benchmark and Future Opportunities","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2307.13565","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.556771Z","title":"Mandi, J","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting","version":1},"reference_index":2020,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.556771Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2307.13565","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.08287"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f7182c92d5cebc372e4ab832a777e752204b78116c698bbead84d8bd4066ba10","observation_id":"2ec4ac03-c2ad-4363-beba-bfd5807ed072","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T18:08:31.556771Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.08287","last_updated":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.LG","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-12T04:28:10.760790Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-11T11:02:48Z","title":"DistrictNet: Decision-aware learning for geographical districting"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":14,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":2,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":6,"verified_exact":1,"verified_fuzzy":5},"total_outbound_references":14},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-12T06:34:36.333875+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 12 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 14 of 14 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.08287."}