{"as_of":"2026-08-20T15:00:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:fd06b69c6fe79bb0ffa2e2f8c71e303161c7ef948eb6c2313df4db002f5aa1b5","coverage":[{"denominator":63,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":63,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.311023Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":63,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":63,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2412.10369/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2412.10369/integrity","json":"/paper/2412.10369/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.976550Z","title":"online\" 'onlinestring :=","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.976550Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ef4576d97d4ae633a93e6d7d83b0903e3d7bff243f18f9502f0326833dbbf56d","observation_id":"301dc6a1-9ce3-4679-88cc-6d977a187f5a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.976550Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.984853Z","title":"write newline","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.984853Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:383ff9c33e0f37e917b12d286f1a761c504bd8a6c177bc347738d09ca74687b7","observation_id":"4a239d3a-bec5-43e9-825b-0a6d60673f7b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.984853Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.709412Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5150f8f0-ddd0-4a6f-9bea-7125cc160340","year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.991237Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:81046b14fce210ac67c602b5fb6421121ad8ad80f81f93c830759ca05f0fa61e","observation_id":"77a9ea2a-9040-441d-8074-99501df66b7d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.715278Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.996770Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.996770Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f3be05940dd0ff1cf93fa1fc04771cc8637af71c34411fa309278ef24a0094e0","observation_id":"1811536f-c090-45ba-8c31-5ed7cab924cf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:08.996770Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/0024-3841(84)90074-3","metadata_source":"openalex","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T11:03:42.707129Z","title":"Backhouse","venue":"Lingua","work_id":"4e86253e-c5e1-4b48-a19d-26f6606865ed","year":1984},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.003939Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5b6ece43d99ac00d4b6950d39cd4f807a51eee592e9cbaeee1914c4a605f4cfe","observation_id":"40bb572e-6168-43ad-8bbf-ca7470e48a50","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.860221Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.694673Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"86cf3132-e480-4b42-aff6-d9e06f6a200c","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.009279Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4324bd809284ea43114b218603cdafd89308cda636032a95e28ae341cf0fa452","observation_id":"56cb719e-4ce3-45ce-90a9-60fd07133a80","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.699908Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"abs/2674075","doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.516412Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"bf056ec6-95c0-45c8-895e-ec15523fc9cb","year":2001},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.014000Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:45e2f999b6c4c03c1d9b7a5ffc598ede8463845856cfd6f2cb3ebef1ac5496a3","observation_id":"1eb6c798-e73c-4ea5-abc8-824555046108","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.522749Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2409.16646","last_updated":"2024-10-12T13:05:56Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T13:15:37.566978Z","submitted_at":"2024-09-25T05:57:09Z","title":"Cross-Lingual and Cross-Cultural Variation in Image Descriptions","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2409.16646","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2409.16646","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.422139Z","title":"Cross-Lingual and Cross-Cultural Variation in Image Descriptions","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"e37fb0f3-1913-4154-abbb-43cac0ab46bf","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.019030Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2409.16646","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fc5d97ed15219df6a514038196ad332a3087ffc8b92312aa564e3a594e547762","observation_id":"1a4df058-3e66-47fa-82c9-a21f5484350a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.428373Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2407.07726","last_updated":"2024-10-10T17:28:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T07:16:45.596308Z","submitted_at":"2024-07-10T14:57:46Z","title":"PaliGemma: A versatile 3B VLM for transfer","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2407.07726","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.025340Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.025340Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2407.07726","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5c0d3952948ca47765d8406a0fed1b76a33e8902971174cf2386b7e0475c2800","observation_id":"5a5220f6-9b28-4712-9a2c-7fe32e8b5793","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.025340Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1016/s0911-6044(02)00016-7","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.839959Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"90a916cf-2919-4119-a067-e5ffd286e7d5","year":2003},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.034236Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f8e0f46c61ea20e8dfc1140bfd44b033b4dfdb38632f752239e47bc0f6dcc57e","observation_id":"85e1c2da-39dc-436e-ad9a-fae09e972e17","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.844515Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.041724Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.041724Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:aa8b469491059a2bbf00467a7481e79f18908035bb3d9238f9338a640979c27f","observation_id":"9ee7f3c1-9787-4dfa-b934-6bf4bb9cb6d0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.041724Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.046927Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2007},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.046927Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7e42dda284647942b613332cb31479243416908fa6d1ce57c1590345279f6673","observation_id":"8b4b5e52-f1c8-44cb-aa08-144668855a00","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.046927Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.055261Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.055261Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:92e4b62a7b0c56faef4eb6e642c670da0217c599c06861a3402bd36abc522930","observation_id":"31935341-8844-40bc-839b-d62e408a8512","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.055261Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.681942Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b76f3de9-f5ef-446b-a50a-5c56793ae1f1","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.059623Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:69b2507c8e40a2a0bcafabe9b28df3a4868d367fe799b41f37ee57e3d68cf5a4","observation_id":"e03a9679-acd1-4880-8329-dfa9bcda2506","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.686508Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.063929Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1999},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.063929Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:477c08cae0224263f3025a701f9dc4dc4fc276438d2ec73b6833ce83b173aec3","observation_id":"26a33062-6fcf-4a72-b8c6-81409d52debe","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.063929Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1515/9783110874006.1","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.785529Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f88150cb-ff36-45e2-8abe-4345e0a976b6","year":2001},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.068617Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a4ffafbd346b1582376402966bfd6b040b42ffc9e96a4928de87b6b204fd8abe","observation_id":"d4c392c6-fcbb-401e-89c0-1af90d9a8d98","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.790235Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.18653/v1/p17-1109","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.763082Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f5574f28-fe21-40a5-ab11-14ceee5fb5ac","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.073700Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0754079e0cd333182c865b776f9168ff0fe75537ebdaa3019743e0f5172008cd","observation_id":"0411b726-ad95-48c9-a26e-fc95654441e6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.768051Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.078935Z","title":"Mielke, Jason Eisner, and Brian Roark","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.078935Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2d16ac4134cdedf56cfa33b2932a53dea5da3a6295ef5a09f3dc79fd3ae6ce4c","observation_id":"93e5d987-34c2-4b44-ac0b-2682e4e7124f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.078935Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1017/cbo9780511840579","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.735455Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8575ff82-35a2-40b7-9ea3-5404b3177e45","year":2002},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.085363Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a1b98adaae48a3bc06db802148b4e88bd896b2b01c11edafe3a1d6e20cd46870","observation_id":"e6ed2305-df1b-438b-90a6-7fc47b9623b3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.741118Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.090882Z","title":"Manning, Joakim Nivre, and Daniel Zeman","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.090882Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ff9396a4fec271a53215d5e414648f19011437f465c455e684d37895b0780ce6","observation_id":"2b3e4cea-492c-4128-84ed-c9165e4c49c6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.090882Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.7334/psicothema2014.31","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.696996Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"ed8ebf54-f4e8-49c1-93c1-8068a5b65030","year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.096025Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2acced2dc62e5803fbeb62488c9d3c05749262fa5fb0b6162fc0b203da176d38","observation_id":"3788e84a-1e53-4d95-a5f4-cd5e8c1d634d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.710543Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.102301Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.102301Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bda4b0a9441a5229d01823306c471a6fdd8dfd0d01f1de8f5b457b7137147be1","observation_id":"5d5132d0-6920-4157-8c7b-71312293bc36","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.102301Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.107545Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.107545Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:efb5ee0458cfb30ceaf5145173653a86ca2657b98a08b98bb859614a0b76e4ea","observation_id":"e7b20c26-97a7-4793-85dc-975e5151aec5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.107545Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.112646Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.112646Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c7355185a647882a05f34183dc614cc02d6a47809baa66c8f67f2ffa2335c35a","observation_id":"71bde85b-889f-4a72-8b71-56866d14097e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.112646Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2403.08295","last_updated":"2024-04-16T12:52:47Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-03T03:29:01.959523Z","submitted_at":"2024-03-13T06:59:16Z","title":"Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2403.08295","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.120156Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.120156Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2403.08295","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ed999dca73dd33a352a5102dd6f207fba20e5b75c5f90ba52afde07d9c7284d1","observation_id":"fe03ffad-aea4-434c-92fe-1a85effb50aa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.120156Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.668352Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"cda3e215-cc9e-440f-925f-3d2d9dff2ba1","year":1984},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.125213Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b2417df11ac2e01c5db4bb0321d1b3385d809bac2e797d160b20f8c4c8633044","observation_id":"7fd7fb37-2281-414a-aabc-69f0b47a7a71","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.672122Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.655370Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d182ebba-1914-471a-9a5b-c80558a6fb18","year":1966},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.130652Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3e84462833ce29db2c5b1f9febeb81f8a1b75c0e3135192038690b89304d4397","observation_id":"a3867202-5b15-42a6-b515-420bb69ad346","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.659275Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.138407Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2001},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.138407Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ecb9849329addb1de79c51e242abfc78deef04bf7d951d7c8c43b4f6989f5418","observation_id":"7c0cdf02-b3fc-43ae-a835-ea5f80d005a7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.138407Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.143093Z","title":"Ponti, and Sharon Goldwater","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.143093Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f84f3e32f9bdc45df8004c0bd5b400d95ce53cf35be3da3663edfb1b5fb5a5e9","observation_id":"ddafa74f-bb73-4181-abec-d79a5d00b009","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.143093Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.148774Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2007},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.148774Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b63535abbff9f2f575eaea4c8bfaf1e067e59e880fc5b9a0ee02a0d4e1e21d8a","observation_id":"2d2dcddd-0e1f-45a9-a7df-5458b95d9037","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.148774Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"abs/4096169","doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.185670Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"4af2ea4c-e3f1-4d3f-845d-75a5bc1fb9f0","year":2010},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.153119Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a6116db545149301273656a1b7d2227dc825a8804a1f895c67f0a25d5e9710c9","observation_id":"0fc3c4a4-6d77-4346-a62f-249cf726c28f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.192211Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.5281/zenodo.3678496","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.609136Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d2d6df05-9de4-4364-a32c-963ebb862766","year":2012},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.158236Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0cbd16f54966ae3f40a4cd30ff4ded9d339ac512287e73c4da1c4ba190572fc7","observation_id":"d69c33f9-4461-453e-a6ed-fe3ddbba827e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.614951Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1007/s11049-018-9422-3","metadata_source":"openalex","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-19T11:03:45.297681Z","title":null,"venue":"Natural Language & Linguistic Theory","work_id":"da11b37c-3d95-4131-b498-10d8fa0e7afc","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.162634Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2dabe83eba90851763a52f8d8209f1e139f8371e3953f48317deac5f5169c372","observation_id":"efa58f31-9a5f-4877-ada0-e29536824c9b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.593490Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.167262Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2009},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.167262Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3a5aeed5550c4570144473204655335f5fe830abde19daca941ff0b642cba168","observation_id":"946a432f-21ab-4104-96fd-b0c42491f704","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.167262Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.630870Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"977f7829-2135-4f11-9ae9-4b6950fd5df7","year":2009},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.171587Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bc0ec894a4092d9437115f998f64bbcb88729d609a7eeba8c58f601addc28211","observation_id":"a03ccc3b-cc67-40f6-8e20-9c1d39e3bcde","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.636987Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.175991Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.175991Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5944fba7dd6e9f0b05ea573ffe7d5177fef40ae9dbe0d245413fd98abab3a7ae","observation_id":"754ec370-2557-4fbb-9d3c-6e8b3e4dad41","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.175991Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.2307/411991","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.542044Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"ad44ab34-7686-4d4d-a6cf-6eff1e9b70c2","year":1972},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.180502Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:77730dd72ea7cac73e208b6058ef30c0b510a70929e36b6fd6f5ecd3da5de065","observation_id":"05c384e5-d7b3-4e76-b726-59fdc8295647","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.547623Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.1177/23969415221085827","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.525149Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"1eb6161c-c163-477a-b9d9-e5dfacc77dcc","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.184377Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:97ae2728ec0bd098e8743a388922554fe3f966656d1aaeac4874f90cc53e1949","observation_id":"4cf60bde-bd35-4814-861a-04b9f8a73a54","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.531133Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.188740Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.188740Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e4a7f9e713bcba859dbce20c3b124ad3db0263d7036ac22e9e49b0f1d67b5e71","observation_id":"e102e089-c2b6-41cd-85b3-9e3fc4fa9a4e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.188740Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.3758/s13428-019-01316-z","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.502871Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f45a8dcf-6fe6-4392-b6c0-3a3f9f1bc8cd","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.193498Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d36072225359e088301d1ad3dbc4dc668282167baf241396c56faa7b9a061d8b","observation_id":"d1cfc9a6-7e8b-4f67-b903-ffc45068cb81","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.507224Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.615618Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"0c46466f-52eb-4774-a5fa-1cb91e3aa8ab","year":1998},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.197351Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:173d356b031f6031194ecf0dad4299b9b9787bf6eb1f3786c7f3ffcab82c72a2","observation_id":"60649da2-d1c4-49ae-9beb-3afb2bac7622","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.620261Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.18653/v1/d19-6402","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.488408Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8c55507a-7b43-454b-9ff8-c17e2f27caff","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.202782Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6e73ebc4cca7305c937617d11c329a3da33375e8767fe2d575fb93b2ab1a35e6","observation_id":"00916adf-8f18-43e8-9816-784b14f7fb0a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.492849Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2406.10851","last_updated":"2024-09-30T01:24:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T13:42:35.915246Z","submitted_at":"2024-06-16T08:44:56Z","title":"Leading Whitespaces of Language Models' Subword Vocabulary Pose a Confound for Calculating Word Probabilities","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2406.10851","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2406.10851","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.089507Z","title":"Leading Whitespaces of Language Models' Subword Vocabulary Pose a Confound for Calculating Word Probabilities","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"95c71c0a-aef3-410c-815b-892cb138c402","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.209622Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2406.10851","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:537083675fc8b1e3b4c012b98573400370d66e8d949204dcc35dac4d131a131e","observation_id":"680ad9bf-316c-461a-a0c0-58396bedc553","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.095330Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.214825Z","title":"Zhang, Coleman Haley, Kenneth Steimel, Han Liu, and Lane Schwartz","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.214825Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:004e2578350c343ecfc7970de32356a6f901f65eee086dbdb027111609b409f4","observation_id":"111acb53-ac4c-49ba-a982-9710ae3f7c4d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.214825Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.599034Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"dead8a7f-e6a5-4ca9-bd65-df1eb9daef2b","year":2006},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.219840Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a8919e2b5607844671fb816786aa6d557c00f775fb9d0048ba13515da8b51678","observation_id":"0d6d3d54-2275-405f-9b92-4718518c8590","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.604400Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2406.14561","last_updated":"2024-10-12T16:04:53Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T13:40:59.838071Z","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T17:59:42Z","title":"How to Compute the Probability of a Word","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2406.14561","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2406.14561","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.056554Z","title":"How to Compute the Probability of a Word","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"68d50b43-4889-4c3c-87a1-ae347999467c","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.224755Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2406.14561","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9bba616ff4205e877f029dfe5ef232d1aa2efd280846ebd027bab4c92245c84c","observation_id":"76bad85a-21e4-4201-8bdf-09e91bd1218f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.062094Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":"10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.137","metadata_source":"doi_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.460632Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f5c597ed-0a2a-4f09-a0f8-d8f8107bb0ef","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.229684Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8224d2b2ffc2b4d47c0f021e1da8e3b581b5493b818ea909d9d51a47a0d75dbb","observation_id":"76d4d688-a75b-4357-b32c-57363a343cfa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.468378Z","resolver_source":"doi","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.582661Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"cc22ceea-1bab-4044-ad99-247a8c341f2a","year":1994},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.234305Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a2b032a5bb518393bf8fa5475ab16b6ab3c1f07c66dc23f5ce08a2b74705cbc1","observation_id":"8285b2d0-fe9e-4de5-99c3-72d3ef06f37f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.588133Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.240760Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.240760Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:39e184ec1dd02eebfb586dae6bc4aac6427a7966dcd5606f9a1bd617cfe37945","observation_id":"65f3ef33-a40e-40b3-85d6-f7aab7675c39","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.240760Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.249290Z","title":"Khapra, Sarath Chandar, and Balaraman Ravindran","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.249290Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:41f38d0fec5547344401ddb5051b5667428c69275d5162cda5eed4c242e2f9ee","observation_id":"fb3529a6-e0f5-4124-ba2c-a3b3dc2f2fa5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.249290Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.567218Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"7ca23ce1-f1f0-44ee-9045-d752a727189f","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.257453Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a631670df306665e658751de5c2a03dd7a501423c2a327745622bf5770e60831","observation_id":"89f51a3c-a729-4a2f-b70d-c064170da6c7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.571673Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.261939Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2009},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":52,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.261939Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8a2fcd133b9ff059ebc2cc30f29a96f6e0ac5d0364c88216553a63bc68c945b8","observation_id":"075af65b-65e7-4b35-a7d5-631b6595ed9b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.261939Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.552491Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"dd8b463f-14f5-4af7-be18-216e6376c4c8","year":2000},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":53,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.266162Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dfb26f431e389aed743324f07b79afe82e407202aaf50e55d32fd45fa8c61d6b","observation_id":"9301c797-a746-4bf5-abaa-afc6734ee3a6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.557418Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.270790Z","title":"Scott, Anne Keitel, Marc Becirspahic, Bo Yao, and Sara C","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":54,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.270790Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6d1d56b75a177929662226d0039f590527a95437a95776269dd93cdf82fbdb60","observation_id":"95aa974c-261f-4ff3-983a-760d83f471dc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.270790Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.275122Z","title":"Smith and Roger Levy","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.275122Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:675e692a2937d80734290e59fba081eb283062c31b0feb7f0bcf67cd7557a20e","observation_id":"40e6bd4c-9cad-4313-90db-74fd384b4d4b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.275122Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.279841Z","title":"Forthcoming","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":56,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.279841Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:707ce54232f12b586dfe0d5d6e8b3951570aa3cec0e8772fb7c8ac07a0c562a2","observation_id":"9e23c002-1bda-4207-8ea3-eedcd6249a73","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.279841Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.284276Z","title":"Thapliyal, Jordi Pont Tuset, Xi Chen, and Radu Soricut","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":57,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.284276Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ad0b5296f5742de7037fc3cc1f07cc8ebff11b7bf3484cc5f03dad346a30d4c2","observation_id":"feea559f-398a-4636-969d-e4e2f20e110d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.284276Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"abs/2775440","doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.023940Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"7043be3e-5b92-4081-9479-734c09131f4e","year":1970},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":58,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.288427Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e5f16227e60ae7de4c75d0248137d7ba7a339c89b46bbad80460f86fb5422ee0","observation_id":"7df57a41-3407-4d36-afe1-3c8c2c0536c9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.032962Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.536202Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d4417661-2887-4097-80a6-5ec12a97cdc4","year":1983},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":59,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.293132Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:20897e65b50e42b945f9f3212ee3da378a1228474b27709828f5c4146506070a","observation_id":"9d6f40c5-d329-47eb-8f53-d1061d5e3fb1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:10.542848Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.297036Z","title":"Wilcox, Tiago Pimentel, Clara Meister, Ryan Cotterell, and Roger P","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":60,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.297036Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ecae69e86660e6ad9bf95230a711f8e534190b8c1afb8e42d588d623ecadf777","observation_id":"b76bdeca-71db-454d-9b8d-91514fc5992c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.297036Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.301387Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":61,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.301387Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:43fd133e9981a01e1af0d97f64f6c0ab67ad294c99788205086901aa7de56589","observation_id":"80525856-b2f9-4c70-8653-61f93f08391d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.301387Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.14356","last_updated":"2025-05-12T06:18:50Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-19T11:35:57.286129Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-22T16:51:42Z","title":"Semantic and Expressive Variation in Image Captions Across Languages","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.14356","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.305908Z","title":"Hwang, Amy X","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":62,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.305908Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.14356","citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:46d4b44f2b950f1c732a8592da7de54a33e6e6f18e31e3f125465ce218ff4485","observation_id":"bc14839b-9c6a-4c55-95ef-7621edb8fda5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.305908Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.311023Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes","version":1},"reference_index":63,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.311023Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2412.10369"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e8b0e3e3426b27087167daa8a57dcd55803cc54e9ab63b19c2c3ee80bdc03f2c","observation_id":"4bc41218-3a98-4cc5-ab09-82b033480a14","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-11T15:59:09.311023Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2412.10369","last_updated":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T12:32:46.454834Z","submitted_at":"2024-12-13T18:58:48Z","title":"A Grounded Typology of Word Classes"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":63,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":44,"verified_exact":19,"verified_fuzzy":0},"total_outbound_references":63},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-20T06:33:54.927442+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 63 of 63 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.10369."}