{"as_of":"2026-08-20T03:23:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:e0905d42bfcd008af67926045ede506524772770e907361ec86af59e14eb2c3c","coverage":[{"denominator":31,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":31,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.342917Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":31,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":31,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2505.10081/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2505.10081/integrity","json":"/paper/2505.10081/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.221099Z","title":"online\" 'onlinestring :=","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.221099Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:58f6e6284f48c666000a9046ce8e333f66e413e11271c571c9973c3f1d8aab1f","observation_id":"9ae0a811-2383-4de8-aa59-1c8ed192bc9e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.221099Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.226009Z","title":"write newline","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.226009Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fd70163f3d671efb52a47da95f7c92e25a56a34b802e91872b7d8d7a007da6cf","observation_id":"3a28ca0c-667d-423e-bf11-8c40851aa0da","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.226009Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.595904Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"59dc5112-21ed-44f1-9de3-dbac7b6535a9","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.230063Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0a2fd9cf97a1e09b20e872817f147d06bc3ab421a0a16e6f704c50fa080b6e3d","observation_id":"7542e119-abab-4e4d-b49f-2493fb88f881","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.599786Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.583385Z","title":"Bamba Dione, Andiswa Bukula, Rooweither Mabuya, Bonaventure F","venue":null,"work_id":"74ddb5a5-b2cd-4f9d-a67f-24de3c37bfc9","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.233886Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:35248663ebf7cd3d19d20c06ae1148387e529ea96bc97549dc29078ca04419aa","observation_id":"6f290f56-1661-4a07-88a1-6da39a15ed5f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.587623Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.238527Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.238527Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ec3c3cdc1d1cbdc9e10c49cee782a654d734453061c7391171691e38ec3f8c92","observation_id":"57ef9c07-bc77-47aa-83ca-96bf94f6a1be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.238527Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.242247Z","title":"Alabi, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Marius Mosbach, and Dietrich Klakow","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.242247Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:db1df3b2cc70456fb6f1478c6df194adb2a09d062f02f0530a495eec5e5c36e5","observation_id":"41e80684-4eb3-4bce-a66e-1b528fa62f93","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.242247Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.559243Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"e8677627-6e61-43fb-ab0d-d28cfc91e538","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.245620Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e825e188485f7a0cb34d8d8616525d6b039d53f5add5be102579f81037f2a2f1","observation_id":"55eb82f8-5e1d-483a-92be-564fbc9137ab","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.563443Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.248710Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.248710Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b02239a1436096c5a66d4d4113c6ea9ac493aa2b7b3bf03e849a3c61099dc833","observation_id":"33ed95d6-655b-473d-a508-cf7e15c4e705","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.248710Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.252308Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.252308Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:52e2356b14746545b4dd5a18f2842e6c7408d3b175e53ed35a2925c8d13d9546","observation_id":"bd739362-6116-48b2-a534-0fa7197d61f2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.252308Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.256921Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.256921Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e69ccebfbb1a30e0a281760730d6cd7ed79be8806c63ef455e1672cbd3343f69","observation_id":"c6bba6ee-554d-47de-9bb4-765c9e2b9a47","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.256921Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.260517Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.260517Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:302e826fc810701c732702bc6d95b8fc305c49d7365499b40b33297d52e4725a","observation_id":"4fe3ac24-06af-4b66-8064-7c0660060096","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.260517Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.264449Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.264449Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:90c4e8f8c121cfc5af8b7fef8e6f10cc20b8c7584dc44794e4930d0d927a2124","observation_id":"3eb619e5-86b6-4a0d-ac8a-6bc157df3471","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.264449Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.268729Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.268729Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7d6ddfffeacf851ad035e0cd4450a60edad6b095f8ae080f7af0fa747505503e","observation_id":"13f6d094-4e3d-49ed-8dff-5e659b247f5d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.268729Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.273180Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.273180Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:934d9e688bf3857f687253384a267cf2ff3333879881817b97e7bc4b31446275","observation_id":"6a64d2c1-c679-4247-8663-823c4d05675a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.273180Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.277642Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.277642Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0480849b4815f63f577a3a17eaf1f392fa9b21eeaed9c32112414bb3f50911f7","observation_id":"a60f5457-512d-4d68-adb7-a1ce0cc3ce50","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.277642Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.542183Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a747b025-8a6b-4454-af9e-abff78ebed2b","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.281309Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:036c943b2ba7bee6bfee0976e1ec17b6bf93b3975e15b9924503d4acd4d90d0a","observation_id":"ff1915e2-31e2-4bb9-b5f3-869aa83cc7c8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.545790Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.285103Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.285103Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:50c04962ad8dce35e961a61009d3c92497c2853da94fdb8b4a2b2db62edebdf6","observation_id":"8bccbaaa-f3f2-4c32-a37d-6264411fec0f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.285103Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.525143Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"0bc5f8cf-4f19-4816-81d2-6d5125d33010","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":18,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.290408Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:93fb05c39ef1bfbae37b1697d74a36bc24a58c4cbbebb4aead3726f7388da593","observation_id":"12841ec4-56e0-48c4-bdae-40d2074b8b32","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.529228Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.293935Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":19,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.293935Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dcd7b0dfb10f09cc1f25e051c094aebe32b7aed0df280e36aa560c24a07ab268","observation_id":"e785014c-e711-4a47-9874-e91280b530e0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.293935Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.514944Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"072d6b1f-11ba-4548-b7c5-861de3b6b34e","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":20,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.298066Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c81aa73a85b53133a2d130f0ee527aea4f034f509e0d5743fd55ecc8b7e6baad","observation_id":"bb9285cd-35b4-48b6-8847-17f8fe10c9ec","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.518331Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.504500Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"c53cb1f0-3602-4428-8ece-86f26436387f","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":21,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.302623Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:eb5a3fc22a8f9f8c7f3aabc4ad8c105488b44042d265b06e547d01471b6ef09b","observation_id":"47957a5d-7403-42d1-9b96-8bfc64ce789e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.508095Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2409.14459","last_updated":"2025-01-31T01:37:22Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-16T13:16:30.457308Z","submitted_at":"2024-09-22T14:14:05Z","title":"Exploring Multilingual Probing in Large Language Models: A Cross-Language Analysis","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2409.14459","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.307114Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":22,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.307114Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2409.14459","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f04a9b75da39777cbc2b6b04c51afa83c6cefa85d9276942796d0b129579d5d8","observation_id":"c6c5ecb1-8fc3-49a5-badf-a985a9b03d7a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.307114Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2401.12874","last_updated":"2024-02-22T04:28:03Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:39.361116Z","submitted_at":"2024-01-23T16:09:53Z","title":"From Understanding to Utilization: A Survey on Explainability for Large Language Models","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2401.12874","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.311391Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":23,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.311391Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2401.12874","citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6a151b4f212fc478d51395fa5c4a1ae4d8df4888b031ec1953e4136c80a0cd8f","observation_id":"1b3bf204-0812-4fff-b425-41c40a209c7a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.311391Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.315650Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":24,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.315650Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4ec4eae857cfa01152b9ad9c94f44503d76284c4135640d8ff14595fbdef4e01","observation_id":"9eaed9de-e833-4317-8743-78556041726f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.315650Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.487251Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8d38e26d-4b7d-44ff-80a7-3dd8a35bf661","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":25,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.319559Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:92dabfdf905c5cca82be4207c61e32b3dc20592b6b086d161dc696de1a4066ea","observation_id":"b6f38ae4-5956-497c-812b-f4cb7106aa7a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.490043Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.323803Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":26,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.323803Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fa5dc7b531e2e009f7f49082d032654f9aa78e6fc7a612ddebbe8514303a992b","observation_id":"663f4b99-1cbb-4cea-ac97-47fdeccd0a9d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.323803Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.327526Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":27,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.327526Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:200340ccd14760a2f060639e6135df0eaf13c89048136ea4b2969e88530c0783","observation_id":"f0cf1398-35c2-4555-a10e-e3726c4f3062","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.327526Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.331432Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":28,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.331432Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4c8a4a05bf643df55d604bc9212817e496fe4e58362634073c5abd80ed063b36","observation_id":"79b9085d-74ac-4707-bc5d-dc28fe6fae55","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.331432Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.476964Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8b348621-4a26-4cc5-8e4e-d54b0ee074dd","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":29,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.335536Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d6e7fb6bc086efdb931a162daddd9f52e1b18f0ecd31d1510516994602b4e520","observation_id":"9eeeb335-a10c-4462-9b89-200115d5dffa","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.481312Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.339308Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":30,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.339308Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6f24e397542c53e27cb9ac62fca5297d7cdefd09841ac7c49097c94cbdcbe2c2","observation_id":"0e0ae53f-57e1-461d-96d7-407c50c2b793","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.339308Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.342917Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages","version":2},"reference_index":31,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.342917Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2505.10081"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7a7f7b9e9d2a5d8645ce088f67691328ce8fad1397a6fd26a51902e3f44eb0cc","observation_id":"b1dc4a4e-e8f6-4225-858f-9b2eb485724e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-15T21:21:03.342917Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2505.10081","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:18:27Z","latest_version":2,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-20T02:25:55.146204Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-15T08:35:14Z","title":"Designing and Contextualising Probes for African Languages"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":31,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":30,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":1},"total_outbound_references":31},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-19T06:32:39.956319+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 31 of 31 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.10081."}