{"as_of":"2026-08-08T16:49:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:73879ba942a397fabd18ff533fb36d0dee071d3906b3862eddd6acb25f1f0603","coverage":[{"denominator":85,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":85,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.609823Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":85,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":85,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2506.07424/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2506.07424/integrity","json":"/paper/2506.07424/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.08774","last_updated":"2024-03-04T06:01:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T07:30:12.213965Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-15T17:15:04Z","title":"GPT-4 Technical Report","version":6},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.08774","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.321527Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.321527Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.08774","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:01ba49f37ead57e2b18041530f58b40337c33a5b4177ab56bc27b5c48a8aa7ef","observation_id":"d0012191-c6c2-4410-98e5-cd92e28b46da","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.321527Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2502.02737","last_updated":"2025-02-04T21:43:16Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2025-02-04T21:43:16Z","title":"SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2502.02737","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.326405Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.326405Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2502.02737","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9738eb04ebd1d96af5e38512ffb3d0c4e24ae7b6ce4e8adcc60cc43dcecd6979","observation_id":"e593b581-7ce5-439b-b407-9a0b65250cb7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.326405Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2311.16867","last_updated":"2023-11-29T19:45:10Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-11-28T15:12:47Z","title":"The Falcon Series of Open Language Models","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2311.16867","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.330223Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.330223Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2311.16867","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7eb94a960c6033f60fd6e86343c55b89891d03638b24495cabc882f5a953ee70","observation_id":"7e70141f-3f6d-422e-943a-f333c3bb2267","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.330223Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.333837Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.333837Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9e66574ec9e38a31728e913fb26d97a2104f55098ca1cd9d2df42b753d60156d","observation_id":"bfe1b2ca-4480-42ec-846a-9a453c4b230d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.333837Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.337932Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2005},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.337932Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ada1586876ca8ba9556e2cd3e560dbf408389f94cedabbfe14f996daf6ba115b","observation_id":"31b66f49-4cc7-4132-adf2-e9cbbd3ad6ad","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.337932Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.341820Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.341820Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:db235637de027ec59e5bdb90478ea362744b2eb99345baef81569572016ecb9c","observation_id":"bad1841b-daf4-48de-99b2-c1dd60d272fc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.341820Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.345383Z","title":"Bowman, Gabor Angeli, Christopher Potts, and Christopher D","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.345383Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e9c85634a0a60fc357c17f650d4841cf50dd143a96768328d66a1147fe811eea","observation_id":"2c4ebd56-066c-4e6c-aa33-1a95effe22c5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.345383Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.348689Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.348689Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e194a14cadaf5857c614f5814e5986887d83bc183b2672808b2400343378f2cb","observation_id":"bbf3058c-b660-458f-831f-44f045047faf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.348689Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.448987Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"48e34702-3036-46c6-9a8a-28ba4c1cbace","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.352070Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8eea658300a831f072ad2f12ee0ce37470beeef5fd79015743123870a8ac075b","observation_id":"1304e953-de5c-4b21-844e-0b63c672a327","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.453637Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.438924Z","title":"Le, and Christopher D","venue":null,"work_id":"6a8bb9d8-021e-4baf-8771-9f983d3b09c2","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.355489Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9236cdcc23ba9f35030fa85eae3337326c5dcec5ae74cff382bf94eb208110d9","observation_id":"ba0cf464-512d-4c26-9b2d-ab9c9f0f8ec2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.442370Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.429026Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"55997a53-5f68-4b28-a8f0-bb2a8ab37a4c","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.358904Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6072c8e5b8a6394a10fcc7ee598632d3b6becefd04617e7dbd32950637ed95a3","observation_id":"223cbfa0-af16-4966-b484-790df9fe8196","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.432348Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.419415Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b2cf9b9f-9662-4960-a3df-38bc34adbf67","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.362199Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f7478ada5486441753c1898dc8ff18e9431d953045bbf347a5ce539147651b56","observation_id":"4d4d0ad2-e43f-4262-914a-2ec16ef5611a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.422630Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.365187Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2008},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.365187Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ab977b768bad45a29f255daee58b8840d52701eb65e1cbd82db15e4e28cba432","observation_id":"118beaa6-aa02-4ec2-9db8-2ebf27a0acc7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.365187Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.409592Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"56c7680f-b17a-4492-bebf-dcc78986b7d0","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.368390Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1c17f0c673c5537e367c02a8bca01f2c3bb64097573926c7114103f90b1d852b","observation_id":"b8ee8e1e-37e5-48ed-bcfc-77d21c950030","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.413061Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.400169Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"ac693318-cba0-4109-92f5-504068a418d5","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.371679Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:148a4b5fa92ced199b8171e3607fc8583ddfec8807aa4ece2cb60480275e590c","observation_id":"2fe12b67-3167-4c8c-b526-07f93874e1a7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.403343Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2407.21783","last_updated":"2024-11-23T23:27:33Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T18:55:11.576666Z","submitted_at":"2024-07-31T17:54:27Z","title":"The Llama 3 Herd of Models","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2407.21783","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.375083Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.375083Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2407.21783","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8c0e2448a169d2269f77ecd72c9a6f981dd4e857a434c4522e29efeab71bde2f","observation_id":"7b274944-4c72-4941-a704-cce064d50aef","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.375083Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.390876Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"e5393d5b-da81-413b-8915-14f848cdb726","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.378464Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:dc2c109490b6e538770cb63c2d6b6befa4942a402e81acab9b0994508fb75fbb","observation_id":"6f1a44e4-fe0c-4ac6-b226-644e12d0c520","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.394237Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.381111Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"46d69b80-f884-4f86-8376-65b8cbb8aeab","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.381619Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:78a94b1a0e992c1280399184d95003b825e58c78bf4c6d1145e6bcbd3b1033cd","observation_id":"af3033d0-7655-4710-8bde-aa6b9cb2c569","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.384339Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.371779Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a2c948fc-d64e-4353-9f0a-8f4bd76e901c","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.385008Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d75f29024e1edf5d91677ef50b7e4d6aa0ff63aad82e995b57dafedce45f5d2d","observation_id":"cea9f5a1-6a0d-4008-8981-60d3aa92124a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.375059Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.362569Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"755b18b9-5eba-4d02-bfb1-835390197a7d","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.388256Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b75c231a4cef13bac3327ae9eecaa94492b5ce93e1897a5f9314136416fcf482","observation_id":"5d45987f-614d-42c6-8cdb-1dae3e595e45","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.365822Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.352626Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"21395045-e83b-4fb4-9a9b-3a85e853d24d","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.391484Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bf307895111b6d5af8dce822503dd8a3ea2a45228ecfcae229d867c384c562c0","observation_id":"157575af-833b-4afd-a262-1e6885c31252","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.356070Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.343039Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"1d5b024f-e0b6-4c5f-8238-4018fc8f2a26","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.395151Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a61c112befbc6221f823de8661fe371d523c8f1a04003339ecf63576f9a49e29","observation_id":"dd3bf8fb-e070-42bd-a062-8f10231c539c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.346463Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.333955Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5ea70ed1-13b3-4075-976e-b30319298414","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.398160Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4586527d971ad8b3c854d89e0518284e22b7f0654e6c52fcafb214fcdb0cbd5e","observation_id":"0f035cf4-3f77-4028-8dc1-c77681ef4175","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.337130Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.324648Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"0ccf672e-e2a4-45e9-9dda-14764800951e","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.401485Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:16035ee0fd0cf2dd5c463b0b16003ecfeccdb8c450e8b6f2872510c1bdd4bb35","observation_id":"0ece705e-509f-4983-9812-fda43d2821ed","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.327869Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.313978Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"4ee07a39-eb24-4b79-9a46-01910a2f669c","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.404910Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:50adf989744715673ae54a35e0bed48afdc28196a38d34e44817cd8879def755","observation_id":"d0c3749a-3738-4a98-ab16-b7963d44baf8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.317943Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.304405Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"48635f6d-498e-41f4-a2e0-55ae3b41f427","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.408105Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f8495592fed4593fed271317df6b19a2ce0fd69ee21d10f78728a02483a5bc71","observation_id":"a326060b-f638-4330-816b-c21a92f4ef2a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.307748Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.294611Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"03133c2d-8aaf-4af1-8d05-86e6bca5cbb2","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.411369Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9c2e0af9a641c9a49bce35e89d11c2c38c1b1b7ecf1502acb931b75828c022ec","observation_id":"96be842a-4dd6-4d25-b792-dc92baf6ea61","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.297877Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.285288Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"877c9caa-8d5d-47cf-8894-725c9002d623","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.414387Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ff6468f148e56b4cd350d6a4eb7efbc85be51debc0addcf740ac280dcadad506","observation_id":"5af32e1c-a314-49a8-9395-5f9332f83af2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.288540Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2310.06825","last_updated":"2023-10-10T17:54:58Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-10-10T17:54:58Z","title":"Mistral 7B","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2310.06825","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.417406Z","title":"Jiang, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Arthur Mensch, Chris Bamford, Devendra Singh Chaplot, Diego de las Casas, Florian Bressand, Gianna Lengyel, Guillaume Lample, Lucile Saulnier, et al","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.417406Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2310.06825","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bb0c1ac0041b023d1553b3b4094edf42aa0b162fccba8b9b57e1ca3d88a5b348","observation_id":"34798937-44e7-47e8-8588-24ab92a7d75c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.417406Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.275832Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"60f3f715-ca7c-4824-9a04-bb53cfd11433","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.420937Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7a8a8fb9d00db36b926fbf04084dc1e9fb50f348f7962a1e33a63dccadea19ac","observation_id":"8b963ee6-e306-4dc5-8258-3f75bb2d62b7","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.279166Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.266855Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"356b655f-6dbe-4b69-bf64-34901501c805","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.424140Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2c5fd4693890746f1b376a365bb48359717ccce0e2f92c3589e763023efa80b7","observation_id":"f653edea-4f1c-4812-bae5-a4f9bd9a356d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.269937Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1412.6980","last_updated":"2017-01-30T01:27:54Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2014-12-22T13:54:29Z","title":"Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization","version":9},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1412.6980","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.427039Z","title":"Kingma and Jimmy Ba","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.427039Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1412.6980","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fbf470ebefe1fa04ebc12acddab9e2de9e143a372337fcfd6fe19c01c88fd5b6","observation_id":"9f3ecda2-9429-45d9-afa4-2ba2b2c85c19","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.427039Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.257427Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"db18d573-92c4-473c-a289-31d5cddca388","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.430805Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bcbe70061002efa6c545d6c25a0afba187a6980ae172a5aaf92ae98779a2596c","observation_id":"4b73d1cf-5592-43e1-beee-9a330ae5fa6f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.261079Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.248250Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"f8285dc2-60c5-4295-a274-7eb1b84602a1","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.433940Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7a441f118f7e3a0b9f386f31568dfc0a0275611dd1347d57b4855d9f5d5d501f","observation_id":"cdbdf902-204c-4b98-979e-62e19321b77d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.251470Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.238631Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"2d91f6db-b01b-4f57-8178-38466d789fc5","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.440640Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:717e09ec1c444e9282f7dd045b2f6454939bcbc1067aacf39cc61d49c1eb97ac","observation_id":"d2962394-f590-4561-ac7c-458c9705614f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.242102Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.228794Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b3944be7-3db6-4fa1-9e4c-07e990c50727","year":2004},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.444108Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f8a8d7e5c5203765fa83249ed0e4904841e64bdad2582f69813d69a0333fb4b7","observation_id":"57ddfd95-67b6-4683-8adf-db662d0a5a14","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.232184Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.219609Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"99fb1262-bb6b-49e6-811b-6dc7d44de375","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.447358Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:79fb2d44f7dc3ecf0995575334bda9cde2015f73a67d10a6583e1559804b5d2f","observation_id":"7eb8bb52-0ade-4748-86aa-5817b9282e2b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.222635Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.209896Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"97b165ef-e4e9-4b30-8aa1-42fdafe6012d","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.450575Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2926e58eaf7c96a63cca43c195e163240b74fd4d53fe0e8b1e1733040b7dab1d","observation_id":"497ad5b3-35f2-4f05-85fa-b96b18975615","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.213227Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1907.11692","last_updated":"2019-07-26T17:48:29Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-31T22:31:37.910868Z","submitted_at":"2019-07-26T17:48:29Z","title":"RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1907.11692","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.454155Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.454155Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1907.11692","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6e690d4d8325ad3f2593171c10ecc7d000b9f9d94e1ad6858b32631f9f739a26","observation_id":"9e8cda73-5410-4ced-ae4a-f7b5fd223ad3","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.454155Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.200349Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"461e58bf-2212-4e5a-a071-3d8e995b112b","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.457862Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df6dea5295bb81a15fea27a33de4fb8f530b9e9db8b5e23f42225d4adbf0ecf2","observation_id":"29634c14-aba7-4796-9111-be91f28d41cf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.203524Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2409.15790","last_updated":"2025-02-26T06:34:55Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-04T07:43:40.230682Z","submitted_at":"2024-09-24T06:36:56Z","title":"Small Language Models: Survey, Measurements, and Insights","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2409.15790","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.461026Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.461026Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2409.15790","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bb4790d692b6dae7e9d7b5b9e245ddd372b465144acef6794ea4d08c9cc297d5","observation_id":"d3064679-5809-4fd9-82ec-ea219a2655bc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.461026Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2308.08747","last_updated":"2025-01-05T04:09:00Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2023-08-17T02:53:23Z","title":"An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning","version":5},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2308.08747","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.464456Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":42,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.464456Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2308.08747","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4ec75c292ac7cfb7a9692c1a7d6a25047d18347aa6a1279d273b57993fce5aa4","observation_id":"97249449-5a85-469a-a125-97adf94da0b4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.464456Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.191030Z","title":"Maas, Raymond E","venue":null,"work_id":"7004bae7-63d7-4ab8-8f1f-7c23b0d6d2dd","year":2011},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":43,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.468128Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0a12e5efa893432f2d4e19930955f3c77ec3084afa73f3a7fd44503fb855dfcd","observation_id":"feb31a2d-8371-4a19-85a8-2d3a90e8dbb1","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.194355Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.181787Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"16c3e2f2-e308-4606-8513-f40b385848ed","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":44,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.471335Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:fb149f4388e5e1504e98ea66f9b5976b59acb1c486797a29e6c92ce7ab29c90d","observation_id":"8bb839ab-b0de-486d-be3a-411969c31b98","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.185174Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.172446Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a311e30c-6269-4ca3-a3ad-01f3b2c40694","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":45,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.474567Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3369b5c92580ccd1f72c2b4b290fec35d128dc39f3e58235a5393e6dc127362c","observation_id":"4c8bd55f-e1db-4431-b063-4804a847c722","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.175801Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2402.06196","last_updated":"2025-03-23T14:51:01Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2024-02-09T05:37:09Z","title":"Large Language Models: A Survey","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2402.06196","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.477830Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":46,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.477830Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2402.06196","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b063b35e02f023dd23bf248e2e4d4f565103c36b39c9d6c09f90a7f2468f77e7","observation_id":"cf1459b2-bdc2-4de9-8d0d-4918c2974daf","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.477830Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.163236Z","title":"u l c ehre, and Bing Xiang","venue":null,"work_id":"8dd4b756-9b7f-4ded-b821-191a20a63306","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":47,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.481159Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a790ed1d627ac5519fa45d61a7fb981c86befc848432edccb82aaf554963cddc","observation_id":"62043d96-e744-46eb-9850-72d13deefd30","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.166555Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2012.08958","last_updated":"2021-04-15T01:38:24Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T10:25:01.363271Z","submitted_at":"2020-12-16T13:57:31Z","title":"Costs to Consider in Adopting NLP for Your Business","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":"2012.08958","doi":null,"metadata_source":"pith","pith_arxiv_id":"2012.08958","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.686160Z","title":"Costs to Consider in Adopting NLP for Your Business","venue":"cs.CL","work_id":"993ebfde-e9b2-4a36-9351-4d89da5be8e1","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":48,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.484270Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2012.08958","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d7701e31abf166b49dc560e69873bb70a2f06f3dbbe199904805aa0cff016a87","observation_id":"aaf90b35-f27b-4432-982b-d314af01ae2f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.692024Z","resolver_source":"local_arxiv","status":"verified_exact"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.153885Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"109fd020-c153-4175-a4b6-7a32d5b5dbcd","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":49,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.487739Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f1660b7d1437cee0954776ead5f3a80f8bd55f0db7df424238abb010f73c59b0","observation_id":"e155c923-cbd6-4941-8ac5-ae5e23e72d3d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.157148Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.144925Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"3fb16f6b-3a1b-4d73-a5f0-c0711a4373d9","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":50,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.491521Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b52992c2f5695745aa8b84bc5b57229c3c0fba22c5c59b1763ff14ed2007e8b8","observation_id":"30a4d1fd-52a5-4185-9fcf-bf408a85bf08","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.148068Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.135696Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"aea4bbda-6280-433f-846a-693b03331d9d","year":2002},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":51,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.495155Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7ee1729dff365576055b7b24319c2266c4090d05516ba23f373e5ffdc70b5d06","observation_id":"5fd9236c-12b3-47d8-b595-60c388b9c443","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.138998Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.126412Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"ad48870d-96b5-4ed9-95dc-0fa9270793c3","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":52,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.498488Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:aa794d8282ca1b82da71b851e480129712fb5319fc345c152f4c0fac388b1cf9","observation_id":"e45297ab-d930-496e-91ec-7582de8d31b2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.129581Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.117217Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"ce91b960-020f-45e6-9350-d576af5431e7","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":53,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.501810Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:87d96211063bc829f8d1dbd29f847c6c3c4b914eb2c3babd76a70f330dd20ed9","observation_id":"31ea4308-dd29-4f0e-9b9d-440f1523f6be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.120452Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.107813Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"732dbbbe-50c2-4017-86be-459a5665ef00","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":54,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.505093Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:187ed6cd52ddc689c16ec6926d200283625ff637b1930b343b0bd93c2add0812","observation_id":"a4553ef5-4051-430b-b98d-9299ca0b6b42","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.111348Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.098400Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5149d02b-2224-48b0-a178-e35ef59111a1","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":55,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.509046Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cc3d288a6094ce962aec81c2d2415f9802a0e9a607316f7d43b378e658d0ec20","observation_id":"2444c390-d83f-4403-a54c-776541cca2fc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.101929Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.088911Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"305822b5-9507-47fa-8dce-d2c931b0b1ec","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":56,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.512126Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:377c77f16089040bca7168ec7e6d2cd6daa733f90e249b01f84ca18a61e031f7","observation_id":"c4064eb7-1731-4ad6-a06f-ad8bc9cab238","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.092170Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.078909Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"17669c89-d642-4456-a870-c47988ebaa5e","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":57,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.515399Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:624b3b85a4d5d9c76d5b8fc8a1f50fbaffc278001c8dc4802d54617867e26ede","observation_id":"50959e2b-46c4-43da-90af-3ff2fb938156","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.082338Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.069316Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"fc92ed75-a835-432c-b6af-ee3ab0e0cb5a","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":58,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.518704Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e2d2795ae63e069b013659824d5a15c3b9de3e885fe0e321de11fffdc96d1c4c","observation_id":"2b420d74-aad7-4afb-ac5d-f05f234615ba","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.072703Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.059049Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"2a34fc78-adc0-4794-8edc-c592ca3c94d0","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":59,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.522264Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d64204156d650f304974fd668281c9a8ee936dd3424c6512251659e2dc561bea","observation_id":"981238a3-35fe-4130-b60e-f8e13d7d7438","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.062826Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.049688Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"1fb3384a-e138-4c00-b19b-97b0f286cf5d","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":60,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.525564Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ae51e898a856c518246ed865e18bd6ba8af3fe2baed96d13dd2d28fdc9962428","observation_id":"577bdd43-5a4f-4da3-add9-2b5dbe79bedb","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.052860Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.039276Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"519546dd-b403-488e-a3c9-4e2d9c3b3e90","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":61,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.528943Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7687649d832e8decf50e9873ae67993d9ec0e9c9cb3f7c438ea60862a49c3831","observation_id":"0c249e6c-32f5-4fbd-9a4f-45b40e8abc3d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.043334Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.029596Z","title":"Manning, Andrew Ng, and Christopher Potts","venue":null,"work_id":"f8ba64af-2961-471b-a3b8-5ece57dc0957","year":2013},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":62,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.532102Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2849a7b9ebab1dc479b35a4be73890761c4ddc20d679ed98b02e4d27cc217fb2","observation_id":"92777807-ad6c-4f31-bf48-1e7c512b9624","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.033177Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2408.00118","last_updated":"2024-10-02T15:22:49Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-02T16:20:09.773989Z","submitted_at":"2024-07-31T19:13:07Z","title":"Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2408.00118","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.535367Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":63,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.535367Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2408.00118","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c66a2c128845af15966abd69795d4a00696f411ae33d73c8cbb7ad067bae1399","observation_id":"1c861d2f-c344-4ccb-b2d5-c2d22ecbc108","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.535367Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.020493Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"2da883aa-70ae-44b4-8259-241e592032f1","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":64,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.538809Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1bcb78f0737c067f669b0eb8ee5c8b209065027f33e4a8b0d794dea105411ec1","observation_id":"62f7f342-6c5a-499f-96b7-4537c05655cd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.023709Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.011329Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"bf7597b4-c677-4d12-87ef-47bb30f06aa2","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":65,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.541994Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:12502dd4823e1dd09590b7b875c2812db9269959245ae2e7012bed7e454c94d6","observation_id":"fa238e1a-2291-4c2f-ae3e-e5071de3b4f6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.014560Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.000922Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b8a3f7ea-18e9-4c0f-8685-d12a19fef373","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":66,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.545333Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5f1e89a3419e5a2511169522d58763716832d764f976eb0570d207a24ac5f931","observation_id":"81f44f94-ddc6-47c5-ae39-0440158d2695","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:25.005047Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.991519Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"d032c930-5073-461e-9e56-a45e62b3ce4f","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":67,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.548549Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ef06f8a11f5d0f61144a58566aeb508ac89fe5ed11f69d568f2fff5b75398c9f","observation_id":"c185cd7d-44e9-4e62-8f05-290e83c3ecb9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.994843Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.981988Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"08823232-062c-4e84-befc-621b35451b7f","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":68,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.551468Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4df7b1250d9019ba450976aeefb947bd6b1e105a17cb6a8750ddd07c2da64fa6","observation_id":"043336bd-ce5e-4711-a183-add07a3d582b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.985346Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.972346Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"cc6f23c7-7656-4f29-b75c-37cc9bf4d5e2","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":69,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.554685Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:da5e33b3ab439148e1772c0b57b20f3eec0da2cd19dba187495e1c0c74efa660","observation_id":"f499b76c-98c3-4928-a80c-b636c168dd66","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.975464Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2301.08727","last_updated":"2023-01-25T08:01:55Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T14:43:16.371886Z","submitted_at":"2023-01-20T18:47:24Z","title":"Neural Architecture Search: Insights from 1000 Papers","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2301.08727","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.558000Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":70,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.558000Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2301.08727","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3c00327fb3b744861cf05aacf2f5386bf1957e88257f16f77532133bf1a1584f","observation_id":"73163f6d-8bc5-49c8-9990-44286b56e519","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.558000Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.962273Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"67cb09c9-8d61-4399-b68c-7779ba352cc4","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":71,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.562430Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5ef0546b63bba1f1b27b79ec3019adc4a2469d1f046c4e38ccc7efb6056b4cd1","observation_id":"6f17c1ae-4386-4f42-aea5-993668a8eed6","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.965526Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.952319Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"38a99548-beb5-4fbb-8d7d-873f622337e4","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":72,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.566248Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:df2b04495187ff0afdf263ab7c87d09b8536f3e2b730075eb2f4c70c26f46675","observation_id":"3cae0b7e-cf09-46f0-8546-0060d806ed86","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.955852Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2407.10671","last_updated":"2024-09-10T13:25:53Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T02:11:23.670680Z","submitted_at":"2024-07-15T12:35:42Z","title":"Qwen2 Technical Report","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2407.10671","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.569312Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":73,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.569312Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2407.10671","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1e67636c4cff60881d6e148711ab0cf0aed2f09793024c420d5d0804c5fa4079","observation_id":"eeb66a70-dfa1-4aff-a9cb-fbfaee41c760","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.569312Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.942411Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"9d134a68-b8f5-445d-a4aa-b3cd056284fa","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":74,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.573311Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:be90c2d06f14255e2b52968f452f0cab9ce59cc81cbf2927e63c21f501767857","observation_id":"712dbe16-ff89-4406-87de-8db19c0ffd42","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.945708Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.932525Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"b914d157-22c8-45ea-8950-9f7839895a6e","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":75,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.576800Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e86d15197efd602abf312023e9f8208f917d81a981835137ce88cd0bc9a13c2b","observation_id":"67810846-9108-4965-a1a7-0e67d8a39708","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.935812Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2308.10092","last_updated":"2023-08-19T18:58:32Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T04:36:47.047645Z","submitted_at":"2023-08-19T18:58:32Z","title":"Open, Closed, or Small Language Models for Text Classification?","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2308.10092","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.579913Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":76,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.579913Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2308.10092","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5a335a959af438911683edc989da9489da77cc263f3eba02023c49e1695492f0","observation_id":"bbf4907f-d3a5-4b8b-baab-745bfdc58786","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.579913Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.921610Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"5f3827db-d0ad-4e5a-8184-331c3bdc9aae","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":77,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.583319Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:c4087fb5a349891f784b6edc536542160b44d38c0b16efcccc57e21eb0eabe93","observation_id":"eed6446f-6367-4c4e-ab8d-8001c8521cbc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.925701Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.910765Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a9ab91c8-4a21-40d3-a182-aeeb40db5ff8","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":78,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.586652Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ed4c033b96d0a938ff1f5821f79507d159a7c88c5b83a72e61f8c75db465c955","observation_id":"34da6396-36df-4514-8a1b-701083ff5ead","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.914345Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.900142Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"6471c130-92ac-4161-8389-ef5c66e8da83","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":79,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.589848Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:1ee615a06e86250e4a6949e68f0bc8f153f6edc94553f8490b82c4052f416953","observation_id":"aff09e1e-5ceb-4ab6-a7e6-8852b9b5022d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.904077Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.889497Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"8fb8e80f-ad8e-413a-954f-1df1b48b714e","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":80,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.593282Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:95afa13f9229d5dcf4173a7034413f0b567880063376c91aa46d2647eb735ad6","observation_id":"708eef7c-ee41-4b0f-9bcc-e56d109a2b4e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.892942Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.878745Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"c9072971-0d85-470f-b749-ab8b43d45132","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":81,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.596516Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a67413ce2536e64b850c12b7ae5dbaade46166816542494af329a9359ee8ba43","observation_id":"84993cb2-f21d-434b-b38a-e853d9fa3cae","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.882734Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2303.18223","last_updated":"2026-03-18T05:34:39Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-06T23:27:24.356320Z","submitted_at":"2023-03-31T17:28:46Z","title":"A Survey of Large Language Models","version":19},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2303.18223","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.599678Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":82,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.599678Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2303.18223","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:56a3d61b04ab22776cb75e8fc2c66c160c334acbf2c4fccfccbc7ed8b3ce24f6","observation_id":"b9c0fb3d-7c33-457a-b902-77ba458bf688","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.599678Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.868246Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"a50892c5-9732-4546-9fbf-13a81b8f38cf","year":2024},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":83,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.603011Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7c5e4bd07ae27f9b58aca290558493ba75373cd5cb275c1b1520370cab8bb238","observation_id":"2dfab8e1-7c2d-4f80-89ee-b519e53ae197","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.872008Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.606131Z","title":"URL: \" 'urlintro :=","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":84,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.606131Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bd2b3ba93928979f598f0edf89ccebeee02f9ee7048b91863cd38e48fe474642","observation_id":"a042de6f-2db0-469e-9bd0-d2f20a6f225c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.606131Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.609823Z","title":"write newline","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models","version":1},"reference_index":85,"source":"arxiv_source","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.609823Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.07424"},"observation_digest":"sha256:afd495a3704386807bae47f849f697ba08cc2366cdd0e1e983777e008e6d2b28","observation_id":"63f12f09-dfc9-4184-90e2-c6311b0b839a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:40:24.609823Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.07424","last_updated":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.CL","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T05:32:00.650285Z","submitted_at":"2025-06-09T04:45:13Z","title":"Plug-in and Fine-tuning: Bridging the Gap between Small Language Models and Large Language Models"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":85,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":80,"verified_exact":1,"verified_fuzzy":4},"total_outbound_references":85},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 85 of 85 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.07424."}