{"as_of":"2026-08-08T14:13:00Z","caps":{"database_statements":6,"inbound":100,"outbound":100},"context_digest":"sha256:ce68bbe0bcf8f714e3414bb1de9071529631d824640f593074c5dfb252da7881","coverage":[{"denominator":42,"lane":"reference_resolution","note":"Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.","records_observed":42,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.646644Z","state":"measured"},{"denominator":42,"lane":"standing_notices","note":"One-hop event checks from named stored sources.","records_observed":42,"source":"scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache","source_observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","state":"measured"},{"denominator":0,"lane":"inbound_itemization","note":"Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.","records_observed":0,"source":"paper_references, paper_reference_links","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"},{"denominator":1,"lane":"external_citation_measurements","note":"A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.","records_observed":0,"source":"cited_works","source_observed_at":null,"state":"measured"}],"external_citation_measurements":[],"inbound":[],"links":{"evidence":"/evidence","html":"/paper/2506.11030/citation-record","integrity":"/paper/2506.11030/integrity","json":"/paper/2506.11030/citation-record.json","paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"outbound":[{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:06.215183Z","title":"Rumelhart, Geoffrey E","venue":null,"work_id":"679f02eb-2d7c-4784-871d-2c70b6ce4832","year":1986},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":1,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:55.717858Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8e4b7e5036d6e9dffb94dc57d999b64aadd623b8badde5a82764073d4640b9d0","observation_id":"4476e44a-6fba-48a5-a9f8-3114f3cd703d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:06.277656Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:55.804180Z","title":"Gomez, Łukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":2,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:55.804180Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9d71f2f2f595727eed1c68f0fe0683668ed686be79ac92f5dbd4be5612841763","observation_id":"15c1d8d8-0238-4eb3-a194-b96cb8c60dd5","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:55.804180Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:06.022366Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"12af7371-a7c5-4847-b7eb-2dc4a56c82a0","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":3,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:55.938091Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e28cbee587b2d9957770010376b82ab99c5360a3db097fc052ae9042327c42fa","observation_id":"23d7fdcd-22b0-4d4e-94c0-c7ce89601e1e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:06.103818Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.863699Z","title":"Whittington and Rafal Bogacz","venue":null,"work_id":"3effa8a5-dbb7-4003-8405-5de23580cac6","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":4,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.019954Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:cfc36cad7a4590901b67d3a0912c6fea8526688ea2942af6bca0a372aa7df760","observation_id":"10ef198a-17f5-42c3-836e-2872811f3f16","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.939441Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.724676Z","title":"Kendall, R","venue":null,"work_id":"c359a8ac-5128-4012-bc52-303654402a03","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":5,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.101915Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4073abb2dfdf7af074eb0be8644d0bd1e0b83cf3658ba0e49cd336de61bcff07","observation_id":"9f7c806a-024b-478b-95a4-96088af5233c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.782686Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.472427Z","title":"Alec Talin, Matthew J","venue":null,"work_id":"6414e512-303d-46e5-aaf0-21b55f8ce44b","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":6,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.231984Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3e3826519e3030d458dc03e3c8c6f7d0b29973c0533c982912ca7d88aeeaf05c","observation_id":"566736a3-8dcc-4839-ae16-acc29c7b701e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.588847Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.286754Z","title":"Stanley Williams, and Vivek Srikumar","venue":null,"work_id":"ee629095-f6de-4d7d-98e7-c83dbfa43518","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":7,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.348385Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:861b9bcb88d6d4c31d34039c39ce5062d8915509bb112268cb38359a0247743e","observation_id":"e436eb07-15c3-47c7-8531-204c8b3b0404","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.383642Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.127671Z","title":"Stanley Williams, J","venue":null,"work_id":"c4322438-af19-4b3a-bb6c-06920bc6eb41","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":8,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.455016Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:5443984464e740c8d54267ef6761b9d8ae1f51fff4a1a5acd1b2e43069aa10db","observation_id":"c63b15b0-3e18-4c46-942f-d133073c2bc9","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.223241Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.891403Z","title":"Design considerations for efficient deep neural networks on processing-in- memory accelerators","venue":null,"work_id":"1034c902-2a9a-41d7-9a6e-8f3dbf1c1f7f","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":9,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.528556Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f6baa8688f22a2bb27f10d9e0c880df3733e0a1b99336c67197d938196b67bf0","observation_id":"040cd68b-e762-4160-8c2c-63723484d55b","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:05.005429Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.760596Z","title":"Lillicrap, Adam Santoro, Luke Marris, Colin J","venue":null,"work_id":"342ec01f-6f9e-4456-a8e1-1570fbc3c0bc","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":10,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.619638Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a8981c76420f0584df5ced660ff1aece9929461a83473ccd5f04daf2ebd5c0e4","observation_id":"3078e605-4146-47db-875a-a84eff89cf4e","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.814889Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.534061Z","title":"Bengio, P","venue":null,"work_id":"f0f88e96-6323-4743-909c-3a93113a9ba6","year":1994},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":11,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.720928Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:8b3e5dd725e3e92687aa81f0009e33e57fd9918da35bace671e0782062e5e363","observation_id":"b3c7b767-6b5c-4c79-b320-cfec0a0b28d4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.640655Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.361134Z","title":"The recent excitement about neural networks.Nature, 337(6203):129–132, January 1989","venue":null,"work_id":"d0c38f9e-537b-46b7-845c-86fe0e1a887c","year":1989},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":12,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.813481Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:e16f77d0255feaf9a7b5aebb7f1ca8ec1f6888cbfc300a64abb1c9287f12116d","observation_id":"e49db558-ca82-4978-b5e9-847c3de2e161","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.479341Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.218422Z","title":"Energy-based learning algorithms for analog computing: A comparative study","venue":null,"work_id":"cb1c3bbf-0509-457e-916f-ec8a775ed718","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":13,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.893346Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4b689071a03f8876b9eda233532d61b05f9c9c028854515f599d66b0bc1c302e","observation_id":"75c7c7a4-c5c4-44f7-bc23-5bb8f2c19a8a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.278673Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.024532Z","title":"Lillicrap, Daniel Cownden, Douglas B","venue":null,"work_id":"f752cc40-19c3-4a43-9ca5-719b3e2bb144","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":14,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:56.968616Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:d2b646c2af2f6ed8a3249b9f9c1d6204f46db426f973ccfec4d4c41192f5eb72","observation_id":"d56f6f8b-8b73-4b76-93e2-e14727b4db55","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:04.118750Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1407.7906","last_updated":"2014-09-18T13:30:31Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T03:50:24.056020Z","submitted_at":"2014-07-29T23:32:44Z","title":"How Auto-Encoders Could Provide Credit Assignment in Deep Networks via Target Propagation","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1407.7906","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.054611Z","title":"How auto-encoders could provide credit assignment in deep networks via target propaga- tion.ArXiv, abs/1407.7906, 2014","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2014},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":15,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.054611Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1407.7906","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9c282ae49d9e146c57151e7d53ae49f1d80e7601a3fc18e88688eaac687ffad6","observation_id":"4cb30c5b-91b0-4118-9958-351287551db0","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.054611Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2212.13345","last_updated":"2022-12-27T02:54:46Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-08T05:12:54.739479Z","submitted_at":"2022-12-27T02:54:46Z","title":"The Forward-Forward Algorithm: Some Preliminary Investigations","version":1},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2212.13345","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.158763Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":16,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.158763Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2212.13345","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:94391ef8777af95a6d0e4277b7aaa8ee8ce8ccf196165f9c2b958958f65e39fd","observation_id":"e18ceba2-b6c4-4c1a-8d09-9f80db2211e4","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.158763Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2107.12979","last_updated":"2022-07-12T19:51:47Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T11:33:05.379999Z","submitted_at":"2021-07-27T17:44:21Z","title":"Predictive Coding: a Theoretical and Experimental Review","version":4},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2107.12979","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.242611Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":17,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.242611Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2107.12979","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3e0b4ee49b4548fb34d1f1d50dcc030e8f35d2a18365185ee4eb44539410fda4","observation_id":"5da84cf6-4ae6-4a09-985d-9b896c78b161","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.242611Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.838540Z","title":"Direct feedback alignment provides learning in deep neural networks","venue":null,"work_id":"49480374-d937-464e-a8eb-6bf39138a40e","year":2016},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":18,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.333581Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3c8d329d9d8f9d307747a98e109d5032a8e2794e90dbe36ff0b47508e3cfa918","observation_id":"cf1cb626-e027-4401-b9fb-8d18fdea7fe2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.933827Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.658595Z","title":"Learning without feedback: Fixed random learning signals allow for feedforward training of deep neural networks.Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15:629892, 2021","venue":null,"work_id":"9cedbf72-6227-40a0-a4aa-2901c96ea6ca","year":2021},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":19,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.424522Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3e4bb60ea478488a4e153d17ce0727b1f1ef3c04dce6fcb87fcdd9e996986c16","observation_id":"e3eb3547-f3ae-40fd-922c-1b8d51d29b1a","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.751035Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.458344Z","title":"Equilibrium propagation: Bridging the gap between energy-based models and backpropagation.Frontiers in computational neuroscience, 11:24, 2017","venue":null,"work_id":"581d1f73-89a4-4f99-9d4a-771ce7ffc31a","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":20,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.527449Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:2e039e4fbc89171d9bf280944abc2c35f59bbed09692e2cbd3c67de12bdfaeb6","observation_id":"8c6ab6a2-7996-4231-b621-7dafe8872e88","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.542364Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.262467Z","title":"Difference target propagation","venue":null,"work_id":"d50acfb2-5881-4f35-994a-e4b9c677800f","year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":21,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.616598Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:9c1f0a7c5e916de721fedfd7641fd61569f3c04e118df4d733da5416da070c95","observation_id":"8e897105-3e84-4a69-9015-f2d84686d155","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.370024Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.066119Z","title":"A theoretical framework for target propagation.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 33:20024–20036, 2020","venue":null,"work_id":"ba5242ab-dec8-4fa5-ae2d-17b4ba93f36c","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":22,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.709187Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:264ff2bc8adef46266db12ceb765c304dcc0528e578d4d270516c58e2ebff6df","observation_id":"6344f603-ceb9-41ae-98a7-dcad7ee837fd","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:03.160394Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.916651Z","title":"Towards scaling difference target propagation by learning backprop targets","venue":null,"work_id":"db42d7a3-9b9c-4254-9176-7a29b3b18516","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":23,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.828053Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a752314511d3a985d876dd0726190ad2d3618b67fd0462399d36a8469ccf4e5a","observation_id":"a58a3ea0-3f16-4259-af54-48a70f9b5808","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.989081Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.752183Z","title":"Ororbia and Ankur Mali","venue":null,"work_id":"dbd3fc80-fe63-4218-9384-bbf1666eac41","year":2019},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":24,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:57.948186Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:50455f452c8353e5d2631bc066382985587fbb8b8e2549612b1bb66f73c83a46","observation_id":"18e275a3-4d80-4efc-be46-8fb0bbf06152","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.825347Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.529596Z","title":"Ororbia, Ankur Mali, Daniel Kifer, and C","venue":null,"work_id":"584ad41f-3f06-45a0-9823-eba74908fa29","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":25,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.029130Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:48f41701b9a3b08d5190b39a33d5b767a60c875db0a6b5e6e4574a2be51a204b","observation_id":"26b2a7c8-a018-4b7a-9a89-67a463c58c5f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.644583Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.330383Z","title":"Fixed-weight difference target propagation.Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 37(8):9811–9819, June 2023","venue":null,"work_id":"1aec74f8-5a3f-42bc-93a8-04198e0e4e5b","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":26,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.154694Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:63863205eab7c016457f38ce70f4baee13c3aca5181046ac10c859ad98027b61","observation_id":"c424dede-3dd7-47a8-9f64-5e82338c2074","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.415152Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.119075Z","title":"Error-driven input modulation: Solving the credit assignment problem without a backward pass","venue":null,"work_id":"8e5527c7-22c8-4f84-92a9-eb58ed6a3887","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":27,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.289084Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:ce982a43a6849ae5e5b9244ffadb1f8c1b06c42515b1189660b8dce8dec17ed5","observation_id":"f749e3ad-ae5b-42bc-8aa3-bf70e6dba3b2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.225955Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.892371Z","title":"Dendritic localized learning: Toward biologically plausible algorithm, 2025","venue":null,"work_id":"5808d852-5374-41ba-81b8-1934f34245b1","year":2025},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":28,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.356634Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b1745906d76dae9e4d5cacbe161a8d650bc3ff8cd71deb5692acc7c988c7ab43","observation_id":"00019db3-4f5a-452e-b711-39503f551417","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:02.007962Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2301.01452","last_updated":"2023-04-02T06:07:11Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-05T04:54:43.331624Z","submitted_at":"2023-01-04T05:34:48Z","title":"The Predictive Forward-Forward Algorithm","version":3},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"2301.01452","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.441936Z","title":"The predictive forward-forward algorithm.ArXiv, abs/2301.01452, 2023","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":29,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.441936Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/2301.01452","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:b72e2901d91f32ad05bb003daf2b06b9643ebf9fd916cd7804e09d8aa4369cce","observation_id":"a4cd5493-07d2-403d-bb2a-49431cde1900","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.441936Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.732148Z","title":"Modeling long- and short-term temporal patterns with deep neural networks.The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval, 2017","venue":null,"work_id":"7f7871af-e4af-4b3f-9495-dd44e58d4508","year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":30,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.560170Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:f25c4b6f9a77213124667246de31d0e39068670535be0e7db4081f02cf9bad35","observation_id":"d0d9451b-04f2-47de-ab5e-9773687e2f82","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.821260Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.498636Z","title":"Meta-learning biologically plausible plasticity rules with random feedback pathways.Nature Communications, 14(1), March 2023","venue":null,"work_id":"156a712e-8f8c-4ea3-bf36-6156daa57d38","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":31,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.666211Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:33439e7287905ad0ef0426fd7dbef7269386b97bffe21f997f1a3e96eb85ad97","observation_id":"68986780-ff40-4bb8-8fc8-e6dbb7752885","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.593731Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.303524Z","title":"Philip Wong, and Gert Cauwenberghs","venue":null,"work_id":"7443d1e4-3e1d-471d-8982-952a0f7b3762","year":2022},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":32,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.709748Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:3c711b6efb110422448454053948802219772fe2886fada9a505dc981f20ba1d","observation_id":"6e164670-ebf7-4fcf-a55a-5b07b83a66ac","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.401647Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.101968Z","title":"On the accuracy of analog neural network inference accelerators.IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, 22(4):26–48, 2023","venue":null,"work_id":"44e1582e-4c57-4c14-bcec-202ba88d8040","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":33,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.807092Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:524c1a840d244f0a4fb84281fe9b87a3ee5ead4e0f60e192d1649d28759ace8e","observation_id":"c215b9de-b07a-4d24-9ff3-ae07eb7877b8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:01.195779Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.900930Z","title":"Mlcommons tiny benchmark github repository.https://github.com/mlcommons/tiny,","venue":null,"work_id":"1bf61161-11c2-45d6-b1c2-501b173d993d","year":null},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":34,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.890508Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:4ca1ef5e0a978585c3b0b43933036c3ac16642f7e71e51967cd7bd55ba8de8de","observation_id":"8606336a-c4ab-473d-9a33-06fb961f034c","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.995569Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.484056Z","title":"Suitability of forward-forward and pepita learning to mlcommons-tiny benchmarks","venue":null,"work_id":"6307011c-8085-4613-98c8-0e920aa312c5","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":35,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.143279Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:0a34fb2a2c33166f4ef66a7fbbfbe8602df238135f313896048c3848be893b2a","observation_id":"dc13f62d-693e-478f-8602-3e626324f773","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.625452Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.320377Z","title":"Delving deep into rectifiers: Surpassing human-level performance on imagenet classification","venue":null,"work_id":"04868574-7260-4a35-a5af-fc96ba353c7b","year":2015},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":36,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.216838Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:af372441b98acb1278e29c1b8456b805c2c83ce3b65a743036ae48381ddda9f6","observation_id":"8c7d20e2-60d5-4f00-aaca-db12033ea8fc","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.387823Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.300701Z","title":"Lecun, L","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":1998},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":37,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.300701Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:307abd4b47a5fce10cc5e9a5fdff50e966991c6c2e67446cf920118c898da664","observation_id":"1a25b945-3f95-4af7-a3c0-aba0d64c9cea","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.300701Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":{"arxiv_id":"1708.07747","last_updated":"2017-09-15T21:29:49Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-07-06T05:56:41.814255Z","submitted_at":"2017-08-25T14:01:29Z","title":"Fashion-MNIST: a Novel Image Dataset for Benchmarking Machine Learning Algorithms","version":2},"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":"1708.07747","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.429923Z","title":"Fashion-mnist: a novel image dataset for benchmarking machine learning algorithms.ArXiv, abs/1708.07747, 2017","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2017},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":38,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.429923Z"},"links":{"cited_paper":"/paper/1708.07747","citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:049d99fa43f2ade6769cfd420675a5a325db9671e2394d916e40437c6a76d0ea","observation_id":"6a0d35cf-faa7-4074-8ae5-e8056289cd0f","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.429923Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":null,"pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.491493Z","title":"Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images","venue":null,"work_id":null,"year":2009},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":39,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.491493Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:a7177e050ea5c6e46fda3ff8cac700bd21351eb491111a528cf19882150fd789","observation_id":"78277dcd-8ec4-4e8a-a4c7-98cff589a4f8","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.491493Z","resolver_source":null,"status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"reason":"canonical_work_link_unavailable","source_receipts":[],"state":"unavailable"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.045837Z","title":"Zidan, John Paul Strachan, and Wei D","venue":null,"work_id":"4f8aefdd-f9fb-4c81-9218-91279e955c43","year":2018},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":40,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.563088Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:bce1769939c012a4fc136303a5f6715d889ed0efd7b9231f922643ba63c91594","observation_id":"6cf49b52-a0b8-4917-9209-8496d31853be","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.167750Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.874524Z","title":"Joshua Yang, and He Qian","venue":null,"work_id":"8f5141bc-6999-441c-ab3c-be89e2e01ada","year":2020},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":41,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.646644Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:6b3214bee2887ac993f635f50ae79537dd09a0cc6045e54ba339755113ed4fde","observation_id":"ec0606e9-b8d1-44b2-954f-72f0e85baab2","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:59.946340Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"verified_fuzzy"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}},{"citation":{"cited_paper":null,"cited_work":{"arxiv_id":null,"doi":null,"metadata_source":"raw_reference","pith_arxiv_id":null,"snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.720934Z","title":null,"venue":null,"work_id":"00463360-9c69-4db5-9710-60db2407ebfc","year":2023},"citing_paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses","version":1},"reference_index":2023,"source":"pdf_text","source_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:39:58.988987Z"},"links":{"citing_paper":"/paper/2506.11030"},"observation_digest":"sha256:7a040706904210f71625f81d2d3ad827af60b1b42ea3e2534c72b03e2c4d4dea","observation_id":"e06e894d-ece3-4220-9724-c35a1a29556d","resolution":{"observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:40:00.812196Z","resolver_source":"raw_fallback","status":"unresolved"},"standing_notice":{"events":[],"observation":"No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.","reason":null,"source_receipts":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"state":"measured"}}],"paper":{"arxiv_id":"2506.11030","last_updated":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","latest_version":1,"primary_category":"cs.LG","snapshot_observed_at":"2026-08-07T15:30:01.200668Z","submitted_at":"2025-05-20T16:09:23Z","title":"Forward Target Propagation: A Forward-Only Approach to Global Error Credit Assignment via Local Losses"},"reference_resolution":{"displayed":42,"state_counts":{"malformed_identifier":0,"metadata_mismatch":0,"parse_uncertain":0,"unresolved":10,"verified_exact":0,"verified_fuzzy":32},"total_outbound_references":42},"refusal":"A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.","schema":"pith.paper-citation-record.v1","standing_sources":[{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00","source":"crossref"},{"observed_at":"2026-08-08T06:31:55.24221+00:00","source":"retraction_watch"}],"thesis":"As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.11030."}