{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1997:23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV","short_pith_number":"pith:23OIC7L5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-ph/9702225","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"1997-02-03T14:44:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6da436d287fa9e48f89a90a7ca0d8cbf3dc8b6b27da7ee79b642747440741d45","abstract_canon_sha256":"2917194f91b53339ad67e795414e7c34797ecafaf82d37deb67aba2ff82adf9f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d6dc817d7d8b33d33863ad1768af8f957885fe3f21a5c8d2f751a655989ddc63","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-ph/9702225","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-ph/9702225","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-ph/9702225v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9702225","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"23OIC7L5RMZ5","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"23OIC7L5RMZ5GODD","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"23OIC7L5","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1997:23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-ph/9702225","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"1997-02-03T14:44:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6da436d287fa9e48f89a90a7ca0d8cbf3dc8b6b27da7ee79b642747440741d45","abstract_canon_sha256":"2917194f91b53339ad67e795414e7c34797ecafaf82d37deb67aba2ff82adf9f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d6dc817d7d8b33d33863ad1768af8f957885fe3f21a5c8d2f751a655989ddc63","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09.089406Z","signature_b64":"8zNaP/UOYcZuAL5mP9QV3uEKebcyu8ImU33OJJwi6ylT0y0fPX0EMDt53fWv4FG86d1MgISVOdDhIn0peRImBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d6dc817d7d8b33d33863ad1768af8f957885fe3f21a5c8d2f751a655989ddc63","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09.089013Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09.089013Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-ph/9702225","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MQmcKfZ+PYUmKMx9skG8tpl64QwwIzX32eKbra19gLoNGRaOcycQl4C7ZFJwMiBJoYCk4D+vJlWpw3SQmhoUCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T14:30:39.192308Z"},"content_sha256":"880c8b107916db9e39c6a3204344d780f75e323d7463f738cc5e01ceb1f6775c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:880c8b107916db9e39c6a3204344d780f75e323d7463f738cc5e01ceb1f6775c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1997:23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Introduction to the NRQCD Factorization Approach to Heavy Quarkonium","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Eric Braaten (Ohio State University)","submitted_at":"1997-02-03T14:44:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"I present an introduction to the NRQCD factorization method for calculating annihilation rates and inclusive production rates for heavy quarkonium. Using this method, annihilation decay rates and sufficiently inclusive cross sections are factored into long-distance NRQCD matrix elements and perturbative short-distance coefficients. I derive the velocity-scaling rules that are used to estimate the magnitudes of the nonperturbative NRQCD matrix elements and I describe perturbative matching methods for calculating their short-distance coefficients. Some simple applications for which NRQCD factori"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-ph/9702225","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/hep-ph/9702225/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hyYVISAeQSKXFxZWZzJCsnZD77zGLNwnEbAJSnadJyizxVjdGSY9ik4dNvqGoN1ZC8edPOxjg5vRjzqMxOAHDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T14:30:39.193138Z"},"content_sha256":"e2ef2255502febe79d6593dfa045f7f6b6a408f97e912b0da1c5bb1481249b42","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e2ef2255502febe79d6593dfa045f7f6b6a408f97e912b0da1c5bb1481249b42"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T14:30:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1997:23OIC7L5RMZ5GODDVULWRL4PSV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2917194f91b53339ad67e795414e7c34797ecafaf82d37deb67aba2ff82adf9f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"1997-02-03T14:44:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"6da436d287fa9e48f89a90a7ca0d8cbf3dc8b6b27da7ee79b642747440741d45"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-ph/9702225","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-ph/9702225","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-ph/9702225v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9702225","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"23OIC7L5RMZ5","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"23OIC7L5RMZ5GODD","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"23OIC7L5","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e2ef2255502febe79d6593dfa045f7f6b6a408f97e912b0da1c5bb1481249b42","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/hep-ph/9702225/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"I present an introduction to the NRQCD factorization method for calculating annihilation rates and inclusive production rates for heavy quarkonium. Using this method, annihilation decay rates and sufficiently inclusive cross sections are factored into long-distance NRQCD matrix elements and perturbative short-distance coefficients. I derive the velocity-scaling rules that are used to estimate the magnitudes of the nonperturbative NRQCD matrix elements and I describe perturbative matching methods for calculating their short-distance coefficients. Some simple applications for which NRQCD factori","authors_text":"Eric Braaten (Ohio State University)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"1997-02-03T14:44:07Z","title":"Introduction to the NRQCD Factorization Approach to Heavy Quarkonium"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-ph/9702225","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:880c8b107916db9e39c6a3204344d780f75e323d7463f738cc5e01ceb1f6775c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2917194f91b53339ad67e795414e7c34797ecafaf82d37deb67aba2ff82adf9f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"1997-02-03T14:44:07Z","title_canon_sha256":"6da436d287fa9e48f89a90a7ca0d8cbf3dc8b6b27da7ee79b642747440741d45"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-ph/9702225","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d6dc817d7d8b33d33863ad1768af8f957885fe3f21a5c8d2f751a655989ddc63","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d6dc817d7d8b33d33863ad1768af8f957885fe3f21a5c8d2f751a655989ddc63","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09.089013Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09.089013Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8zNaP/UOYcZuAL5mP9QV3uEKebcyu8ImU33OJJwi6ylT0y0fPX0EMDt53fWv4FG86d1MgISVOdDhIn0peRImBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T14:30:09.089406Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-ph/9702225","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:880c8b107916db9e39c6a3204344d780f75e323d7463f738cc5e01ceb1f6775c","sha256:e2ef2255502febe79d6593dfa045f7f6b6a408f97e912b0da1c5bb1481249b42"],"state_sha256":"c86bb4072cbac898698a76c5092c3470204c46ed7e61b99ea6ed3bba6d84b717"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UnjS+H6CKS8ySFm7AKsZkNcrkArO07xkIvFkiRX0XqwDuZc5G7Ce7vMcPoILjETzUgozVFX56vtfF3L8XOeBAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T14:30:39.214191Z","bundle_sha256":"13169c7c316b3f5ae24204b7b9cdfbfb8ac3b348698b484eade3765c8972a479"}}