{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX","short_pith_number":"pith:24LQCQIF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1304.2793","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-04-09T20:51:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"602b3517ffe55673081f0f76902a61d9bcdbfba2d98395fee67acea5c9963223","abstract_canon_sha256":"b19d0e612a0d7e46b604e57096dd18732abdf87488ecd45ef9b9dc8b037ad9a9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d717014105c209339a041a9487f7666dc05ad141dedfa048fa68089b5f13afb3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1304.2793","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1304.2793","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1304.2793v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1304.2793","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"24LQCQIFYIET","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"24LQCQIFYIETHGQE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"24LQCQIF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1304.2793","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-04-09T20:51:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"602b3517ffe55673081f0f76902a61d9bcdbfba2d98395fee67acea5c9963223","abstract_canon_sha256":"b19d0e612a0d7e46b604e57096dd18732abdf87488ecd45ef9b9dc8b037ad9a9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d717014105c209339a041a9487f7666dc05ad141dedfa048fa68089b5f13afb3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40.760664Z","signature_b64":"WyIzZPZUpEdyKkZvnuhUjlQMA1X8VbKDRPNE5ypJzgnjzhEg1TC6DbaF91pj2XVxHKwnv8Si4c+3fA7HxSocCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d717014105c209339a041a9487f7666dc05ad141dedfa048fa68089b5f13afb3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40.760002Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40.760002Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1304.2793","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BItNNDTPNja2aL1qAyZ3ONAQ2NoJg5h5rrGMPbtKn942UQUS3yKoi2tSso+yxSlphLz9UwH5AkfWl6+lwGXlCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:13:29.520956Z"},"content_sha256":"5a79ac572651b857a8ffc47054f66a85086638e94bd3b820dc09e2647b18afd3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a79ac572651b857a8ffc47054f66a85086638e94bd3b820dc09e2647b18afd3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Thermal Emission in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"1), (2) Institute for Theoretical, D. A. Badjin (1), Experimental Physics), K. A. Postnov (1) ((1) Sternberg Astronomical Institute, S. I. Blinnikov (2","submitted_at":"2013-04-09T20:51:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study thermal emission from circumstellar structures heated by gamma-ray burst (GRB) radiation and ejecta and calculate its contribution to GRB optical and X-ray afterglows using the modified radiation hydro-code small STELLA. It is shown that thermal emission originating in heated dense shells around the GRB progenitor star can reproduce X-ray plateaus (like observed in GRB 050904, 070110) as well as deviations from a power law fading observed in optical afterglows of some GRBs (e.g. 020124, 030328, 030429X, 050904). Thermal radiation pressure in the heated circumburst shell dominates the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.2793","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LXxHgmus3kM2ihtD6/2wATtSei/ZTCRSFrpmRsWwnoE/a3x7K7ZVDxl9SxoCpfjqqIQXrTufUwFRYkBY6zhmBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:13:29.521369Z"},"content_sha256":"dc9211d885c923448a8b1d458650177ee85eefc61a3f05745056288431aa9350","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dc9211d885c923448a8b1d458650177ee85eefc61a3f05745056288431aa9350"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T07:13:29Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:24LQCQIFYIETHGQEDKKIP53GNX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b19d0e612a0d7e46b604e57096dd18732abdf87488ecd45ef9b9dc8b037ad9a9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-04-09T20:51:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"602b3517ffe55673081f0f76902a61d9bcdbfba2d98395fee67acea5c9963223"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1304.2793","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1304.2793","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1304.2793v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1304.2793","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"24LQCQIFYIET","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"24LQCQIFYIETHGQE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"24LQCQIF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dc9211d885c923448a8b1d458650177ee85eefc61a3f05745056288431aa9350","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study thermal emission from circumstellar structures heated by gamma-ray burst (GRB) radiation and ejecta and calculate its contribution to GRB optical and X-ray afterglows using the modified radiation hydro-code small STELLA. It is shown that thermal emission originating in heated dense shells around the GRB progenitor star can reproduce X-ray plateaus (like observed in GRB 050904, 070110) as well as deviations from a power law fading observed in optical afterglows of some GRBs (e.g. 020124, 030328, 030429X, 050904). Thermal radiation pressure in the heated circumburst shell dominates the ","authors_text":"1), (2) Institute for Theoretical, D. A. Badjin (1), Experimental Physics), K. A. Postnov (1) ((1) Sternberg Astronomical Institute, S. I. Blinnikov (2","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-04-09T20:51:05Z","title":"Thermal Emission in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.2793","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5a79ac572651b857a8ffc47054f66a85086638e94bd3b820dc09e2647b18afd3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b19d0e612a0d7e46b604e57096dd18732abdf87488ecd45ef9b9dc8b037ad9a9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2013-04-09T20:51:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"602b3517ffe55673081f0f76902a61d9bcdbfba2d98395fee67acea5c9963223"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1304.2793","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d717014105c209339a041a9487f7666dc05ad141dedfa048fa68089b5f13afb3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d717014105c209339a041a9487f7666dc05ad141dedfa048fa68089b5f13afb3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40.760002Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40.760002Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WyIzZPZUpEdyKkZvnuhUjlQMA1X8VbKDRPNE5ypJzgnjzhEg1TC6DbaF91pj2XVxHKwnv8Si4c+3fA7HxSocCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:40.760664Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1304.2793","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5a79ac572651b857a8ffc47054f66a85086638e94bd3b820dc09e2647b18afd3","sha256:dc9211d885c923448a8b1d458650177ee85eefc61a3f05745056288431aa9350"],"state_sha256":"cd7c8cd4d6c907ec16187344b9e81cbe794ad1655aba90d9dabdf4492290f851"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Yvz7GzOE0YiaTrMoR/+0IGC7WaDSceTE8nVZ2eCZPGeAnEHARLq9cRCM5B56zh9oNgEaxqg/6QQDRLferFXlCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:13:29.524028Z","bundle_sha256":"ba53e21b9e3be5ecb0156aeb5fe6cbb1a0b463466f274af70909dc2b9f30509a"}}