{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF","short_pith_number":"pith:24V6KTLC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.13296","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-02-27T05:25:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5fc6fd742e205b74e449960c0f5a7e4520747f73634f19d1a732771cdac5c749","abstract_canon_sha256":"92744d0089aaac7cb90c4aa4cbd84f69f19887c41a9406b0f60b12298670d5a3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d72be54d62f4844202f837ee266fdc316c9e19ab3f20417130945b16706dba54","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2202.13296","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.13296","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.13296v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.13296","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"24V6KTLC6SCE","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"24V6KTLC6SCEEAXY","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"24V6KTLC","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.13296","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-02-27T05:25:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5fc6fd742e205b74e449960c0f5a7e4520747f73634f19d1a732771cdac5c749","abstract_canon_sha256":"92744d0089aaac7cb90c4aa4cbd84f69f19887c41a9406b0f60b12298670d5a3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d72be54d62f4844202f837ee266fdc316c9e19ab3f20417130945b16706dba54","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00.311845Z","signature_b64":"bWRPeXUPdqIDYu9dKP+FLUc+UTZkPb6fp/LSwD9roP3/1GLmN09p15nHGV/60RWAG5ctu4d65vjU1MBJf46eAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d72be54d62f4844202f837ee266fdc316c9e19ab3f20417130945b16706dba54","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00.311373Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00.311373Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2202.13296","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xqcvDeIn5Rsis0zwPeHyQ8hQB2gUWJyt9Twt+5OfkvQx9IaD21dZineGbtUL1C+l+AsdEpD6a28NXqMRcLioCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T12:21:21.417827Z"},"content_sha256":"659f406c88333d460c2932689372ff5ac0fb585abe88f7e09e69b0fecbea4281","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:659f406c88333d460c2932689372ff5ac0fb585abe88f7e09e69b0fecbea4281"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Subgraph Retrieval Enhanced Model for Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Cuiping Li, Hong Chen, Jian Tang, Jie Tang, Jifan Yu, Jing Zhang, Xiaokang Zhang","submitted_at":"2022-02-27T05:25:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent works on knowledge base question answering (KBQA) retrieve subgraphs for easier reasoning. A desired subgraph is crucial as a small one may exclude the answer but a large one might introduce more noises. However, the existing retrieval is either heuristic or interwoven with the reasoning, causing reasoning on the partial subgraphs, which increases the reasoning bias when the intermediate supervision is missing. This paper proposes a trainable subgraph retriever (SR) decoupled from the subsequent reasoning process, which enables a plug-and-play framework to enhance any subgraph-oriented "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.13296","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2202.13296/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iblw4vG2pC2H9DgSSsomUG1SezmzA9AoWqMx7xY9aiGFyRyk7958FQciOXrCN4MKfz5u8lILFds4z4B0fafcCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T12:21:21.418343Z"},"content_sha256":"9951fd4b5799d4ba46037bcd733665ece8ffdc7572f6e90fdfc86daf10e6e68a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9951fd4b5799d4ba46037bcd733665ece8ffdc7572f6e90fdfc86daf10e6e68a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-01T12:21:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:24V6KTLC6SCEEAXYG7XCM364GF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"92744d0089aaac7cb90c4aa4cbd84f69f19887c41a9406b0f60b12298670d5a3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-02-27T05:25:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"5fc6fd742e205b74e449960c0f5a7e4520747f73634f19d1a732771cdac5c749"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.13296","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.13296","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.13296v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.13296","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"24V6KTLC6SCE","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"24V6KTLC6SCEEAXY","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"24V6KTLC","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9951fd4b5799d4ba46037bcd733665ece8ffdc7572f6e90fdfc86daf10e6e68a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2202.13296/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent works on knowledge base question answering (KBQA) retrieve subgraphs for easier reasoning. A desired subgraph is crucial as a small one may exclude the answer but a large one might introduce more noises. However, the existing retrieval is either heuristic or interwoven with the reasoning, causing reasoning on the partial subgraphs, which increases the reasoning bias when the intermediate supervision is missing. This paper proposes a trainable subgraph retriever (SR) decoupled from the subsequent reasoning process, which enables a plug-and-play framework to enhance any subgraph-oriented ","authors_text":"Cuiping Li, Hong Chen, Jian Tang, Jie Tang, Jifan Yu, Jing Zhang, Xiaokang Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-02-27T05:25:20Z","title":"Subgraph Retrieval Enhanced Model for Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.13296","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:659f406c88333d460c2932689372ff5ac0fb585abe88f7e09e69b0fecbea4281","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"92744d0089aaac7cb90c4aa4cbd84f69f19887c41a9406b0f60b12298670d5a3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-02-27T05:25:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"5fc6fd742e205b74e449960c0f5a7e4520747f73634f19d1a732771cdac5c749"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.13296","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d72be54d62f4844202f837ee266fdc316c9e19ab3f20417130945b16706dba54","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d72be54d62f4844202f837ee266fdc316c9e19ab3f20417130945b16706dba54","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00.311373Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00.311373Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bWRPeXUPdqIDYu9dKP+FLUc+UTZkPb6fp/LSwD9roP3/1GLmN09p15nHGV/60RWAG5ctu4d65vjU1MBJf46eAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:44:00.311845Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2202.13296","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:659f406c88333d460c2932689372ff5ac0fb585abe88f7e09e69b0fecbea4281","sha256:9951fd4b5799d4ba46037bcd733665ece8ffdc7572f6e90fdfc86daf10e6e68a"],"state_sha256":"b70f007a26f1f6844bd9a5bf041c81ff893eeb7f9281a3d10621459a6b1b730e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2vRK3NP53mqSjE+ZuyYDcpV2grEd+A3+yDN8aZNY9cwpb7hUtFrALf55dZz7NqczNnP3fgNwuckkdWQnYcnhCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T12:21:21.423268Z","bundle_sha256":"dd95bfb656cef2fc33b0f0059ea5fd504bfeb015f72015eb6562b89d04489de0"}}