{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF","short_pith_number":"pith:25FLLRCU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.05886","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T14:30:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6f176bb157cf229bd8fb416ede32c5fee97cf3516f6d2d32df5df52d35bb8b18","abstract_canon_sha256":"597c0ad1548ec7d87e699cbd8d62ad688f3d254c7d312ceaba88ea8c42925a45"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d74ab5c454d9562227e11bb4da3305a176f443a2d190230fea16a49704373fef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1807.05886","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.05886","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.05886v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.05886","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"25FLLRCU3FLC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"25FLLRCU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.05886","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T14:30:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6f176bb157cf229bd8fb416ede32c5fee97cf3516f6d2d32df5df52d35bb8b18","abstract_canon_sha256":"597c0ad1548ec7d87e699cbd8d62ad688f3d254c7d312ceaba88ea8c42925a45"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d74ab5c454d9562227e11bb4da3305a176f443a2d190230fea16a49704373fef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42.300496Z","signature_b64":"+soH6aHCD3F+AUxm2mU9gPITLWeCiMQY10gOLwyz7jzcx29Uo12QndvjRTQCIST3V5/3lLxEZWXEgR8miS5PAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d74ab5c454d9562227e11bb4da3305a176f443a2d190230fea16a49704373fef","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42.299795Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42.299795Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1807.05886","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Af1iH7ZU9S1Q02eEmi9nQoKnj7MN1U6i4mw3VRhhWfgUzqewUhPNKQakRaTuvX56OzH7nn2UcTr8hcm5dRpGCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:50:30.129706Z"},"content_sha256":"1d9028ce721f1090f64c68af5ca684e46c079665cd82aa1886d424941084e04d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1d9028ce721f1090f64c68af5ca684e46c079665cd82aa1886d424941084e04d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Orbital angular momentum conversion of optical field without spin state","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Changjun Min, Fei Xing, Jinjian Li, Shenggui Fu, Shuoshuo Zhang, Xiaocong Yuan, Xiaolu Ge, Xiaoyu Li, Yudong Lyu, Zhidong Bai, Zhongsheng Man","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T14:30:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"As one fundamental property of light, the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photon has elicited widespread interest. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the OAM conversion of light without any spin state can occur in homogeneous and isotropic medium when a specially tailored locally linearly polarized (STLLP) beam is strongly focused by a high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens. Through a high NA objective lens, the STLLP beams can generate identical twin foci with tunable distance between them controlled by input state of polarization. Such process admits partial OAM conversion from l"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.05886","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AbxWwQVMdGBac1J0RuqfadE3jPi8LhEM0cMlAhcXJ6SWjPqTF9KVZ8BkeMtyYcoqPoth9iCRsRC8wcZM9sASBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:50:30.130429Z"},"content_sha256":"d60bce7511a07de22a37b56a77d96eed35c81c73ec6a98982669db533c111001","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d60bce7511a07de22a37b56a77d96eed35c81c73ec6a98982669db533c111001"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T23:50:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7BDO2NUMYFUF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"597c0ad1548ec7d87e699cbd8d62ad688f3d254c7d312ceaba88ea8c42925a45","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T14:30:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"6f176bb157cf229bd8fb416ede32c5fee97cf3516f6d2d32df5df52d35bb8b18"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.05886","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.05886","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.05886v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.05886","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"25FLLRCU3FLC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"25FLLRCU3FLCEJ7B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"25FLLRCU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d60bce7511a07de22a37b56a77d96eed35c81c73ec6a98982669db533c111001","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As one fundamental property of light, the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photon has elicited widespread interest. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that the OAM conversion of light without any spin state can occur in homogeneous and isotropic medium when a specially tailored locally linearly polarized (STLLP) beam is strongly focused by a high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens. Through a high NA objective lens, the STLLP beams can generate identical twin foci with tunable distance between them controlled by input state of polarization. Such process admits partial OAM conversion from l","authors_text":"Changjun Min, Fei Xing, Jinjian Li, Shenggui Fu, Shuoshuo Zhang, Xiaocong Yuan, Xiaolu Ge, Xiaoyu Li, Yudong Lyu, Zhidong Bai, Zhongsheng Man","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T14:30:32Z","title":"Orbital angular momentum conversion of optical field without spin state"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.05886","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1d9028ce721f1090f64c68af5ca684e46c079665cd82aa1886d424941084e04d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"597c0ad1548ec7d87e699cbd8d62ad688f3d254c7d312ceaba88ea8c42925a45","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T14:30:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"6f176bb157cf229bd8fb416ede32c5fee97cf3516f6d2d32df5df52d35bb8b18"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.05886","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d74ab5c454d9562227e11bb4da3305a176f443a2d190230fea16a49704373fef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d74ab5c454d9562227e11bb4da3305a176f443a2d190230fea16a49704373fef","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42.299795Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42.299795Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+soH6aHCD3F+AUxm2mU9gPITLWeCiMQY10gOLwyz7jzcx29Uo12QndvjRTQCIST3V5/3lLxEZWXEgR8miS5PAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:42.300496Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1807.05886","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1d9028ce721f1090f64c68af5ca684e46c079665cd82aa1886d424941084e04d","sha256:d60bce7511a07de22a37b56a77d96eed35c81c73ec6a98982669db533c111001"],"state_sha256":"84c59382ca67df6dcddbfb2f92a43990fd371ebfd217d9931c44fe65de84a1fd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BLGs1jazK7cTDj/66pJQcs3NlbARJvIYGWca4RqnDnwzytwfuRg6Qe11cinUZ5dHA95xCIbzkULUP3W+GUvPDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:50:30.134485Z","bundle_sha256":"3de6c0d0b73a832a90fa5ed2435b71272659227ac366617d55038747a47dbd20"}}