{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7","short_pith_number":"pith:264QHU5Q","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1101.4265","kind":"arxiv","version":6},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2011-01-22T06:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6985bbe6d1a60ffa3b28c899c279e3b3f81729ea76b8c8e7c5e74d1debd947ca","abstract_canon_sha256":"f8f4191c604921a497862e960a5710e396409a120aba83e4761ce677b7b1098b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d7b903d3b0563a76179cd88eaa8b4abfc102ceeb211abd074330b27443fa86b0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1101.4265","version":6},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1101.4265","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1101.4265v6","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1101.4265","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"264QHU5QKY5H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"264QHU5QKY5HMF44","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"264QHU5Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1101.4265","kind":"arxiv","version":6},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2011-01-22T06:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6985bbe6d1a60ffa3b28c899c279e3b3f81729ea76b8c8e7c5e74d1debd947ca","abstract_canon_sha256":"f8f4191c604921a497862e960a5710e396409a120aba83e4761ce677b7b1098b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d7b903d3b0563a76179cd88eaa8b4abfc102ceeb211abd074330b27443fa86b0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25.387395Z","signature_b64":"4b9jqO/heokThUIISSZNL/r/hoHbRi+W0dlF6yYIwPq7PDHsK/p9mooZfMuRUTK53HZiVYghrwoM26nqx8JOBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d7b903d3b0563a76179cd88eaa8b4abfc102ceeb211abd074330b27443fa86b0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25.386606Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25.386606Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1101.4265","source_version":6,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fpwgOxaaPwE7Osd+XBQx5nV38jOucoXqhNE+A+RLyf3JoDr8WmCq1+A7vSA6G/49RTyJ9jPSMju3YAHJqh/4Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T19:37:19.328850Z"},"content_sha256":"2cc11c9c635fbb2c1c5407ddbb1f1e48f93c01f7d41a5dc3d3eac2e5ef66ab9b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2cc11c9c635fbb2c1c5407ddbb1f1e48f93c01f7d41a5dc3d3eac2e5ef66ab9b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Models of Membrane Electrostatics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","authors_text":"Kevin Cahill","submitted_at":"2011-01-22T06:30:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"I derive formulas for the electrostatic potential of a charge in or near a membrane modeled as one or more dielectric slabs lying between two semi-infinite dielectrics. One can use these formulas in Monte Carlo codes to compute the distribution of ions near cell membranes more accurately than by using Poisson-Boltzmann theory or its linearized version. Here I use them to discuss the electric field of a uniformly charged membrane, the image charges of an ion, the distribution of salt ions near a charged membrane, the energy of a zwitterion near a lipid slab, and the effect of including the phos"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1101.4265","kind":"arxiv","version":6},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"e3XnGMllt7fgJm9zWv4Sa4gR1s71BYv80wGDvyUwVLcJMTBWCZaw0C1ZWV2rUgKG4dYI6jh+cBSYLe3Ons+1Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T19:37:19.329502Z"},"content_sha256":"39c06f95ecd1fa874ad56114324b5bb42c8aa1224972b29908a5387339f75b43","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:39c06f95ecd1fa874ad56114324b5bb42c8aa1224972b29908a5387339f75b43"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T19:37:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:264QHU5QKY5HMF443CHKVC2KX7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f8f4191c604921a497862e960a5710e396409a120aba83e4761ce677b7b1098b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2011-01-22T06:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"6985bbe6d1a60ffa3b28c899c279e3b3f81729ea76b8c8e7c5e74d1debd947ca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1101.4265","kind":"arxiv","version":6}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1101.4265","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1101.4265v6","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1101.4265","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"264QHU5QKY5H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"264QHU5QKY5HMF44","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"264QHU5Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:39c06f95ecd1fa874ad56114324b5bb42c8aa1224972b29908a5387339f75b43","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"I derive formulas for the electrostatic potential of a charge in or near a membrane modeled as one or more dielectric slabs lying between two semi-infinite dielectrics. One can use these formulas in Monte Carlo codes to compute the distribution of ions near cell membranes more accurately than by using Poisson-Boltzmann theory or its linearized version. Here I use them to discuss the electric field of a uniformly charged membrane, the image charges of an ion, the distribution of salt ions near a charged membrane, the energy of a zwitterion near a lipid slab, and the effect of including the phos","authors_text":"Kevin Cahill","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2011-01-22T06:30:58Z","title":"Models of Membrane Electrostatics"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1101.4265","kind":"arxiv","version":6},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2cc11c9c635fbb2c1c5407ddbb1f1e48f93c01f7d41a5dc3d3eac2e5ef66ab9b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f8f4191c604921a497862e960a5710e396409a120aba83e4761ce677b7b1098b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2011-01-22T06:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"6985bbe6d1a60ffa3b28c899c279e3b3f81729ea76b8c8e7c5e74d1debd947ca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1101.4265","kind":"arxiv","version":6}},"canonical_sha256":"d7b903d3b0563a76179cd88eaa8b4abfc102ceeb211abd074330b27443fa86b0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d7b903d3b0563a76179cd88eaa8b4abfc102ceeb211abd074330b27443fa86b0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25.386606Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25.386606Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4b9jqO/heokThUIISSZNL/r/hoHbRi+W0dlF6yYIwPq7PDHsK/p9mooZfMuRUTK53HZiVYghrwoM26nqx8JOBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:25.387395Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1101.4265","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":6}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2cc11c9c635fbb2c1c5407ddbb1f1e48f93c01f7d41a5dc3d3eac2e5ef66ab9b","sha256:39c06f95ecd1fa874ad56114324b5bb42c8aa1224972b29908a5387339f75b43"],"state_sha256":"9568741f9e6e4cd4a395fd1350b940911f0a7831056e532eaf61ab7e34c49410"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0zjcJ5jzRry6oDkMTdXWSkdzs/4ETFYFjEK0Tmy+s0XFTg0xDXD/dCQd9VKORZlMKCUEpQ5kEXIM8+B5QzwLAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T19:37:19.332960Z","bundle_sha256":"1eabef7bdef84030e0e23f24f167a51ac32b05a2c16cdf8e7b016e912c47b8f6"}}