{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2","short_pith_number":"pith:27HL5R2X","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.27881","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-06-26T09:23:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"9e521c413f7daee3f14b3bcf6605114cbee7c015f96a4711d0fc6ffd2e73b9f4","abstract_canon_sha256":"aecf014a20ab0500668312b2d72628bfb5f6ca3893d9ed4a68a5f25d5f62463c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d7cebec757a3f3e0f8714a7b1abc8b4ebcdeab628543daee942015ed11c280b0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2606.27881","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.27881","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.27881v1","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.27881","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"27HL5R2XUPZ6","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DR","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"27HL5R2X","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.27881","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-06-26T09:23:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"9e521c413f7daee3f14b3bcf6605114cbee7c015f96a4711d0fc6ffd2e73b9f4","abstract_canon_sha256":"aecf014a20ab0500668312b2d72628bfb5f6ca3893d9ed4a68a5f25d5f62463c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d7cebec757a3f3e0f8714a7b1abc8b4ebcdeab628543daee942015ed11c280b0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51.524112Z","signature_b64":"xDKRFnNzFvSJCyn641VRM05bk9Pc6Y7wR/Pg+aZzyJvKpJ8cX6KjnpFS8ekfeYoT+sG3ES08HAiU8fEDRhYgAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d7cebec757a3f3e0f8714a7b1abc8b4ebcdeab628543daee942015ed11c280b0","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51.523716Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51.523716Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2606.27881","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WcH9WmXMUWi/42kK0stOr6tn4vwsvr1F6+s2e5TPhRxmIkTujsFydx946PXGh2kVNrmibyB5jB9gpxyoC0tXDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T14:06:49.917686Z"},"content_sha256":"655ade2c355344fdd59b87549b2901233e3a2f30ad284fdf252deac52f88f0af","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:655ade2c355344fdd59b87549b2901233e3a2f30ad284fdf252deac52f88f0af"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Study of Temporal Fusion Strategies for Named Entity Recognition in Historical Texts","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Emanuela Boros","submitted_at":"2026-06-26T09:23:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"Temporal variation poses a unique challenge for named entity recognition (NER) in historical texts, where entities drift in surface form and salience across time. While language models (LMs) have made progress in various NLP tasks, their ability to reason about temporality, especially in diachronic contexts, remains limited or at least, questionable. In this paper, we systematically study how temporal metadata can be structurally embedded into NER models using a range of lightweight fusion strategies. We experiment with both absolute and relative temporal representations, injected into Transfo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.27881","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.27881/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1L74ppJpbKLA9gkJJeGylwXM67cxgRdSnQQOFeRg0c44yMKrTzOhxs4Zs5oZc17Ss/Cppq28y/ypUElKjRvyCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T14:06:49.918060Z"},"content_sha256":"343bf3099bdf191abef80b809d95008dcd55d6c3b61697a73c776127c219c24e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:343bf3099bdf191abef80b809d95008dcd55d6c3b61697a73c776127c219c24e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-30T14:06:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DRJJ5RVPELJ2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aecf014a20ab0500668312b2d72628bfb5f6ca3893d9ed4a68a5f25d5f62463c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-06-26T09:23:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"9e521c413f7daee3f14b3bcf6605114cbee7c015f96a4711d0fc6ffd2e73b9f4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.27881","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.27881","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.27881v1","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.27881","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"27HL5R2XUPZ6","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"27HL5R2XUPZ6B6DR","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"27HL5R2X","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:343bf3099bdf191abef80b809d95008dcd55d6c3b61697a73c776127c219c24e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2606.27881/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Temporal variation poses a unique challenge for named entity recognition (NER) in historical texts, where entities drift in surface form and salience across time. While language models (LMs) have made progress in various NLP tasks, their ability to reason about temporality, especially in diachronic contexts, remains limited or at least, questionable. In this paper, we systematically study how temporal metadata can be structurally embedded into NER models using a range of lightweight fusion strategies. We experiment with both absolute and relative temporal representations, injected into Transfo","authors_text":"Emanuela Boros","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-06-26T09:23:31Z","title":"A Study of Temporal Fusion Strategies for Named Entity Recognition in Historical Texts"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.27881","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:655ade2c355344fdd59b87549b2901233e3a2f30ad284fdf252deac52f88f0af","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aecf014a20ab0500668312b2d72628bfb5f6ca3893d9ed4a68a5f25d5f62463c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-06-26T09:23:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"9e521c413f7daee3f14b3bcf6605114cbee7c015f96a4711d0fc6ffd2e73b9f4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.27881","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d7cebec757a3f3e0f8714a7b1abc8b4ebcdeab628543daee942015ed11c280b0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d7cebec757a3f3e0f8714a7b1abc8b4ebcdeab628543daee942015ed11c280b0","first_computed_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51.523716Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51.523716Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xDKRFnNzFvSJCyn641VRM05bk9Pc6Y7wR/Pg+aZzyJvKpJ8cX6KjnpFS8ekfeYoT+sG3ES08HAiU8fEDRhYgAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-29T01:14:51.524112Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2606.27881","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:655ade2c355344fdd59b87549b2901233e3a2f30ad284fdf252deac52f88f0af","sha256:343bf3099bdf191abef80b809d95008dcd55d6c3b61697a73c776127c219c24e"],"state_sha256":"5d12ce974ad9aa46b37079d8e4277851cfafd87b67e39279903f3354eea4226a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+bMHDcUZ8C1HHu0pcu7LSEL+R6wPFO3ODyYdOVpOE2Skii48ijrGhXmwwH3VPT7p1ItZvli0Ge1gQ8J+tYEqCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-30T14:06:49.920085Z","bundle_sha256":"f9aab2caeed4b5b064ff7f236bf3ef5bb15668cab354d56c919f5235204ec542"}}