{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ","short_pith_number":"pith:27LCWZEX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.3396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2014-05-14T08:03:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"944fec365831b1e3da3c176e5eb68a0f65ee20349c2c86d32f9442563ec4d51a","abstract_canon_sha256":"6b089e8f68e5aedc84636a5fe21c71ecf8d843db102ae4d6169f14f822b12bd3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d7d62b6497765d1904260006f4b6179c07633f54ca2e296192dc319c5e1dda58","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.3396","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.3396","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.3396v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.3396","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"27LCWZEXOZOR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"27LCWZEXOZORSBBG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"27LCWZEX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.3396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2014-05-14T08:03:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"944fec365831b1e3da3c176e5eb68a0f65ee20349c2c86d32f9442563ec4d51a","abstract_canon_sha256":"6b089e8f68e5aedc84636a5fe21c71ecf8d843db102ae4d6169f14f822b12bd3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d7d62b6497765d1904260006f4b6179c07633f54ca2e296192dc319c5e1dda58","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56.134567Z","signature_b64":"8km/6si3swfuYglwkWIMEQMWnSgWNNcu/p1Vgkoox9G8HC8ZIrsz4tLPf64kvXhJbgFDNC5c7cGiFSyttabqBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d7d62b6497765d1904260006f4b6179c07633f54ca2e296192dc319c5e1dda58","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56.134058Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56.134058Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.3396","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CEywWwpYTMQ7tn8JsRfhYDjOQ4kqDnuOGBnqWiCJvRYrfQpeqK2JQCuTkUIJBdDNXnT75J310dX9dz1Cmh2AAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T10:34:46.756491Z"},"content_sha256":"8b91a3cd478e43ea2af18459f1720532721e3f5763952e726212c1e65af2944d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8b91a3cd478e43ea2af18459f1720532721e3f5763952e726212c1e65af2944d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Reducing Dueling Bandits to Cardinal Bandits","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Nir Ailon, Thorsten Joachims, Zohar Karnin","submitted_at":"2014-05-14T08:03:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present algorithms for reducing the Dueling Bandits problem to the conventional (stochastic) Multi-Armed Bandits problem. The Dueling Bandits problem is an online model of learning with ordinal feedback of the form \"A is preferred to B\" (as opposed to cardinal feedback like \"A has value 2.5\"), giving it wide applicability in learning from implicit user feedback and revealed and stated preferences. In contrast to existing algorithms for the Dueling Bandits problem, our reductions -- named $\\Doubler$, $\\MultiSbm$ and $\\DoubleSbm$ -- provide a generic schema for translating the extensive body "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.3396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2xmTtHO4qD1g5uA5fKDk88+qQRJGIEtG3vW4YJDZwVZDd3rDDbiLaT25AQUAIsB9PMx++nepbl0EdgUxIi7JAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T10:34:46.757157Z"},"content_sha256":"5bffadf278eff8bd462419dd9d883f500de57f6d7c482cbf03d21f8bc7b6a151","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5bffadf278eff8bd462419dd9d883f500de57f6d7c482cbf03d21f8bc7b6a151"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T10:34:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:27LCWZEXOZORSBBGAADPJNQXTQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6b089e8f68e5aedc84636a5fe21c71ecf8d843db102ae4d6169f14f822b12bd3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2014-05-14T08:03:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"944fec365831b1e3da3c176e5eb68a0f65ee20349c2c86d32f9442563ec4d51a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.3396","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.3396","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.3396v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.3396","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"27LCWZEXOZOR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"27LCWZEXOZORSBBG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"27LCWZEX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5bffadf278eff8bd462419dd9d883f500de57f6d7c482cbf03d21f8bc7b6a151","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present algorithms for reducing the Dueling Bandits problem to the conventional (stochastic) Multi-Armed Bandits problem. The Dueling Bandits problem is an online model of learning with ordinal feedback of the form \"A is preferred to B\" (as opposed to cardinal feedback like \"A has value 2.5\"), giving it wide applicability in learning from implicit user feedback and revealed and stated preferences. In contrast to existing algorithms for the Dueling Bandits problem, our reductions -- named $\\Doubler$, $\\MultiSbm$ and $\\DoubleSbm$ -- provide a generic schema for translating the extensive body ","authors_text":"Nir Ailon, Thorsten Joachims, Zohar Karnin","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2014-05-14T08:03:08Z","title":"Reducing Dueling Bandits to Cardinal Bandits"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.3396","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8b91a3cd478e43ea2af18459f1720532721e3f5763952e726212c1e65af2944d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6b089e8f68e5aedc84636a5fe21c71ecf8d843db102ae4d6169f14f822b12bd3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2014-05-14T08:03:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"944fec365831b1e3da3c176e5eb68a0f65ee20349c2c86d32f9442563ec4d51a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.3396","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d7d62b6497765d1904260006f4b6179c07633f54ca2e296192dc319c5e1dda58","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d7d62b6497765d1904260006f4b6179c07633f54ca2e296192dc319c5e1dda58","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56.134058Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56.134058Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8km/6si3swfuYglwkWIMEQMWnSgWNNcu/p1Vgkoox9G8HC8ZIrsz4tLPf64kvXhJbgFDNC5c7cGiFSyttabqBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:56.134567Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.3396","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8b91a3cd478e43ea2af18459f1720532721e3f5763952e726212c1e65af2944d","sha256:5bffadf278eff8bd462419dd9d883f500de57f6d7c482cbf03d21f8bc7b6a151"],"state_sha256":"09a5128033e5e575f8261ee01050cc0a414559ca9ea1feac84f7b8cad46dc563"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vtXBzeWm8VMnpw3wHLt9jcTsCg6IQUWpyJEfp2N85JX7LlBcC8EhwCKPbzN51JOGDuBU3rSQuvvC92Y+7D8+BA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T10:34:46.760742Z","bundle_sha256":"232ac3edfe6e88d453035c07184e4a62e2e36c6eed97effa7dfc02f41dbaf95d"}}