{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW","short_pith_number":"pith:2D4TAAS6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0906.3243","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-06-17T17:09:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f737d771afb418707dcd090baf798349f90d8eace8378571841687ac785a863a","abstract_canon_sha256":"2f59c6f14856329ab440b0c7dfa98e1a768b2102c90536e24ba32249dfbfc397"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d0f930025ebec2c10ed39541de8c819db14124a7b59ffd2805352cfe08dc21b3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0906.3243","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0906.3243","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0906.3243v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0906.3243","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2D4TAAS6X3BM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2D4TAAS6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0906.3243","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-06-17T17:09:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f737d771afb418707dcd090baf798349f90d8eace8378571841687ac785a863a","abstract_canon_sha256":"2f59c6f14856329ab440b0c7dfa98e1a768b2102c90536e24ba32249dfbfc397"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d0f930025ebec2c10ed39541de8c819db14124a7b59ffd2805352cfe08dc21b3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39.927698Z","signature_b64":"YFIgPFG+TAUd28NESmckyENBN0aKJ30+hu6kuWpn9YpxBNqDXcJ+ziqgx25fPgSgIWxjgOgRN2JXCBNzYunzCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d0f930025ebec2c10ed39541de8c819db14124a7b59ffd2805352cfe08dc21b3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39.926276Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39.926276Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0906.3243","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0IzlYYxJT0HIQNJeqFboW036VSM5UM4vOR89Qbm02ukAyIDfyAtlZ5Dsm6sKykZNT0gysqsYSxBIz10FEVLkDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-12T02:50:49.907996Z"},"content_sha256":"e4ff78fc9cd895db6fc043988824cd82b0adb4aba060511fb96158606c5a6c04","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e4ff78fc9cd895db6fc043988824cd82b0adb4aba060511fb96158606c5a6c04"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"More than mass proportional heating of heavy ions by supercritical collisionless shocks in the solar corona","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Gaetano Zimbardo","submitted_at":"2009-06-17T17:09:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a new model for explaining the observations of more than mass proportional heating of heavy ions in the polar solar corona. We point out that a large number of small scale intermittent shock waves can be present in the solar corona. The energization mechanism is, essentially, the ion reflection off supercritical quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks in the corona and the subsequent acceleration by the motional electric field ${\\bf E} = - (1/c) {\\bf V} \\times {\\bf B}$. The acceleration due to ${\\bf E}$ is perpendicular to the magnetic field, in agreement with observations, and is "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0906.3243","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jMaPzPAuWU06LmpwQyxTZRYRsowPAJXlgf4cBb+VCca71O73RgQlHaK+WjukfDHXT4q1ZnTNpN1RfXhnOKO3Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-12T02:50:49.908694Z"},"content_sha256":"9c57ab7fc323c1b2d69ff7897ce4d734eb81126345ea5397f02262fb1d944cba","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9c57ab7fc323c1b2d69ff7897ce4d734eb81126345ea5397f02262fb1d944cba"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-12T02:50:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWTSVA55DEBTW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2f59c6f14856329ab440b0c7dfa98e1a768b2102c90536e24ba32249dfbfc397","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-06-17T17:09:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"f737d771afb418707dcd090baf798349f90d8eace8378571841687ac785a863a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0906.3243","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0906.3243","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0906.3243v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0906.3243","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2D4TAAS6X3BM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2D4TAAS6X3BMCDWT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2D4TAAS6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9c57ab7fc323c1b2d69ff7897ce4d734eb81126345ea5397f02262fb1d944cba","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose a new model for explaining the observations of more than mass proportional heating of heavy ions in the polar solar corona. We point out that a large number of small scale intermittent shock waves can be present in the solar corona. The energization mechanism is, essentially, the ion reflection off supercritical quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks in the corona and the subsequent acceleration by the motional electric field ${\\bf E} = - (1/c) {\\bf V} \\times {\\bf B}$. The acceleration due to ${\\bf E}$ is perpendicular to the magnetic field, in agreement with observations, and is ","authors_text":"Gaetano Zimbardo","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-06-17T17:09:31Z","title":"More than mass proportional heating of heavy ions by supercritical collisionless shocks in the solar corona"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0906.3243","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e4ff78fc9cd895db6fc043988824cd82b0adb4aba060511fb96158606c5a6c04","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2f59c6f14856329ab440b0c7dfa98e1a768b2102c90536e24ba32249dfbfc397","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2009-06-17T17:09:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"f737d771afb418707dcd090baf798349f90d8eace8378571841687ac785a863a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0906.3243","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d0f930025ebec2c10ed39541de8c819db14124a7b59ffd2805352cfe08dc21b3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d0f930025ebec2c10ed39541de8c819db14124a7b59ffd2805352cfe08dc21b3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39.926276Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39.926276Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YFIgPFG+TAUd28NESmckyENBN0aKJ30+hu6kuWpn9YpxBNqDXcJ+ziqgx25fPgSgIWxjgOgRN2JXCBNzYunzCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:33:39.927698Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0906.3243","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e4ff78fc9cd895db6fc043988824cd82b0adb4aba060511fb96158606c5a6c04","sha256:9c57ab7fc323c1b2d69ff7897ce4d734eb81126345ea5397f02262fb1d944cba"],"state_sha256":"c499d09083e4819f1acbfb03b0336bb9289321409dd595db383788b2b0d24232"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UxeJB7yLCPn9duoyq6ggICkGgVEI822mLSPspNSr96OSlySz3bK4kHzYfD7GCutgDcZJAP/0kG0w2gA2qol8Dw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-12T02:50:49.912405Z","bundle_sha256":"19e22cddb53a269b6913880989a89aff6796f14ec6028dbc2b72e635b9341082"}}