{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH","short_pith_number":"pith:2DOZ2X23","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.09235","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2018-12-20T07:45:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"073903466247a95150ce6d1326f58c400f3c0e06331592eb09ed384e88a1a6de","abstract_canon_sha256":"1f130a675640ef7ba7893a1c7a8c6b7c8c91e8dc0878c61635f7c6c4b388e751"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d0dd9d5f5bff831d60b4062246385a79ea054bd77e1b26522563c8c9b3910e91","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.09235","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.09235","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.09235v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.09235","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2DOZ2X2376BR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2DOZ2X2376BR2YFU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2DOZ2X23","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.09235","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2018-12-20T07:45:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"073903466247a95150ce6d1326f58c400f3c0e06331592eb09ed384e88a1a6de","abstract_canon_sha256":"1f130a675640ef7ba7893a1c7a8c6b7c8c91e8dc0878c61635f7c6c4b388e751"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d0dd9d5f5bff831d60b4062246385a79ea054bd77e1b26522563c8c9b3910e91","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45.867419Z","signature_b64":"7fH1Oeq0owuSz2gNijD7sPREYUGElWREqlrha5k6Lb8fBo9Hxcxrr+3wuagV9vVMx0AaAuiDEXNioK0ebucqBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d0dd9d5f5bff831d60b4062246385a79ea054bd77e1b26522563c8c9b3910e91","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45.866990Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45.866990Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1812.09235","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NiMOd4eGVYntteU2oh2Vgl8y2nomRVBgKViU6YIi8ibPOlR0dmv3U+Ep/GvhoOT/9cgSaxkjRUkChmIshOOWBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T12:22:09.473685Z"},"content_sha256":"52136e4ac07f5dc479fa742835b5b1fee6b61bf22ed6588bcb8885cb903481e8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:52136e4ac07f5dc479fa742835b5b1fee6b61bf22ed6588bcb8885cb903481e8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gravitational wave production after inflation with cuspy potentials","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Gary Shiu, Jing Liu, Rong-Gen Cai, Zong-Kuan Guo","submitted_at":"2018-12-20T07:45:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the effect of the cuspiness of scalar potentials on the production of gravitational waves during oscillon formation after inflation. We consider a more general form of potentials with a mass parameter $M$, which repoduce cuspy potentials for fields much larger than $M$, and smooth potentials in the opposite limit. For cuspy potentials, nonsmooth oscillations of the inflaton induce an amplification of the inflaton fluctuations at the bottom of the potential, so that oscillons copiously form, which leads to a significant stochastic gravitational wave background with a double-peak "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.09235","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KF2EmSMv+wHdN9t+X644s7e3QD5kiUNygiO74Gr6P9gfpJmbAhlYsrv0t5ZXdXyqBnuzcH6LvtcCs4uWjPIHAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T12:22:09.474036Z"},"content_sha256":"573d1bfc6deb94ac4fe57a282ff473586bf5a502c7184556383e7414a7f134cf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:573d1bfc6deb94ac4fe57a282ff473586bf5a502c7184556383e7414a7f134cf"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T12:22:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:2DOZ2X2376BR2YFUAYREMOC2PH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1f130a675640ef7ba7893a1c7a8c6b7c8c91e8dc0878c61635f7c6c4b388e751","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2018-12-20T07:45:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"073903466247a95150ce6d1326f58c400f3c0e06331592eb09ed384e88a1a6de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.09235","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.09235","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.09235v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.09235","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2DOZ2X2376BR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2DOZ2X2376BR2YFU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2DOZ2X23","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:573d1bfc6deb94ac4fe57a282ff473586bf5a502c7184556383e7414a7f134cf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the effect of the cuspiness of scalar potentials on the production of gravitational waves during oscillon formation after inflation. We consider a more general form of potentials with a mass parameter $M$, which repoduce cuspy potentials for fields much larger than $M$, and smooth potentials in the opposite limit. For cuspy potentials, nonsmooth oscillations of the inflaton induce an amplification of the inflaton fluctuations at the bottom of the potential, so that oscillons copiously form, which leads to a significant stochastic gravitational wave background with a double-peak ","authors_text":"Gary Shiu, Jing Liu, Rong-Gen Cai, Zong-Kuan Guo","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2018-12-20T07:45:00Z","title":"Gravitational wave production after inflation with cuspy potentials"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.09235","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:52136e4ac07f5dc479fa742835b5b1fee6b61bf22ed6588bcb8885cb903481e8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1f130a675640ef7ba7893a1c7a8c6b7c8c91e8dc0878c61635f7c6c4b388e751","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2018-12-20T07:45:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"073903466247a95150ce6d1326f58c400f3c0e06331592eb09ed384e88a1a6de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1812.09235","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d0dd9d5f5bff831d60b4062246385a79ea054bd77e1b26522563c8c9b3910e91","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d0dd9d5f5bff831d60b4062246385a79ea054bd77e1b26522563c8c9b3910e91","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45.866990Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45.866990Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7fH1Oeq0owuSz2gNijD7sPREYUGElWREqlrha5k6Lb8fBo9Hxcxrr+3wuagV9vVMx0AaAuiDEXNioK0ebucqBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:46:45.867419Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1812.09235","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:52136e4ac07f5dc479fa742835b5b1fee6b61bf22ed6588bcb8885cb903481e8","sha256:573d1bfc6deb94ac4fe57a282ff473586bf5a502c7184556383e7414a7f134cf"],"state_sha256":"b7f99cc295d409f1638f5895129dee93e019aa8ff0e6c5e4c95f58d73da8daff"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lHitNJd2gDzx1526LmMcQGycKUS3xU3tX52dxnEJIsikQCeZjA0DhMuLmpwL8szfOpJMt3GgSD682lpQeohzDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T12:22:09.476156Z","bundle_sha256":"28eeea2d6047103877e87331f34c027a2f190f411648bd0c55bb3f13b6a2bfe4"}}