{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW","short_pith_number":"pith:2GBR7PD2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.02574","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-05T21:46:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bb6897a53e1f5e6599042853eb192ef582258b2e42fbbb39d151b330a86a2b65","abstract_canon_sha256":"0550b9fbee81faba503b6ee5afdf7b1a54b93d2f3e886259eb0e84ff6548e9b5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d1831fbc7ac2d96f610ffe891e86be6584b81c8a11c09fbf9625dc2168ba409e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2210.02574","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.02574","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.02574v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.02574","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2GBR7PD2YLMW","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2GBR7PD2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.02574","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-05T21:46:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bb6897a53e1f5e6599042853eb192ef582258b2e42fbbb39d151b330a86a2b65","abstract_canon_sha256":"0550b9fbee81faba503b6ee5afdf7b1a54b93d2f3e886259eb0e84ff6548e9b5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d1831fbc7ac2d96f610ffe891e86be6584b81c8a11c09fbf9625dc2168ba409e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54.168167Z","signature_b64":"UKYG8EXSNOkS94OSaC7cbdPYZuvxtZ7ToFwqhf4i7t+UZPMHgERzdPQft95nWQJlKrJwMKgvFdLsxT1NIcZCDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d1831fbc7ac2d96f610ffe891e86be6584b81c8a11c09fbf9625dc2168ba409e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54.167621Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54.167621Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2210.02574","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6y6GfP0UZQVrsk+exRvBy+9A+HT4mcu3oC/34XRMpwLpTGBkxZTiQUIZW25mVDVzk23UsuKQc/IotbcyLJ6cBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:05:15.966741Z"},"content_sha256":"3986e1024ba2939d23c7a726a395a2fd0b0d5ddcc317da31d3d439d2f83ff63e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3986e1024ba2939d23c7a726a395a2fd0b0d5ddcc317da31d3d439d2f83ff63e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Privacy-Preserving Text Classification on BERT Embeddings with Homomorphic Encryption","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Garam Lee, Jai Hyun Park, Jung Hee Cheon, Minsoo Kim, Seung-won Hwang","submitted_at":"2022-10-05T21:46:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"Embeddings, which compress information in raw text into semantics-preserving low-dimensional vectors, have been widely adopted for their efficacy. However, recent research has shown that embeddings can potentially leak private information about sensitive attributes of the text, and in some cases, can be inverted to recover the original input text. To address these growing privacy challenges, we propose a privatization mechanism for embeddings based on homomorphic encryption, to prevent potential leakage of any piece of information in the process of text classification. In particular, our metho"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.02574","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2210.02574/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mn1uOa92YpcgAE1TXQ6Be7G/3YnM+T4yPHWUAckE/gGBf2S4s+V2dwJD2HU8VUbqQmNfIInF6090cSGSUrQSBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:05:15.967352Z"},"content_sha256":"9265a618a12701b536682239880c18e2e54ccb2ad8d77810ec91aae9c7cc4032","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9265a618a12701b536682239880c18e2e54ccb2ad8d77810ec91aae9c7cc4032"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T22:05:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP72ER5BV6MW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0550b9fbee81faba503b6ee5afdf7b1a54b93d2f3e886259eb0e84ff6548e9b5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-05T21:46:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"bb6897a53e1f5e6599042853eb192ef582258b2e42fbbb39d151b330a86a2b65"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.02574","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.02574","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.02574v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.02574","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2GBR7PD2YLMW","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2GBR7PD2YLMW6YIP","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2GBR7PD2","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9265a618a12701b536682239880c18e2e54ccb2ad8d77810ec91aae9c7cc4032","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2210.02574/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Embeddings, which compress information in raw text into semantics-preserving low-dimensional vectors, have been widely adopted for their efficacy. However, recent research has shown that embeddings can potentially leak private information about sensitive attributes of the text, and in some cases, can be inverted to recover the original input text. To address these growing privacy challenges, we propose a privatization mechanism for embeddings based on homomorphic encryption, to prevent potential leakage of any piece of information in the process of text classification. In particular, our metho","authors_text":"Garam Lee, Jai Hyun Park, Jung Hee Cheon, Minsoo Kim, Seung-won Hwang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-05T21:46:02Z","title":"Privacy-Preserving Text Classification on BERT Embeddings with Homomorphic Encryption"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.02574","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3986e1024ba2939d23c7a726a395a2fd0b0d5ddcc317da31d3d439d2f83ff63e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0550b9fbee81faba503b6ee5afdf7b1a54b93d2f3e886259eb0e84ff6548e9b5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-05T21:46:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"bb6897a53e1f5e6599042853eb192ef582258b2e42fbbb39d151b330a86a2b65"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.02574","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d1831fbc7ac2d96f610ffe891e86be6584b81c8a11c09fbf9625dc2168ba409e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d1831fbc7ac2d96f610ffe891e86be6584b81c8a11c09fbf9625dc2168ba409e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54.167621Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54.167621Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"UKYG8EXSNOkS94OSaC7cbdPYZuvxtZ7ToFwqhf4i7t+UZPMHgERzdPQft95nWQJlKrJwMKgvFdLsxT1NIcZCDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:03:54.168167Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2210.02574","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3986e1024ba2939d23c7a726a395a2fd0b0d5ddcc317da31d3d439d2f83ff63e","sha256:9265a618a12701b536682239880c18e2e54ccb2ad8d77810ec91aae9c7cc4032"],"state_sha256":"09754726fcef7c140e2652dece92b5fc89a857ba38b920b1a8054ce036afb46c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yo2rZsinhfFq/PQSiBCo4EaB8dNyZYCbN29JQUh3Wa4pqo490T72YnBkFgvQDfAGgJ8y+H6K+O8k6TaGYO6wAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T22:05:15.972132Z","bundle_sha256":"c5689b8329d519d02870c42b53d715c4003a137cec6ff93ceeb4bdbbdde93fd1"}}