{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3","short_pith_number":"pith:2HRINYY3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1103.0212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-01T16:39:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a0bb53dc756407684da672bad4961c22ee49273cb5f5998e94cc05247b060bec","abstract_canon_sha256":"fb164cb55ed5822855c9018ce21062568974694a55f41ae2015b4677dbd5eac4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d1e286e31b34728fbc357fc8b8fd2d66f312e3b8793aac5e6861db86107ebbc6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1103.0212","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1103.0212","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1103.0212v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1103.0212","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2HRINYY3GRZI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2HRINYY3GRZI7PBV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2HRINYY3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1103.0212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-01T16:39:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a0bb53dc756407684da672bad4961c22ee49273cb5f5998e94cc05247b060bec","abstract_canon_sha256":"fb164cb55ed5822855c9018ce21062568974694a55f41ae2015b4677dbd5eac4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d1e286e31b34728fbc357fc8b8fd2d66f312e3b8793aac5e6861db86107ebbc6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01.638106Z","signature_b64":"HDKCSLhDtK/7mXQCjcr4LE8VQBbbE52wot09U0QF7Gg3C6BXN/q+x1u3PWxVWCluueP6GZ2NnPy+EnZaHjDUAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d1e286e31b34728fbc357fc8b8fd2d66f312e3b8793aac5e6861db86107ebbc6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01.637416Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01.637416Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1103.0212","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IJTHR50d7RRdP7qVsjdDFa6AgBdD5tyc2FfyF/BuuORGIj/nFaXGE4BPFYi6RscjJXavQpMVFLEZmdgwnY2eBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:50:22.788479Z"},"content_sha256":"a4c20efec43afc80f5e5f85a06d6ccfe08b0b3395a9e027d511ff3f22bc93335","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a4c20efec43afc80f5e5f85a06d6ccfe08b0b3395a9e027d511ff3f22bc93335"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Nonlinear conductance quantization in graphene ribbons","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"G. Kirczenow, S. Ihnatsenka","submitted_at":"2011-03-01T16:39:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present numerical studies of non-linear conduction in graphene nanoribbons when a bias potential is applied between the source and drain electrodes. We find that the conductance quantization plateaus show asymmetry between the electron and hole branches if the potential in the ribbon equals the source or drain electrode potential and strong electron (hole) scattering occurs. The scattering may be at the ends of a uniform ballistic ribbon connecting wider regions of graphene or may be due to defects in the ribbon. We argue that, in ribbons with strong defect scattering, the ribbon potential "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1103.0212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Bg7e5f6B/+SHm1zjjvTmsulOKpEW7BCH+evMPW4gCl11pMt0veugUvJGOeqOtEQo6wN1Tp0rrWrsTLHheqdsBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:50:22.788825Z"},"content_sha256":"60346b945bc494ca9118767ec9e66ee08287493930bd388878ba45a9303121c8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60346b945bc494ca9118767ec9e66ee08287493930bd388878ba45a9303121c8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T23:50:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:2HRINYY3GRZI7PBVP7ELR7JNM3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fb164cb55ed5822855c9018ce21062568974694a55f41ae2015b4677dbd5eac4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-01T16:39:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"a0bb53dc756407684da672bad4961c22ee49273cb5f5998e94cc05247b060bec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1103.0212","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1103.0212","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1103.0212v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1103.0212","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2HRINYY3GRZI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2HRINYY3GRZI7PBV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2HRINYY3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:60346b945bc494ca9118767ec9e66ee08287493930bd388878ba45a9303121c8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present numerical studies of non-linear conduction in graphene nanoribbons when a bias potential is applied between the source and drain electrodes. We find that the conductance quantization plateaus show asymmetry between the electron and hole branches if the potential in the ribbon equals the source or drain electrode potential and strong electron (hole) scattering occurs. The scattering may be at the ends of a uniform ballistic ribbon connecting wider regions of graphene or may be due to defects in the ribbon. We argue that, in ribbons with strong defect scattering, the ribbon potential ","authors_text":"G. Kirczenow, S. Ihnatsenka","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-01T16:39:23Z","title":"Nonlinear conductance quantization in graphene ribbons"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1103.0212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a4c20efec43afc80f5e5f85a06d6ccfe08b0b3395a9e027d511ff3f22bc93335","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fb164cb55ed5822855c9018ce21062568974694a55f41ae2015b4677dbd5eac4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-01T16:39:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"a0bb53dc756407684da672bad4961c22ee49273cb5f5998e94cc05247b060bec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1103.0212","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d1e286e31b34728fbc357fc8b8fd2d66f312e3b8793aac5e6861db86107ebbc6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d1e286e31b34728fbc357fc8b8fd2d66f312e3b8793aac5e6861db86107ebbc6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01.637416Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01.637416Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HDKCSLhDtK/7mXQCjcr4LE8VQBbbE52wot09U0QF7Gg3C6BXN/q+x1u3PWxVWCluueP6GZ2NnPy+EnZaHjDUAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:01.638106Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1103.0212","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a4c20efec43afc80f5e5f85a06d6ccfe08b0b3395a9e027d511ff3f22bc93335","sha256:60346b945bc494ca9118767ec9e66ee08287493930bd388878ba45a9303121c8"],"state_sha256":"3ca8d602e6eeb0c0c64e1959efb4d8e4f2c87c0aabd85befabb780f8dd6e71fb"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bNdlLlCPuL+4RHUNk0ad3Fuaq8jjqrqn1/9eG88OhfVqyRXWqjMqqzPNXyo2kYV2JsQ/DI+icLXe08hXz5L7Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:50:22.790809Z","bundle_sha256":"13e516de03a324c9ec36b4b28d2cc8019edb1c1f0098b7f3f0fb42bb05b4ec23"}}