{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1993:2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7","short_pith_number":"pith:2J6CRFRV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9309037","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1993-09-07T13:29:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"a7f816f173cc0a6012e1f07c8fe5da46570adc74dbd8e3306068926d46da131d","abstract_canon_sha256":"48f4178fc0180ffc5ade5f7748598d48304e4957defa82a0e0dc249505c0eae4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d27c2896354d0dbf0b9c1a50e7f2f527cdcee298887a537212524638bf9aee51","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-th/9309037","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9309037","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9309037v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9309037","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2J6CRFRVJUG3","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2J6CRFRVJUG36C44","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2J6CRFRV","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1993:2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9309037","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1993-09-07T13:29:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"a7f816f173cc0a6012e1f07c8fe5da46570adc74dbd8e3306068926d46da131d","abstract_canon_sha256":"48f4178fc0180ffc5ade5f7748598d48304e4957defa82a0e0dc249505c0eae4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d27c2896354d0dbf0b9c1a50e7f2f527cdcee298887a537212524638bf9aee51","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18.354393Z","signature_b64":"xkSPhOh6KpM2pFmknWrPXaQjtMJD7eD4WUPVKfEsnEuOE2RywLDAsY+1tUUKBQYnrV0po6uyFCQCHXdyopU0AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d27c2896354d0dbf0b9c1a50e7f2f527cdcee298887a537212524638bf9aee51","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18.353986Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18.353986Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-th/9309037","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mzPoOlS6VaL9Mjidn5YTl97nVX/iQ+MeE6pbhgUPpCxUJsYVYLP6sw+bx1jctwXmFQGgAMTB0mCmhnCOlv6iDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T10:55:03.641004Z"},"content_sha256":"007cacb47a1d5568cedff8d0acfef3aa915198d72eba271fbbca56f042f25f12","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:007cacb47a1d5568cedff8d0acfef3aa915198d72eba271fbbca56f042f25f12"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1993:2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Planckian Energy Scattering and Surface Terms in the Gravitational Action","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"G.A. Vilkovisky, G. Veneziano, M. Fabbrichesi, R. Pettorini","submitted_at":"1993-09-07T13:29:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"This is a revised version of our previous paper by the same name and preprint number. It contains various changes, two figures and new results in sect.5. We propose a new approach to four-dimensional Planckian-energy scattering in which the phase of the ${\\cal S}$-matrix is written---to leading order in $\\hbar$ and to all orders in $R/b =Gs/J$---in terms of the surface term of the gravity action and of a boundary term for the colliding quanta. The proposal is checked at the leading order in $R/b$ and also against some known examples of scattering in strong gravitational fields."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9309037","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/hep-th/9309037/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Hc8Fofbu+8Ku5xHAN9aJ+35fdTiGOyDT4RwUpdcF46Q53EaSM28cXYY1g1bwHdPR03xz/avSyLcJDIo2fqzDDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T10:55:03.641495Z"},"content_sha256":"5001cff98698ac4333070ef092e053dba829b7b78a6dc172c450629d0b17f96b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5001cff98698ac4333070ef092e053dba829b7b78a6dc172c450629d0b17f96b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-12T10:55:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1993:2J6CRFRVJUG36C44DJIOP4XVE7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"48f4178fc0180ffc5ade5f7748598d48304e4957defa82a0e0dc249505c0eae4","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1993-09-07T13:29:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"a7f816f173cc0a6012e1f07c8fe5da46570adc74dbd8e3306068926d46da131d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/9309037","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9309037","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9309037v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9309037","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2J6CRFRVJUG3","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2J6CRFRVJUG36C44","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2J6CRFRV","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5001cff98698ac4333070ef092e053dba829b7b78a6dc172c450629d0b17f96b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/hep-th/9309037/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This is a revised version of our previous paper by the same name and preprint number. It contains various changes, two figures and new results in sect.5. We propose a new approach to four-dimensional Planckian-energy scattering in which the phase of the ${\\cal S}$-matrix is written---to leading order in $\\hbar$ and to all orders in $R/b =Gs/J$---in terms of the surface term of the gravity action and of a boundary term for the colliding quanta. The proposal is checked at the leading order in $R/b$ and also against some known examples of scattering in strong gravitational fields.","authors_text":"G.A. Vilkovisky, G. Veneziano, M. Fabbrichesi, R. Pettorini","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1993-09-07T13:29:57Z","title":"Planckian Energy Scattering and Surface Terms in the Gravitational Action"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9309037","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:007cacb47a1d5568cedff8d0acfef3aa915198d72eba271fbbca56f042f25f12","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"48f4178fc0180ffc5ade5f7748598d48304e4957defa82a0e0dc249505c0eae4","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1993-09-07T13:29:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"a7f816f173cc0a6012e1f07c8fe5da46570adc74dbd8e3306068926d46da131d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/9309037","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d27c2896354d0dbf0b9c1a50e7f2f527cdcee298887a537212524638bf9aee51","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d27c2896354d0dbf0b9c1a50e7f2f527cdcee298887a537212524638bf9aee51","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18.353986Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18.353986Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xkSPhOh6KpM2pFmknWrPXaQjtMJD7eD4WUPVKfEsnEuOE2RywLDAsY+1tUUKBQYnrV0po6uyFCQCHXdyopU0AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:56:18.354393Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-th/9309037","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:007cacb47a1d5568cedff8d0acfef3aa915198d72eba271fbbca56f042f25f12","sha256:5001cff98698ac4333070ef092e053dba829b7b78a6dc172c450629d0b17f96b"],"state_sha256":"2503091e2975418bbb79be6463fcba5157254457b8027fc0d1333be4d825459e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5chBUgSolgkPePQcLUDPGxYBY1VUc9QXVCe0BT2uGHbGq/fFU0ik/a56KR/RIVyGDZEOi1QzlvJBHHioCLL9Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T10:55:03.646387Z","bundle_sha256":"53ee220751b0e37cdb29f35180257d3950f6f052a2d00e01002708b7eff08dea"}}