{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB","short_pith_number":"pith:2LU5NEB2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.03171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-06T17:13:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"6726ddda2f23074bdeb6a341ad8ecd08dff9a1876f7a2299373a73953a0adae6","abstract_canon_sha256":"579b4ee3fba0e07ada505fe57dbc198c93c8967ecc99a6e966ea1841256ee8b3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d2e9d6903aeac493f0c5b9512eacb73040f0daff8d979af720884ddb8c61bd8e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.03171","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.03171","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.03171v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.03171","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2LU5NEB25LCJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2LU5NEB25LCJH4GF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2LU5NEB2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.03171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-06T17:13:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"6726ddda2f23074bdeb6a341ad8ecd08dff9a1876f7a2299373a73953a0adae6","abstract_canon_sha256":"579b4ee3fba0e07ada505fe57dbc198c93c8967ecc99a6e966ea1841256ee8b3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d2e9d6903aeac493f0c5b9512eacb73040f0daff8d979af720884ddb8c61bd8e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52.076579Z","signature_b64":"NXZ9uraJlKmdrIB1HJlnpN1za1SomkLOsVGXFU2c5MxmIJyZ5nuk6zotrQSypir67TeU6rUnaoznMSs1xPWKBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d2e9d6903aeac493f0c5b9512eacb73040f0daff8d979af720884ddb8c61bd8e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52.076111Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52.076111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.03171","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qvQ1ji+ifFwQqbbs/gtbLSHBrbCnv9JDxVOgw5XBT+gxN/0qaiPSBCJOram/zM8EI0cuxY5ERyiJPtrN0eQnAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-02T23:06:49.690299Z"},"content_sha256":"a07a1b475585492526a0864b50f3d24b7d88145ac992627f03f48637dbd49049","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a07a1b475585492526a0864b50f3d24b7d88145ac992627f03f48637dbd49049"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"What Does '(Non)-Absoluteness of Observed Events' Mean?","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Emily Adlam","submitted_at":"2023-09-06T17:13:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recently there have emerged an assortment of theorems relating to the 'absoluteness of emerged events,' and these results have sometimes been used to argue that quantum mechanics may involve some kind of metaphysically radical non-absoluteness, such as relationalism or perspectivalism. However, in our view a close examination of these theorems fails to convincingly support such possibilities. In this paper we argue that the Wigner's friend paradox, the theorem of Bong et al and the theorem of Lawrence et al are all best understood as demonstrating that if quantum mechanics is universal, and if"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.03171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.03171/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jnNsiidJtbWyk4YWpsqn7hUy6tfhU5/k703cPrUsRc1+qcVDOmu5i950V9qVMtEUIutV+hs7689+pI7qqAiYCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-02T23:06:49.691200Z"},"content_sha256":"f518df2fa3019a27ace3f218b4932388ea5c097f487633decef09730c5942279","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f518df2fa3019a27ace3f218b4932388ea5c097f487633decef09730c5942279"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-02T23:06:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:2LU5NEB25LCJH4GFXFIS5LFXGB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"579b4ee3fba0e07ada505fe57dbc198c93c8967ecc99a6e966ea1841256ee8b3","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-06T17:13:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"6726ddda2f23074bdeb6a341ad8ecd08dff9a1876f7a2299373a73953a0adae6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.03171","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.03171","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.03171v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.03171","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2LU5NEB25LCJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2LU5NEB25LCJH4GF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2LU5NEB2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f518df2fa3019a27ace3f218b4932388ea5c097f487633decef09730c5942279","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.03171/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recently there have emerged an assortment of theorems relating to the 'absoluteness of emerged events,' and these results have sometimes been used to argue that quantum mechanics may involve some kind of metaphysically radical non-absoluteness, such as relationalism or perspectivalism. However, in our view a close examination of these theorems fails to convincingly support such possibilities. In this paper we argue that the Wigner's friend paradox, the theorem of Bong et al and the theorem of Lawrence et al are all best understood as demonstrating that if quantum mechanics is universal, and if","authors_text":"Emily Adlam","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-06T17:13:31Z","title":"What Does '(Non)-Absoluteness of Observed Events' Mean?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.03171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a07a1b475585492526a0864b50f3d24b7d88145ac992627f03f48637dbd49049","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"579b4ee3fba0e07ada505fe57dbc198c93c8967ecc99a6e966ea1841256ee8b3","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2023-09-06T17:13:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"6726ddda2f23074bdeb6a341ad8ecd08dff9a1876f7a2299373a73953a0adae6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.03171","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d2e9d6903aeac493f0c5b9512eacb73040f0daff8d979af720884ddb8c61bd8e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d2e9d6903aeac493f0c5b9512eacb73040f0daff8d979af720884ddb8c61bd8e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52.076111Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52.076111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NXZ9uraJlKmdrIB1HJlnpN1za1SomkLOsVGXFU2c5MxmIJyZ5nuk6zotrQSypir67TeU6rUnaoznMSs1xPWKBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:48:52.076579Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.03171","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a07a1b475585492526a0864b50f3d24b7d88145ac992627f03f48637dbd49049","sha256:f518df2fa3019a27ace3f218b4932388ea5c097f487633decef09730c5942279"],"state_sha256":"13e468bed0181d3781ff3c837dc77fc28f0b47d5d8501c6bf4c1ab15563bb5f6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1mIJMezP+3P+IcXR4UKSFGwDjQPBZqictJdAhg0NbCopTVPkd9J3echiooyqJB+UqRdMm2I7GxNd3ALYAEQBCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-02T23:06:49.696600Z","bundle_sha256":"d31f4383e7d5e7a6e0ba9b938d55b911d6a3cdb293cb92056ba647fee73512d3"}}