{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT","short_pith_number":"pith:2NYPASB6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2508.11730","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2025-08-15T10:34:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"title_canon_sha256":"cc56170489db530a747e644e3e9e2ea97cbaf096b113ee9ae2aa69262c649bc3","abstract_canon_sha256":"b7087bc60dd89ad40eee7bf1ba3660c5b93c85dc4f56a0ed8d3b4574500726d3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d370f0483e33c84c147657c8631896b4f8a4a4923e04c695b03b99b9d4117bd1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2508.11730","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2508.11730","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2508.11730v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2508.11730","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2NYPASB6GPEE","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2NYPASB6GPEEYFDW","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2NYPASB6","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2508.11730","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2025-08-15T10:34:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"title_canon_sha256":"cc56170489db530a747e644e3e9e2ea97cbaf096b113ee9ae2aa69262c649bc3","abstract_canon_sha256":"b7087bc60dd89ad40eee7bf1ba3660c5b93c85dc4f56a0ed8d3b4574500726d3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d370f0483e33c84c147657c8631896b4f8a4a4923e04c695b03b99b9d4117bd1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58.913126Z","signature_b64":"KlOyTs82CCwdCEhluwXU2LXSUY8kTRpJ3UmkILsYsN70oihTlKAmR7ilD5K4GdS4WIYctmXHn4pd2Y08aScwCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d370f0483e33c84c147657c8631896b4f8a4a4923e04c695b03b99b9d4117bd1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58.912566Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58.912566Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2508.11730","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5vmVdonWP+D/rvAjVcUZr3v1lWcLPHExfZZECTTC56Y0O+I4JD12wQd5poDOjn8ISoAfTy0hGKYWBNzOAaXhAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T06:28:23.872666Z"},"content_sha256":"4c3653f5964be928fa16fc8df777ad9b194af4939e5a204a121331e9528596ee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4c3653f5964be928fa16fc8df777ad9b194af4939e5a204a121331e9528596ee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Incorporating an economic approach to production in a health system model","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["q-fin.EC"],"primary_cat":"econ.GN","authors_text":"Bingling She, Margherita Molaro, Martin Chalkley, Paul Revill, Sakshi Mohan, Tara D. Mangal, Tim Colbourn, Timothy B. Hallett, Wiktoria Tafesse","submitted_at":"2025-08-15T10:34:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"As computational capacity increases, it becomes possible to model health systems in greater detail. Multi-disease health system models (HSMs) represent a new development, building on individual level epidemiological models of multiple diseases and capturing how healthcare delivery systems respond to population health needs. The Thanzi la Onse (TLO) model of Malawi is the first of its kind in these respects. In this article, we discuss how we have been bringing economic concepts into the TLO model, and how we are continuing to develop this line of research. This has involved incorporating more "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2508.11730","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2508.11730/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oQTNfv/kcw43FE9pI5bh/uIM7h9zXboTe10/gljhcFdpr2jahWNeKdQbV+c1D/8e1pi9bRZ2FTXWNGrqOQjeDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T06:28:23.873034Z"},"content_sha256":"4bfa9849e4d337067ea7a8a3bdc037851fc66305f292b9d4d3bd762be4ed862f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4bfa9849e4d337067ea7a8a3bdc037851fc66305f292b9d4d3bd762be4ed862f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-10T06:28:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:2NYPASB6GPEEYFDWK7EGGGEWWT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b7087bc60dd89ad40eee7bf1ba3660c5b93c85dc4f56a0ed8d3b4574500726d3","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2025-08-15T10:34:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"cc56170489db530a747e644e3e9e2ea97cbaf096b113ee9ae2aa69262c649bc3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2508.11730","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2508.11730","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2508.11730v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2508.11730","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2NYPASB6GPEE","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2NYPASB6GPEEYFDW","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2NYPASB6","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4bfa9849e4d337067ea7a8a3bdc037851fc66305f292b9d4d3bd762be4ed862f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2508.11730/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As computational capacity increases, it becomes possible to model health systems in greater detail. Multi-disease health system models (HSMs) represent a new development, building on individual level epidemiological models of multiple diseases and capturing how healthcare delivery systems respond to population health needs. The Thanzi la Onse (TLO) model of Malawi is the first of its kind in these respects. In this article, we discuss how we have been bringing economic concepts into the TLO model, and how we are continuing to develop this line of research. This has involved incorporating more ","authors_text":"Bingling She, Margherita Molaro, Martin Chalkley, Paul Revill, Sakshi Mohan, Tara D. Mangal, Tim Colbourn, Timothy B. Hallett, Wiktoria Tafesse","cross_cats":["q-fin.EC"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2025-08-15T10:34:54Z","title":"Incorporating an economic approach to production in a health system model"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2508.11730","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4c3653f5964be928fa16fc8df777ad9b194af4939e5a204a121331e9528596ee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b7087bc60dd89ad40eee7bf1ba3660c5b93c85dc4f56a0ed8d3b4574500726d3","cross_cats_sorted":["q-fin.EC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"econ.GN","submitted_at":"2025-08-15T10:34:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"cc56170489db530a747e644e3e9e2ea97cbaf096b113ee9ae2aa69262c649bc3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2508.11730","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d370f0483e33c84c147657c8631896b4f8a4a4923e04c695b03b99b9d4117bd1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d370f0483e33c84c147657c8631896b4f8a4a4923e04c695b03b99b9d4117bd1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58.912566Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58.912566Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KlOyTs82CCwdCEhluwXU2LXSUY8kTRpJ3UmkILsYsN70oihTlKAmR7ilD5K4GdS4WIYctmXHn4pd2Y08aScwCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:58.913126Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2508.11730","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4c3653f5964be928fa16fc8df777ad9b194af4939e5a204a121331e9528596ee","sha256:4bfa9849e4d337067ea7a8a3bdc037851fc66305f292b9d4d3bd762be4ed862f"],"state_sha256":"95986eeca964861eaf6c8f4a119a6c8c2c074c64e04a5e79f3303132da94743f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Vw39beL5hVZaPvb6hqSCk0IJf8I1u2f9p+H2tIspUSS6nm8x5iKptfdBWAPpm/oXOk4ghVSBhChg21lbL16oDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T06:28:23.874899Z","bundle_sha256":"f93481f899c4ebcc0c28124e2456bcfc8101aee24a0a0d4d41ce495ddd57e86f"}}