{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE","short_pith_number":"pith:2OG4KQGD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.00471","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-02T03:32:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"062db11d8b83985a97735fe461638a6bbf21aa6b34c905371edda24788bad191","abstract_canon_sha256":"3feec886dd97167c51e454ed658ac994ccb5ca4fc9c795d1e85a029a49108dd0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d38dc540c3295332fb58b861f176a679191da9ba5126a0d7a08d1099a222c0de","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1710.00471","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.00471","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.00471v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.00471","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2OG4KQGDFFJT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2OG4KQGDFFJTF62Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2OG4KQGD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.00471","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-02T03:32:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"062db11d8b83985a97735fe461638a6bbf21aa6b34c905371edda24788bad191","abstract_canon_sha256":"3feec886dd97167c51e454ed658ac994ccb5ca4fc9c795d1e85a029a49108dd0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d38dc540c3295332fb58b861f176a679191da9ba5126a0d7a08d1099a222c0de","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16.114773Z","signature_b64":"94qyIuCQrE/W6m+Uy/c3rwijjO1OcVoTz6nNCfmgTK0FM/mXBFgH7bHEJ7s8a90wTio/5HBgRndJIpl9bb6BCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d38dc540c3295332fb58b861f176a679191da9ba5126a0d7a08d1099a222c0de","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16.114194Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16.114194Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1710.00471","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zjxke/WbZsI7+bjr5eo+QySHs6sxpT24GXvVC4xcxOeih/JqDP/iul89iEaNLJn30kFB93bhlo+mXuR//n/CCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:29:48.519691Z"},"content_sha256":"4c42cf57330a45d63eb5a33de7a0d31264df452e2324ab764576d7bb8ecfb362","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4c42cf57330a45d63eb5a33de7a0d31264df452e2324ab764576d7bb8ecfb362"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Realization of the Axion Insulator State in Quantum Anomalous Hall Sandwich Heterostructures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Chaoxing Liu, Cui-Zu Chang, Di Xiao, Fei Wang, Jae-Ho Shin, Jue Jiang, Moses H. W. Chan, Nitin Samarth, Weida Wu, Wenbo Wang, Yi-Fan Zhao","submitted_at":"2017-10-02T03:32:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"The 'magnetoelectric effect' arises from the coupling between magnetic and electric properties in materials. The Z2 invariant of topological insulators (TIs) leads to a quantized version of this phenomenon, known as the topological magnetoelectric (TME) effect. This effect can be realized in a new topological phase called an 'axion insulator' whose surface states are all gapped but the interior still obeys time reversal symmetry. We demonstrate such a phase using electrical transport measurements in a quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) sandwich heterostructure, in which two compositionally different"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.00471","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"s06cnfUcic7TY+9eopCtkDD+VT04qUFLIhdgzJ/iVwxT3ZdxhIryU9F0kLSDSOasEpS2dxBK67KIVOlOvrcQDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:29:48.520048Z"},"content_sha256":"4260abd8fb8af962f014fe0bf1fb745864900095035a39da86040f8fe218863a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4260abd8fb8af962f014fe0bf1fb745864900095035a39da86040f8fe218863a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T07:29:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:2OG4KQGDFFJTF62YXBQ7C5VGPE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3feec886dd97167c51e454ed658ac994ccb5ca4fc9c795d1e85a029a49108dd0","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-02T03:32:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"062db11d8b83985a97735fe461638a6bbf21aa6b34c905371edda24788bad191"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.00471","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.00471","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.00471v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.00471","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2OG4KQGDFFJT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2OG4KQGDFFJTF62Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2OG4KQGD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4260abd8fb8af962f014fe0bf1fb745864900095035a39da86040f8fe218863a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The 'magnetoelectric effect' arises from the coupling between magnetic and electric properties in materials. The Z2 invariant of topological insulators (TIs) leads to a quantized version of this phenomenon, known as the topological magnetoelectric (TME) effect. This effect can be realized in a new topological phase called an 'axion insulator' whose surface states are all gapped but the interior still obeys time reversal symmetry. We demonstrate such a phase using electrical transport measurements in a quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) sandwich heterostructure, in which two compositionally different","authors_text":"Chaoxing Liu, Cui-Zu Chang, Di Xiao, Fei Wang, Jae-Ho Shin, Jue Jiang, Moses H. W. Chan, Nitin Samarth, Weida Wu, Wenbo Wang, Yi-Fan Zhao","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-02T03:32:46Z","title":"Realization of the Axion Insulator State in Quantum Anomalous Hall Sandwich Heterostructures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.00471","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4c42cf57330a45d63eb5a33de7a0d31264df452e2324ab764576d7bb8ecfb362","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3feec886dd97167c51e454ed658ac994ccb5ca4fc9c795d1e85a029a49108dd0","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2017-10-02T03:32:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"062db11d8b83985a97735fe461638a6bbf21aa6b34c905371edda24788bad191"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.00471","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d38dc540c3295332fb58b861f176a679191da9ba5126a0d7a08d1099a222c0de","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d38dc540c3295332fb58b861f176a679191da9ba5126a0d7a08d1099a222c0de","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16.114194Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16.114194Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"94qyIuCQrE/W6m+Uy/c3rwijjO1OcVoTz6nNCfmgTK0FM/mXBFgH7bHEJ7s8a90wTio/5HBgRndJIpl9bb6BCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:16.114773Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.00471","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4c42cf57330a45d63eb5a33de7a0d31264df452e2324ab764576d7bb8ecfb362","sha256:4260abd8fb8af962f014fe0bf1fb745864900095035a39da86040f8fe218863a"],"state_sha256":"f0e8deec0f8c7b4e59ebd477f427a88dc57f6b9c1906db11986839bb7b7dd110"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rU/qAs9mySY305PaocDw1+ctZgByRmGDrd3KkkvEO2QogXvNf+dAdOvTxKlu+mTNL6DxaoE5E+2ui7bO2LTACg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:29:48.522218Z","bundle_sha256":"df1b8f07658cfc056c2a4a90a520f713cf81b696cb104e16fd7bbbe417df9622"}}