{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ","short_pith_number":"pith:2OZDSKAV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1502.05273","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-02-18T15:25:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8ecc6ac07818a860693e168b46879f4cf3ae2b1432307518a70ce0b440c8dbe5","abstract_canon_sha256":"f309bfea25abcb39cbf977b66640dd259a537345e151324c573806f772d1f0fe"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d3b23928151d7524fb7736a4b61a4d6e702906c8688db3a2a9206b54cd7cf44a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1502.05273","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1502.05273","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1502.05273v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1502.05273","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2OZDSKAVDV2S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2OZDSKAV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1502.05273","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-02-18T15:25:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8ecc6ac07818a860693e168b46879f4cf3ae2b1432307518a70ce0b440c8dbe5","abstract_canon_sha256":"f309bfea25abcb39cbf977b66640dd259a537345e151324c573806f772d1f0fe"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d3b23928151d7524fb7736a4b61a4d6e702906c8688db3a2a9206b54cd7cf44a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52.063193Z","signature_b64":"rIFakLX0xOEYP4p+cf6mepeqg4N1yxQNFeChIlhNSEFkUG7LyRWtlnqTdRnsQSgmGWi/bads1xDT2bN1Rn7sCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d3b23928151d7524fb7736a4b61a4d6e702906c8688db3a2a9206b54cd7cf44a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52.062822Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52.062822Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1502.05273","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y6jaS95OuCozwxKsJL9smI4R9lUNJhfKc3wvoEjuWOgSGCMXAJJjCtWCpIwzm5YPHNVpkk0ZoKCEdr7JQ49yDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T06:26:40.879097Z"},"content_sha256":"32bead263dfbf7ff7de070ccfa80528c27f39c3dd18569cf92f5b5a6243c3dd8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:32bead263dfbf7ff7de070ccfa80528c27f39c3dd18569cf92f5b5a6243c3dd8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How to Bootstrap Anonymous Communication","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Claudio Orlandi, Sune K. Jakobsen","submitted_at":"2015-02-18T15:25:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"We ask whether it is possible to anonymously communicate a large amount of data using only public (non-anonymous) communication together with a small anonymous channel. We think this is a central question in the theory of anonymous communication and to the best of our knowledge this is the first formal study in this direction. To solve this problem, we introduce the concept of anonymous steganography: think of a leaker Lea who wants to leak a large document to Joe the journalist. Using anonymous steganography Lea can embed this document in innocent looking communication on some popular website"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1502.05273","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sosZoaAeA9IMs3mhc3McMGiorA3D7xe77OuTYNF9VuJPxlhvwq+g6wxBHqYeZLUZLYGAxvMetwHG3Zk7T48RCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T06:26:40.879807Z"},"content_sha256":"a997dec8d927dd8f9193736a6c195b85681146f2db1a96b9a49ced7c21757046","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a997dec8d927dd8f9193736a6c195b85681146f2db1a96b9a49ced7c21757046"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T06:26:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63XG2SLMGSNNZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f309bfea25abcb39cbf977b66640dd259a537345e151324c573806f772d1f0fe","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-02-18T15:25:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ecc6ac07818a860693e168b46879f4cf3ae2b1432307518a70ce0b440c8dbe5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1502.05273","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1502.05273","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1502.05273v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1502.05273","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2OZDSKAVDV2S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2OZDSKAVDV2SJ63X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2OZDSKAV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a997dec8d927dd8f9193736a6c195b85681146f2db1a96b9a49ced7c21757046","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We ask whether it is possible to anonymously communicate a large amount of data using only public (non-anonymous) communication together with a small anonymous channel. We think this is a central question in the theory of anonymous communication and to the best of our knowledge this is the first formal study in this direction. To solve this problem, we introduce the concept of anonymous steganography: think of a leaker Lea who wants to leak a large document to Joe the journalist. Using anonymous steganography Lea can embed this document in innocent looking communication on some popular website","authors_text":"Claudio Orlandi, Sune K. Jakobsen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-02-18T15:25:12Z","title":"How to Bootstrap Anonymous Communication"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1502.05273","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:32bead263dfbf7ff7de070ccfa80528c27f39c3dd18569cf92f5b5a6243c3dd8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f309bfea25abcb39cbf977b66640dd259a537345e151324c573806f772d1f0fe","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-02-18T15:25:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ecc6ac07818a860693e168b46879f4cf3ae2b1432307518a70ce0b440c8dbe5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1502.05273","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d3b23928151d7524fb7736a4b61a4d6e702906c8688db3a2a9206b54cd7cf44a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d3b23928151d7524fb7736a4b61a4d6e702906c8688db3a2a9206b54cd7cf44a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52.062822Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52.062822Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"rIFakLX0xOEYP4p+cf6mepeqg4N1yxQNFeChIlhNSEFkUG7LyRWtlnqTdRnsQSgmGWi/bads1xDT2bN1Rn7sCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:26:52.063193Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1502.05273","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:32bead263dfbf7ff7de070ccfa80528c27f39c3dd18569cf92f5b5a6243c3dd8","sha256:a997dec8d927dd8f9193736a6c195b85681146f2db1a96b9a49ced7c21757046"],"state_sha256":"647689c4fd6807bd81e67c86462319a4e6138c42c4aa7aedd9c4614ce08f52ee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EUgUvHHTupgfZ6XjgzVuMunRmR+QphjkocCPkpmFSpIgndSUgRo9XDxuWguPlVEpKEPbUZNWFexduncfxfLuDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T06:26:40.884211Z","bundle_sha256":"dd044f50d95127eb2291fafb9dbdb42269690296b2c9b2bec2170ce3a9bceeef"}}