{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2001:2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK","short_pith_number":"pith:2QKS326N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0111002","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-10-31T21:10:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"183ce811c6ec7bc74b131848a22700a81954131b4d3647d8ae83ffef477b3e42","abstract_canon_sha256":"78a145c9daee11a9d1748508cb4bf2bb78de9779c5a2a04671e7ddd97ce6d64d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d4152debcdea6af06bea02f1a97fd692aa98751e23ffca649c61764fd852b2f6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0111002","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0111002","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0111002v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0111002","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2QKS326N5JVP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2QKS326N5JVPA27K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2QKS326N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2001:2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0111002","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-10-31T21:10:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"183ce811c6ec7bc74b131848a22700a81954131b4d3647d8ae83ffef477b3e42","abstract_canon_sha256":"78a145c9daee11a9d1748508cb4bf2bb78de9779c5a2a04671e7ddd97ce6d64d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d4152debcdea6af06bea02f1a97fd692aa98751e23ffca649c61764fd852b2f6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35.858234Z","signature_b64":"w8oA9D/80ZC46oGb1t/jLafcf+SmIWswg3crVQJldfp98MD7oOmzx3pM6XOcBFWCnVTZj/I8OxRRyzGDsm2QDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d4152debcdea6af06bea02f1a97fd692aa98751e23ffca649c61764fd852b2f6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35.857626Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35.857626Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0111002","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yrPH7atGKbAZ+hc5EvoK6YmQar7bbhqiEK0ONiAFjn65fWp8ZD4MjxRWjHZZCRs9ALw0gS1YFHKt+JGOiWiIAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T02:16:04.403996Z"},"content_sha256":"3a65e4c8903a05c356c3f88e6a0fdb328000ba56de4796a99d20a6be57ffab16","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3a65e4c8903a05c356c3f88e6a0fdb328000ba56de4796a99d20a6be57ffab16"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2001:2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Metallicity of the Redshift 4.16 Quasar BR2248-1242","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Anca Constantin, Craig B. Foltz, Craig Warner, & Frederic H. Chaffee, Fred Hamann, Joseph C. Shields","submitted_at":"2001-10-31T21:10:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"We estimate the metallicity in the broad emission-line region of the redshift z=4.16 quasar, BR2248-1242, by comparing line ratios involving nitrogen to theoretical predictions. BR2248-1242 has unusually narrow emission lines with large equivalent widths, thus providing a rare opportunity to measure several line-ratio abundance diagnostics. The combined diagnostics indicate a metallicity of ~2 times solar. This result suggests that an episode of vigorous star formation occurred near BR2248-1242 prior to the observed z=4.16 epoch. The time available for this enrichment episode is only ~1.5 Gyr "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0111002","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"emghPiHWcu5mM/K+vfeykWNKASBgvHGiqzq5+95JsVGQHVoFCqOA7uy1g80HIMVg+If2z2XOVH8jXgLm0hwtDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T02:16:04.404440Z"},"content_sha256":"b35aac7a7306608751001ffbd15e8b4b30e45c7066ea74b310227b71dc49e19a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b35aac7a7306608751001ffbd15e8b4b30e45c7066ea74b310227b71dc49e19a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T02:16:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2001:2QKS326N5JVPA27KALY2S76WSK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"78a145c9daee11a9d1748508cb4bf2bb78de9779c5a2a04671e7ddd97ce6d64d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-10-31T21:10:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"183ce811c6ec7bc74b131848a22700a81954131b4d3647d8ae83ffef477b3e42"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0111002","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0111002","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0111002v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0111002","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2QKS326N5JVP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2QKS326N5JVPA27K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2QKS326N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b35aac7a7306608751001ffbd15e8b4b30e45c7066ea74b310227b71dc49e19a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We estimate the metallicity in the broad emission-line region of the redshift z=4.16 quasar, BR2248-1242, by comparing line ratios involving nitrogen to theoretical predictions. BR2248-1242 has unusually narrow emission lines with large equivalent widths, thus providing a rare opportunity to measure several line-ratio abundance diagnostics. The combined diagnostics indicate a metallicity of ~2 times solar. This result suggests that an episode of vigorous star formation occurred near BR2248-1242 prior to the observed z=4.16 epoch. The time available for this enrichment episode is only ~1.5 Gyr ","authors_text":"Anca Constantin, Craig B. Foltz, Craig Warner, & Frederic H. Chaffee, Fred Hamann, Joseph C. Shields","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-10-31T21:10:43Z","title":"The Metallicity of the Redshift 4.16 Quasar BR2248-1242"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0111002","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3a65e4c8903a05c356c3f88e6a0fdb328000ba56de4796a99d20a6be57ffab16","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"78a145c9daee11a9d1748508cb4bf2bb78de9779c5a2a04671e7ddd97ce6d64d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2001-10-31T21:10:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"183ce811c6ec7bc74b131848a22700a81954131b4d3647d8ae83ffef477b3e42"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0111002","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"d4152debcdea6af06bea02f1a97fd692aa98751e23ffca649c61764fd852b2f6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d4152debcdea6af06bea02f1a97fd692aa98751e23ffca649c61764fd852b2f6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35.857626Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35.857626Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"w8oA9D/80ZC46oGb1t/jLafcf+SmIWswg3crVQJldfp98MD7oOmzx3pM6XOcBFWCnVTZj/I8OxRRyzGDsm2QDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:35.858234Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0111002","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3a65e4c8903a05c356c3f88e6a0fdb328000ba56de4796a99d20a6be57ffab16","sha256:b35aac7a7306608751001ffbd15e8b4b30e45c7066ea74b310227b71dc49e19a"],"state_sha256":"ef57f8be4dad1850e70d2f97cc862108f1dce61150ec51d29e3ea4cca0c98848"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zGVSDzSrfSi2SnMEQLCAyuwzllVsOUnY1TbV5QHz4xdz3bZSK3Yk1fWIIAC99Na10FCteKH+6ukmqfzUbtYrBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T02:16:04.406776Z","bundle_sha256":"4633a774b82fb08cc47f1fa4ca5d76a4f0a04e93e153c6102c493e2d2360f942"}}