{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG","short_pith_number":"pith:2QWDA2CC","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"d42c306842747f0519a6bf19be7452a19de35f9da632d4533f6b8d9d45c9ad06","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.4881","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Non-equilibrium thermodynamics of gravitational screens","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Laurent Freidel, Yuki Yokokura","submitted_at":"2014-05-19T20:22:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the Einstein gravity equations projected on a timelike surface, which represents the time evolution of what we call a gravitational screen. We show that such a screen behaves like a viscous bubble with a surface tension and an internal energy, and that the Einstein equations take the same forms as non-equilibrium thermodynamic equations for a viscous bubble. We provide a consistent dictionary between gravitational and thermodynamical variables. In the non-viscous cases there are three thermodynamic equations which characterize a bubble dynamics: These are the first law, the Marangoni "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.4881","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2014-05-19T20:22:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"8c2f71b238ba8023f0e8696d239927132065e9fb7f3904ce5e8d0df2575aa17e","abstract_canon_sha256":"0dc55e745e55e7b9520f5ff3f7e7bac6fa38db5d6fe178c5bcaa5bfb5d64b2c7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.903189Z","signature_b64":"7xoQ7VqJC74/QX+AP7hXV5I8Ly5NVs3C4PPPUQQzkVpv0otjH0l01UhMhgSr2j1boIEqxBmjqPojcHeFFYtQCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d42c306842747f0519a6bf19be7452a19de35f9da632d4533f6b8d9d45c9ad06","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902519Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902519Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Non-equilibrium thermodynamics of gravitational screens","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Laurent Freidel, Yuki Yokokura","submitted_at":"2014-05-19T20:22:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the Einstein gravity equations projected on a timelike surface, which represents the time evolution of what we call a gravitational screen. We show that such a screen behaves like a viscous bubble with a surface tension and an internal energy, and that the Einstein equations take the same forms as non-equilibrium thermodynamic equations for a viscous bubble. We provide a consistent dictionary between gravitational and thermodynamical variables. In the non-viscous cases there are three thermodynamic equations which characterize a bubble dynamics: These are the first law, the Marangoni "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.4881","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.4881","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902629+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.4881v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902629+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.4881","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902629+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2QWDA2CCOR7Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2QWDA2CC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG","json":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2QWDA2CC"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2QWDA2CC","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1405.4881&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/2QWDA2CCOR7QKGNGX4M345CSUG/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902629+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:31:03.902629+00:00"}