{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2026:2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6","short_pith_number":"pith:2QY3GJFD","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"d431b324a356b52e42c0ec5f32415077affbc92f55a8a26bcb62d1c6beb794f2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.27239","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Temporal Simultaneity Predicts Annotation Quality in Sentiment Corpora","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Botshelo Kondowe, Hareaipha Nkopo Letsoalo, Idris Abdulmumin, Letlhogonolo Mohleleng, Mokgadi Penelope Matloga, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Tadesse Destaw Belay, Vukosi Marivate","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T16:21:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Annotation quality is difficult to sustain when campaigns span weeks or months with small annotator pools. We present a Setswana sentiment dataset of 3,565 tweets annotated by three native-speaker annotators across eight batches and examine why inter-annotator agreement (IAA) declines over time. Despite an aggregate Randolph's free-marginal Kappa of $\\kappa = 0.76$, \"excellent,\" per-batch $\\kappa$ falls by more than 32 points across the annotation task. Through six targeted analyses, we find that (i) label confusion concentrates on the negative/neutral boundary, (ii) two annotators show run-le"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.27239","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T16:21:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3b3dae7fcdba1ed10facb92f6231dae506a5fc9ea947d65baa48464c9f05e17","abstract_canon_sha256":"18799c405a4b7dfedd9715ae0cf3a03739105250ded67e31edebcf281fcf75b3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196748Z","signature_b64":"yOpzW+353+GGD7nvSPExiVpL2l013LpWqEXm/ixS2oQGKJi0X9XXiaDVaIruZ1Lqfn4nidJ9QlVFYrrxgueuAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d431b324a356b52e42c0ec5f32415077affbc92f55a8a26bcb62d1c6beb794f2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196151Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196151Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Temporal Simultaneity Predicts Annotation Quality in Sentiment Corpora","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Botshelo Kondowe, Hareaipha Nkopo Letsoalo, Idris Abdulmumin, Letlhogonolo Mohleleng, Mokgadi Penelope Matloga, Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad, Tadesse Destaw Belay, Vukosi Marivate","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T16:21:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Annotation quality is difficult to sustain when campaigns span weeks or months with small annotator pools. We present a Setswana sentiment dataset of 3,565 tweets annotated by three native-speaker annotators across eight batches and examine why inter-annotator agreement (IAA) declines over time. Despite an aggregate Randolph's free-marginal Kappa of $\\kappa = 0.76$, \"excellent,\" per-batch $\\kappa$ falls by more than 32 points across the annotation task. Through six targeted analyses, we find that (i) label confusion concentrates on the negative/neutral boundary, (ii) two annotators show run-le"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.27239","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.27239/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.27239","created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.27239v1","created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.27239","created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2QY3GJFDK22S","created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA","created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2QY3GJFD","created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6","json":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2QY3GJFD"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2QY3GJFD","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2605.27239&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/2QY3GJFDK22S4QWA5RPTEQKQO6/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-27T02:06:07.196240+00:00"}