{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA","short_pith_number":"pith:2TKP5L6C","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0207072","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2002-07-12T06:16:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b0ba7096bced7701ded8c61a1a9f5f398df6e87cefbf1f55e024592db119066a","abstract_canon_sha256":"0646177d53125652c888a83141474aa98b82f5d5ed2b1f2a844570563e6353dc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d4d4feafc28d44dadd63442339fb9108330102172a9ce56b30d7e2ae556a9d09","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"quant-ph/0207072","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"quant-ph/0207072","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"quant-ph/0207072v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0207072","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2TKP5L6CRVCN","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLD","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2TKP5L6C","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0207072","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2002-07-12T06:16:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b0ba7096bced7701ded8c61a1a9f5f398df6e87cefbf1f55e024592db119066a","abstract_canon_sha256":"0646177d53125652c888a83141474aa98b82f5d5ed2b1f2a844570563e6353dc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d4d4feafc28d44dadd63442339fb9108330102172a9ce56b30d7e2ae556a9d09","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07.175180Z","signature_b64":"CFb5sfPcueqvg7E86nT6vuBgQkcYApYtf3FP/YFfS5t6ErcWCUslo6NT8Xh4zGRobf3k8ZV6RS9gqLWerH1MDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d4d4feafc28d44dadd63442339fb9108330102172a9ce56b30d7e2ae556a9d09","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07.174812Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07.174812Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"quant-ph/0207072","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NCulyJeS7JrUdsy54skRoi0jOEZoOoxmDUqXW3RX2b0+5Hm1h8lkPcf6ggJkhPFicZS+kgukvYIpUSE1ZMmQBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T09:29:22.081275Z"},"content_sha256":"4b34e4889bca08903f9dc44ba234fca727187e1ea0900b8ccf3c0c2f11e6d27b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4b34e4889bca08903f9dc44ba234fca727187e1ea0900b8ccf3c0c2f11e6d27b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A practical scheme for quantum computation with any two-qubit entangling gate","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Alexei Gilchrist, Aram W. Harrow, Christopher M. Dawson, Duncan Mortimer, Jennifer L. Dodd, Michael A. Nielsen, Michael J. Bremner, Tobias J. Osborne","submitted_at":"2002-07-12T06:16:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Which gates are universal for quantum computation? Although it is well known that certain gates on two-level quantum systems (qubits), such as the controlled-not (CNOT), are universal when assisted by arbitrary one-qubit gates, it has only recently become clear precisely what class of two-qubit gates is universal in this sense. Here we present an elementary proof that any entangling two-qubit gate is universal for quantum computation, when assisted by one-qubit gates. A proof of this important result for systems of arbitrary finite dimension has been provided by J. L. and R. Brylinski [arXiv:q"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0207072","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/quant-ph/0207072/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RDHBZrAu/YLWTMMmXufxCsrlb+m6GlVW9VuF/6CNEh+5EyUsUQyuk0RUBIcIt9gFgmJqoq65Mxv+fKHYjR98CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T09:29:22.081803Z"},"content_sha256":"81560eb7948505ac2c8138b1b4cea5dbf5be4756b06732beaa6f0078f386d001","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:81560eb7948505ac2c8138b1b4cea5dbf5be4756b06732beaa6f0078f386d001"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T09:29:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLDIQRTT64RBA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0646177d53125652c888a83141474aa98b82f5d5ed2b1f2a844570563e6353dc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2002-07-12T06:16:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"b0ba7096bced7701ded8c61a1a9f5f398df6e87cefbf1f55e024592db119066a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"quant-ph/0207072","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"quant-ph/0207072","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"quant-ph/0207072v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0207072","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2TKP5L6CRVCN","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2TKP5L6CRVCNVXLD","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2TKP5L6C","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:81560eb7948505ac2c8138b1b4cea5dbf5be4756b06732beaa6f0078f386d001","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/quant-ph/0207072/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Which gates are universal for quantum computation? Although it is well known that certain gates on two-level quantum systems (qubits), such as the controlled-not (CNOT), are universal when assisted by arbitrary one-qubit gates, it has only recently become clear precisely what class of two-qubit gates is universal in this sense. Here we present an elementary proof that any entangling two-qubit gate is universal for quantum computation, when assisted by one-qubit gates. A proof of this important result for systems of arbitrary finite dimension has been provided by J. L. and R. Brylinski [arXiv:q","authors_text":"Alexei Gilchrist, Aram W. Harrow, Christopher M. Dawson, Duncan Mortimer, Jennifer L. Dodd, Michael A. Nielsen, Michael J. Bremner, Tobias J. Osborne","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2002-07-12T06:16:21Z","title":"A practical scheme for quantum computation with any two-qubit entangling gate"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"quant-ph/0207072","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4b34e4889bca08903f9dc44ba234fca727187e1ea0900b8ccf3c0c2f11e6d27b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0646177d53125652c888a83141474aa98b82f5d5ed2b1f2a844570563e6353dc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2002-07-12T06:16:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"b0ba7096bced7701ded8c61a1a9f5f398df6e87cefbf1f55e024592db119066a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"quant-ph/0207072","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d4d4feafc28d44dadd63442339fb9108330102172a9ce56b30d7e2ae556a9d09","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d4d4feafc28d44dadd63442339fb9108330102172a9ce56b30d7e2ae556a9d09","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07.174812Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07.174812Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CFb5sfPcueqvg7E86nT6vuBgQkcYApYtf3FP/YFfS5t6ErcWCUslo6NT8Xh4zGRobf3k8ZV6RS9gqLWerH1MDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:36:07.175180Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"quant-ph/0207072","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4b34e4889bca08903f9dc44ba234fca727187e1ea0900b8ccf3c0c2f11e6d27b","sha256:81560eb7948505ac2c8138b1b4cea5dbf5be4756b06732beaa6f0078f386d001"],"state_sha256":"818c9cdd3924755fdf205337cc787b0f943fa896b471bcde6c6e9410bdccfe52"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nnMYKHl49SNMjwPRFxOdMMrqghV8C8ULZsYJWvnAVGaEO6rU8LBP9/Z5aX9kzqN7EPPYtJz6C217EeAom2iVAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T09:29:22.085602Z","bundle_sha256":"0c10ca844ac8bdd600d361c43d731e2b70503b768dd2a19fb9b984e36a1db30b"}}