{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS","short_pith_number":"pith:2VD3QLIM","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2203.00162","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-02-19T09:56:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"85842f742e6d1e72e8cc1fc0f2f5b3756eec4c54b01e1c2090ceb516e8235e2f","abstract_canon_sha256":"6c82d87ec02410ef27b417ec41399614f2a7ca2b89f05a7ba15dfb3619254002"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d547b82d0c61cee8c15595272f3f084cbd416fe1e51ef8c3a713c58575824cc1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2203.00162","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2203.00162","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2203.00162v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2203.00162","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2VD3QLIMMHHO","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2VD3QLIMMHHORQKV","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2VD3QLIM","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2203.00162","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-02-19T09:56:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"85842f742e6d1e72e8cc1fc0f2f5b3756eec4c54b01e1c2090ceb516e8235e2f","abstract_canon_sha256":"6c82d87ec02410ef27b417ec41399614f2a7ca2b89f05a7ba15dfb3619254002"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d547b82d0c61cee8c15595272f3f084cbd416fe1e51ef8c3a713c58575824cc1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02.268846Z","signature_b64":"i0BuZHBIUauixnBzvY8bldH4IeYDdL1iZqHRwLXHROUgUXFXexjEb8pKCs+24lageBz7xMSszUPbR+k1wmdWBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d547b82d0c61cee8c15595272f3f084cbd416fe1e51ef8c3a713c58575824cc1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02.268425Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02.268425Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2203.00162","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AeV2areddLHCc/R1pS7r53GhafFXwVY50MJv01C78EiiC1PcHFxm5PhDcbpgmytn3oOaV2jBHaxiRJ0V+IHpCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T02:33:52.079605Z"},"content_sha256":"0a9d88cbc6b931439f23fee37b8449087545dd084fa9a069c6679595047a228f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0a9d88cbc6b931439f23fee37b8449087545dd084fa9a069c6679595047a228f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Do Transformers know symbolic rules, and would we know if they did?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"N. Asokan, Tommi Gr\\\"ondahl, Yujia Guo","submitted_at":"2022-02-19T09:56:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"To improve the explainability of leading Transformer networks used in NLP, it is important to tease apart genuine symbolic rules from merely associative input-output patterns. However, we identify several inconsistencies in how ``symbolicity'' has been construed in recent NLP literature. To mitigate this problem, we propose two criteria to be the most relevant, one pertaining to a system's internal architecture and the other to the dissociation between abstract rules and specific input identities. From this perspective, we critically examine prior work on the symbolic capacities of Transformer"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2203.00162","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2203.00162/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DiVJDoBlAPjrN2c7pIosV0lDg1Y1//B6oJ9XtBNAiApZXCkNzzE/KpuX3TgM2tIUuIIVZBQe1CQY3qIBJw1mBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T02:33:52.080562Z"},"content_sha256":"f972908955dfd235ba781d94f88c2a8aabed76f6235094f0650250f8e29a2120","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f972908955dfd235ba781d94f88c2a8aabed76f6235094f0650250f8e29a2120"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T02:33:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:2VD3QLIMMHHORQKVSUTS6PYIJS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6c82d87ec02410ef27b417ec41399614f2a7ca2b89f05a7ba15dfb3619254002","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-02-19T09:56:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"85842f742e6d1e72e8cc1fc0f2f5b3756eec4c54b01e1c2090ceb516e8235e2f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2203.00162","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2203.00162","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2203.00162v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2203.00162","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2VD3QLIMMHHO","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2VD3QLIMMHHORQKV","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2VD3QLIM","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f972908955dfd235ba781d94f88c2a8aabed76f6235094f0650250f8e29a2120","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2203.00162/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"To improve the explainability of leading Transformer networks used in NLP, it is important to tease apart genuine symbolic rules from merely associative input-output patterns. However, we identify several inconsistencies in how ``symbolicity'' has been construed in recent NLP literature. To mitigate this problem, we propose two criteria to be the most relevant, one pertaining to a system's internal architecture and the other to the dissociation between abstract rules and specific input identities. From this perspective, we critically examine prior work on the symbolic capacities of Transformer","authors_text":"N. Asokan, Tommi Gr\\\"ondahl, Yujia Guo","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-02-19T09:56:38Z","title":"Do Transformers know symbolic rules, and would we know if they did?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2203.00162","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0a9d88cbc6b931439f23fee37b8449087545dd084fa9a069c6679595047a228f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6c82d87ec02410ef27b417ec41399614f2a7ca2b89f05a7ba15dfb3619254002","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-02-19T09:56:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"85842f742e6d1e72e8cc1fc0f2f5b3756eec4c54b01e1c2090ceb516e8235e2f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2203.00162","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"d547b82d0c61cee8c15595272f3f084cbd416fe1e51ef8c3a713c58575824cc1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d547b82d0c61cee8c15595272f3f084cbd416fe1e51ef8c3a713c58575824cc1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02.268425Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02.268425Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"i0BuZHBIUauixnBzvY8bldH4IeYDdL1iZqHRwLXHROUgUXFXexjEb8pKCs+24lageBz7xMSszUPbR+k1wmdWBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:47:02.268846Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2203.00162","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0a9d88cbc6b931439f23fee37b8449087545dd084fa9a069c6679595047a228f","sha256:f972908955dfd235ba781d94f88c2a8aabed76f6235094f0650250f8e29a2120"],"state_sha256":"105e073a8ae77fd9dcc0eb9be4d8274a6a4528f5bcff319c6f94f0c1668c065e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p1GzI48OX6Y7NbGoAxje/cJy7qSuVmS+Pfh0lhu5RxE6551BG70kOtscV0tAzu3jLegwvXdY4HoIdl0WSEZKBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T02:33:52.088770Z","bundle_sha256":"89c9b7408ba78dd8bb5d3300431d817c4c2c1ff086e039dcbee2582d956d823b"}}