{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C","short_pith_number":"pith:2VXADFCM","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"d56e01944cc85b5c9bdcaa79d3ae60e088fc59c0a7b01a70687ee922b7c8c66a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1412.4718","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"How does public opinion become extreme?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SI"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Celia Anteneodo, Hern\\'an A. Makse, Jia Shao, Jos\\'e S. Andrade Jr, Marlon Ramos, Saulo D. S. Reis, Shlomo Havlin","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T18:47:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the emergence of extreme opinion trends in society by employing statistical physics modeling and analysis on polls that inquire about a wide range of issues such as religion, economics, politics, abortion, extramarital sex, books, movies, and electoral vote. The surveys lay out a clear indicator of the rise of extreme views. The precursor is a nonlinear relation between the fraction of individuals holding a certain extreme view and the fraction of individuals that includes also moderates, e.g., in politics, those who are \"very conservative\" versus \"moderate to very conservative\""},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.4718","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T18:47:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"1fddc389248d3b0268651737f1ccb8ade17ba12a72f7be13ea16c25e6def621d","abstract_canon_sha256":"cd7f8793e42c7b8c72faacd64b3c2c5927784f8ac08df499783ee451176fde7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.102010Z","signature_b64":"HS96IkxVq8nSaHt2IwlalxdALmvVn8Z4+PoIAMEU1LxHncvqaXTh7bHM79eR/TceLW2Y5V4I/l4NS06ORVd2DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d56e01944cc85b5c9bdcaa79d3ae60e088fc59c0a7b01a70687ee922b7c8c66a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101104Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101104Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How does public opinion become extreme?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SI"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Celia Anteneodo, Hern\\'an A. Makse, Jia Shao, Jos\\'e S. Andrade Jr, Marlon Ramos, Saulo D. S. Reis, Shlomo Havlin","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T18:47:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the emergence of extreme opinion trends in society by employing statistical physics modeling and analysis on polls that inquire about a wide range of issues such as religion, economics, politics, abortion, extramarital sex, books, movies, and electoral vote. The surveys lay out a clear indicator of the rise of extreme views. The precursor is a nonlinear relation between the fraction of individuals holding a certain extreme view and the fraction of individuals that includes also moderates, e.g., in politics, those who are \"very conservative\" versus \"moderate to very conservative\""},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.4718","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.4718","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101256+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.4718v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101256+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.4718","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101256+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2VXADFCMZBNV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2VXADFCMZBNVZG64","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2VXADFCM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C","json":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2VXADFCM"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2VXADFCM","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1412.4718&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/2VXADFCMZBNVZG64VJ45HLTA4C/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101256+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:55.101256+00:00"}