{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2016:2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2","short_pith_number":"pith:2W7QKRDM","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"d5bf05446c11f62aca6736f1a4f212368d9a622cf37bdee8262a807e3a803802","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1612.05822","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Large-Area Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector with Double-Stage Avalanche Structure","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","authors_text":"Hong X. Tang, Linran Fan, Menno Poot, Risheng Cheng, Xiang Guo","submitted_at":"2016-12-17T20:52:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a novel design of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs), which combines the advantages of multi-stage avalanche SNAPs to lower the avalanche current I_AV and that of series-SNAPs to reduce the reset time. As proof of principle, we fabricated 800 devices with large detection area (15 um * 15 um) and five different designs on a single silicon chip for comparison, which include standard SNSPDs, series-3-SNAPs and our modified series-SNAPs with double-stage avalanche structure 2*2-SNAPs, 2*3-SNAPs, and 3*3-SNAPs. The former three types of the detectors demonstrate fu"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.05822","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2016-12-17T20:52:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"20853cbdf00216ca9fa6d5d14d59fe3eb7b3e247f59d4c4a633f52b5a4d028e6","abstract_canon_sha256":"56dae0e1afc860ef529294affb72c8d0ab1cd0e1c85c22d6444476a1f4a80eaf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566797Z","signature_b64":"BI5BNpMGJX3Zir5cEtjdu0UTMAkVcXrlKbKYnlDypOg3KhXQU3IUdq5XxtRqwudTCku9eW6vY9nCwG4M/06tBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d5bf05446c11f62aca6736f1a4f212368d9a622cf37bdee8262a807e3a803802","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566183Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566183Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large-Area Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector with Double-Stage Avalanche Structure","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","authors_text":"Hong X. Tang, Linran Fan, Menno Poot, Risheng Cheng, Xiang Guo","submitted_at":"2016-12-17T20:52:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a novel design of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs), which combines the advantages of multi-stage avalanche SNAPs to lower the avalanche current I_AV and that of series-SNAPs to reduce the reset time. As proof of principle, we fabricated 800 devices with large detection area (15 um * 15 um) and five different designs on a single silicon chip for comparison, which include standard SNSPDs, series-3-SNAPs and our modified series-SNAPs with double-stage avalanche structure 2*2-SNAPs, 2*3-SNAPs, and 3*3-SNAPs. The former three types of the detectors demonstrate fu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.05822","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.05822","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566273+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.05822v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566273+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.05822","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566273+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"2W7QKRDMCH3C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55.572404+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55.572404+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"2W7QKRDM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55.572404+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2","json":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2W7QKRDM"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/2W7QKRDM","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1612.05822&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/2W7QKRDMCH3CVSTHG3Y2J4QSG2/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566273+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:46.566273+00:00"}