{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M","short_pith_number":"pith:32NBN44Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.03330","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-07T18:00:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bd8ad77904a62a3afe764675462b3dd3628b3d3179bc62dd1ee6890fe3000a04","abstract_canon_sha256":"5cd45dd45e978c390c549b48566971b92431adec15e5a708ae56b34a493996b1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"de9a16f3989af7f38002bbb2a06ad2d31313c2d829614f1c827c292ded7c00a1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2104.03330","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.03330","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.03330v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.03330","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"32NBN44YTL37","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"32NBN44YTL37HAAC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"32NBN44Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.03330","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-07T18:00:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bd8ad77904a62a3afe764675462b3dd3628b3d3179bc62dd1ee6890fe3000a04","abstract_canon_sha256":"5cd45dd45e978c390c549b48566971b92431adec15e5a708ae56b34a493996b1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"de9a16f3989af7f38002bbb2a06ad2d31313c2d829614f1c827c292ded7c00a1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48.226184Z","signature_b64":"GM5/fMbemEF1vayYCekm4zhezU2CBrxvO5PZWWvfm+JwnRBurjA96rnJbe2ZlIXy+QqR2ddYNvfUdfEVD6TIBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"de9a16f3989af7f38002bbb2a06ad2d31313c2d829614f1c827c292ded7c00a1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48.225474Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48.225474Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2104.03330","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XrvB+3hlOHyD+mBsWKnPjg9fggGtvREm2UUbCBLJWz1zlO2bNZJYKT7EycnFdOgC2deSiWak4NmhnBOC2BnqAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T14:32:28.332449Z"},"content_sha256":"60f1f78fed1d55f2758687fec4c56d290fa3103bb1a6f50554eb5b31aed8d7fc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60f1f78fed1d55f2758687fec4c56d290fa3103bb1a6f50554eb5b31aed8d7fc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gauge-Invariant Tensor Perturbations Induced from Baryon-CDM Relative Velocity and the B-mode Polarization of the CMB","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Donghui Jeong, Hyerim Noh, Jai-chan Hwang, James Gurian","submitted_at":"2021-04-07T18:00:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"At second-order, scalar perturbations can source traceless and transverse perturbations to the metric, called induced gravitational waves (IGW). The apparent gauge-dependence of the IGW obscures the interpretation of the stochastic gravitational-wave signal. To elucidate the gauge dependence, we study the IGW from manifestly gauge-invariant scalar perturbations, namely, the relative velocity between the baryon and cold dark matter. From this relative velocity perturbation, we compute the dimensionless gravitational wave power spectrum and the corresponding expected angular power spectrum of th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.03330","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.03330/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PcwiwJPXQlsYNg4krgXm476ZWhYe9CiMwykzKHo72r/PPAGJEgcipVhwwGsSSoSHiTzeNV5GiSCtuy6fefF5Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T14:32:28.332822Z"},"content_sha256":"260adc3b2ef1d7d62da81759ab921656d445a312488b88a1520c2f42a8007ab7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:260adc3b2ef1d7d62da81759ab921656d445a312488b88a1520c2f42a8007ab7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-17T14:32:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:32NBN44YTL37HAACXOZKA2WS2M","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5cd45dd45e978c390c549b48566971b92431adec15e5a708ae56b34a493996b1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-07T18:00:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"bd8ad77904a62a3afe764675462b3dd3628b3d3179bc62dd1ee6890fe3000a04"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.03330","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.03330","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.03330v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.03330","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"32NBN44YTL37","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"32NBN44YTL37HAAC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"32NBN44Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:260adc3b2ef1d7d62da81759ab921656d445a312488b88a1520c2f42a8007ab7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2104.03330/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"At second-order, scalar perturbations can source traceless and transverse perturbations to the metric, called induced gravitational waves (IGW). The apparent gauge-dependence of the IGW obscures the interpretation of the stochastic gravitational-wave signal. To elucidate the gauge dependence, we study the IGW from manifestly gauge-invariant scalar perturbations, namely, the relative velocity between the baryon and cold dark matter. From this relative velocity perturbation, we compute the dimensionless gravitational wave power spectrum and the corresponding expected angular power spectrum of th","authors_text":"Donghui Jeong, Hyerim Noh, Jai-chan Hwang, James Gurian","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-07T18:00:09Z","title":"Gauge-Invariant Tensor Perturbations Induced from Baryon-CDM Relative Velocity and the B-mode Polarization of the CMB"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.03330","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:60f1f78fed1d55f2758687fec4c56d290fa3103bb1a6f50554eb5b31aed8d7fc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5cd45dd45e978c390c549b48566971b92431adec15e5a708ae56b34a493996b1","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-04-07T18:00:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"bd8ad77904a62a3afe764675462b3dd3628b3d3179bc62dd1ee6890fe3000a04"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.03330","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"de9a16f3989af7f38002bbb2a06ad2d31313c2d829614f1c827c292ded7c00a1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"de9a16f3989af7f38002bbb2a06ad2d31313c2d829614f1c827c292ded7c00a1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48.225474Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48.225474Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GM5/fMbemEF1vayYCekm4zhezU2CBrxvO5PZWWvfm+JwnRBurjA96rnJbe2ZlIXy+QqR2ddYNvfUdfEVD6TIBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:29:48.226184Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2104.03330","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:60f1f78fed1d55f2758687fec4c56d290fa3103bb1a6f50554eb5b31aed8d7fc","sha256:260adc3b2ef1d7d62da81759ab921656d445a312488b88a1520c2f42a8007ab7"],"state_sha256":"73be7e2003a68f8e65f4ba747f204a642cdca7f7e33ebf12ab6d2e53b0d13c29"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zu4QDzg7feIJscrGi7uFjq2hvynBLtKcVlcho8f/DrIoHQm/rD9orrLFi4uyxbZhf+k033siGDonN5rHAPfaCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-17T14:32:28.334935Z","bundle_sha256":"9d5a9c33863e4e2e55344c02c086dca8579de049d5c5b502030a69f680790251"}}