{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG","short_pith_number":"pith:34UNMSIC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.07086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T22:08:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3e74a3636bd6fd86657e20ef16c23aca0dfbca3075e32076fc21e6c96f8da53a","abstract_canon_sha256":"8789382282a0143e899203e93c69b99384e02ff60663c9650c46e2a728889f61"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df28d64902865cbc40828ae1dacebb81b90ad0cb5a20ddf882e7fd35d196a156","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.07086","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.07086","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.07086v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.07086","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"34UNMSICQZOL","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"34UNMSICQZOLYQEC","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"34UNMSIC","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.07086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T22:08:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3e74a3636bd6fd86657e20ef16c23aca0dfbca3075e32076fc21e6c96f8da53a","abstract_canon_sha256":"8789382282a0143e899203e93c69b99384e02ff60663c9650c46e2a728889f61"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df28d64902865cbc40828ae1dacebb81b90ad0cb5a20ddf882e7fd35d196a156","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30.679857Z","signature_b64":"4IwASuYc+cTRZfJgUBBdAvmlAK2LSHwQZci3KFgQBqBDYbLXnBJ+dCmvV2jGMNO+iEPlNZtsfbrxhH0uv0xJAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"df28d64902865cbc40828ae1dacebb81b90ad0cb5a20ddf882e7fd35d196a156","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30.679460Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30.679460Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.07086","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Lw6PKEO5gFivQ2k9t98Ya9v4+d/QiR2Dl0kasKGW1V/f+w0+ZFiyh7pw6pwTGHJxW2YUOmdZ6FFu6danQwgaDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T16:57:39.716087Z"},"content_sha256":"b27cb459dea6969af430939d43c2bc07b9b66aa87a952abe8d0676d5db69b182","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b27cb459dea6969af430939d43c2bc07b9b66aa87a952abe8d0676d5db69b182"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Human uncertainty makes classification more robust","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Joshua C. Peterson, Olga Russakovsky, Ruairidh M. Battleday, Thomas L. Griffiths","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T22:08:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"The classification performance of deep neural networks has begun to asymptote at near-perfect levels. However, their ability to generalize outside the training set and their robustness to adversarial attacks have not. In this paper, we make progress on this problem by training with full label distributions that reflect human perceptual uncertainty. We first present a new benchmark dataset which we call CIFAR10H, containing a full distribution of human labels for each image of the CIFAR10 test set. We then show that, while contemporary classifiers fail to exhibit human-like uncertainty on their"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.07086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.07086/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fkgLzbPa7xLvRvhqiIrXUM1XVzqNxBGXSV44L8rCLJJX8mPau31TKDKSYqASC6XUkifhpLgq5HRZztbncxxNBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T16:57:39.717104Z"},"content_sha256":"9a79bfc941e435ad9c7fe39b8d5032fbf91126bf098aef5dab56cfe32f738a8d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a79bfc941e435ad9c7fe39b8d5032fbf91126bf098aef5dab56cfe32f738a8d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T16:57:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:34UNMSICQZOLYQECRLQ5VTV3QG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8789382282a0143e899203e93c69b99384e02ff60663c9650c46e2a728889f61","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T22:08:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"3e74a3636bd6fd86657e20ef16c23aca0dfbca3075e32076fc21e6c96f8da53a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.07086","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.07086","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.07086v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.07086","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"34UNMSICQZOL","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"34UNMSICQZOLYQEC","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"34UNMSIC","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9a79bfc941e435ad9c7fe39b8d5032fbf91126bf098aef5dab56cfe32f738a8d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.07086/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The classification performance of deep neural networks has begun to asymptote at near-perfect levels. However, their ability to generalize outside the training set and their robustness to adversarial attacks have not. In this paper, we make progress on this problem by training with full label distributions that reflect human perceptual uncertainty. We first present a new benchmark dataset which we call CIFAR10H, containing a full distribution of human labels for each image of the CIFAR10 test set. We then show that, while contemporary classifiers fail to exhibit human-like uncertainty on their","authors_text":"Joshua C. Peterson, Olga Russakovsky, Ruairidh M. Battleday, Thomas L. Griffiths","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T22:08:22Z","title":"Human uncertainty makes classification more robust"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.07086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b27cb459dea6969af430939d43c2bc07b9b66aa87a952abe8d0676d5db69b182","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8789382282a0143e899203e93c69b99384e02ff60663c9650c46e2a728889f61","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2019-08-19T22:08:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"3e74a3636bd6fd86657e20ef16c23aca0dfbca3075e32076fc21e6c96f8da53a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.07086","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"df28d64902865cbc40828ae1dacebb81b90ad0cb5a20ddf882e7fd35d196a156","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"df28d64902865cbc40828ae1dacebb81b90ad0cb5a20ddf882e7fd35d196a156","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30.679460Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30.679460Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4IwASuYc+cTRZfJgUBBdAvmlAK2LSHwQZci3KFgQBqBDYbLXnBJ+dCmvV2jGMNO+iEPlNZtsfbrxhH0uv0xJAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:58:30.679857Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.07086","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b27cb459dea6969af430939d43c2bc07b9b66aa87a952abe8d0676d5db69b182","sha256:9a79bfc941e435ad9c7fe39b8d5032fbf91126bf098aef5dab56cfe32f738a8d"],"state_sha256":"501feed264bf897d6e6a555584b3b0dc2f031e0162e044d9df781f7cc23441b9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gaovmZ7xANp/apuWC5hjVvfuVIfUGyAzDv30TEqV2cSv2OnQVIXTuKoqGLxJccx1ddfzBI9E/LMcUcHMl+GSCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T16:57:39.722721Z","bundle_sha256":"5de681cb65f00c733a7bf8fcb50ac57dce19b2a0715bc2006df6dd62ee021376"}}