{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2","short_pith_number":"pith:353LO57A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.2361","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.atom-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-09T21:36:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5927da14ff77342c703bb7efa0253c4291a17144a4f4b3094e47cfd3956fed8f","abstract_canon_sha256":"ee0b4b82d4c1d607fad65aaa9f00e2db8d1105a1e5b445e5b192d0e55d259258"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df76b777e01b556b68dfaa73060f4076931c1abe0a2d50ff2664f53f24f94943","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.2361","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.2361","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.2361v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.2361","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"353LO57ADNKW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"353LO57ADNKWW2G7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"353LO57A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.2361","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.atom-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-09T21:36:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5927da14ff77342c703bb7efa0253c4291a17144a4f4b3094e47cfd3956fed8f","abstract_canon_sha256":"ee0b4b82d4c1d607fad65aaa9f00e2db8d1105a1e5b445e5b192d0e55d259258"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df76b777e01b556b68dfaa73060f4076931c1abe0a2d50ff2664f53f24f94943","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32.526465Z","signature_b64":"BxtKQxU5Om7b7tV3+XtWYBRPfSPaXomV58pmU3dr0+XVWGGiphKugg23bt6TbvQprCRnG0mN4LOFDOFSNzrlDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"df76b777e01b556b68dfaa73060f4076931c1abe0a2d50ff2664f53f24f94943","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32.525996Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32.525996Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.2361","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MBE3t8I856e/Gbw7zTZGWPZNCWMw0Ug6y0DdPDwVKXlmBqDq2L0AdZKyUEQK35g/XVMygh+qVTFx8jtVmob4CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T13:40:08.335531Z"},"content_sha256":"7f68e8838cfefbf254901908e2bc689e655a75b5623a888480c159516f7dda06","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7f68e8838cfefbf254901908e2bc689e655a75b5623a888480c159516f7dda06"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Enhancing Light-Atom Interactions via Atomic Bunching","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.atom-ph","authors_text":"Bonnie L. Schmittberger, Daniel J. Gauthier","submitted_at":"2014-05-09T21:36:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"There is a broad interest in enhancing the strength of light-atom interactions to the point where injecting a single photon induces a nonlinear material response. Here, we show theoretically that sub-Doppler-cooled, two-level atoms that are spatially organized by weak optical fields give rise to a nonlinear material response that is greatly enhanced beyond that attainable in a homogeneous gas. Specifically, in the regime where the intensity of the applied optical fields is much less than the off-resonant saturation intensity, we show that the third-order nonlinear susceptibility scales inverse"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.2361","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XTbIKE7PGthnRI+1GK4UoOvQ3f62Zev1sUhxfRRO8798n26Zob7z3828MN2enLv940tPlMts0hGaynIKgwawBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T13:40:08.336236Z"},"content_sha256":"269e386ccbe0f126d0acd86b951b167eee8b4853e41a8111721c15e824f540a3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:269e386ccbe0f126d0acd86b951b167eee8b4853e41a8111721c15e824f540a3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T13:40:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:353LO57ADNKWW2G7VJZQMD2AO2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ee0b4b82d4c1d607fad65aaa9f00e2db8d1105a1e5b445e5b192d0e55d259258","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.atom-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-09T21:36:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"5927da14ff77342c703bb7efa0253c4291a17144a4f4b3094e47cfd3956fed8f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.2361","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.2361","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.2361v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.2361","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"353LO57ADNKW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"353LO57ADNKWW2G7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"353LO57A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:269e386ccbe0f126d0acd86b951b167eee8b4853e41a8111721c15e824f540a3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"There is a broad interest in enhancing the strength of light-atom interactions to the point where injecting a single photon induces a nonlinear material response. Here, we show theoretically that sub-Doppler-cooled, two-level atoms that are spatially organized by weak optical fields give rise to a nonlinear material response that is greatly enhanced beyond that attainable in a homogeneous gas. Specifically, in the regime where the intensity of the applied optical fields is much less than the off-resonant saturation intensity, we show that the third-order nonlinear susceptibility scales inverse","authors_text":"Bonnie L. Schmittberger, Daniel J. Gauthier","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.atom-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-09T21:36:35Z","title":"Enhancing Light-Atom Interactions via Atomic Bunching"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.2361","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7f68e8838cfefbf254901908e2bc689e655a75b5623a888480c159516f7dda06","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ee0b4b82d4c1d607fad65aaa9f00e2db8d1105a1e5b445e5b192d0e55d259258","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.atom-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-09T21:36:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"5927da14ff77342c703bb7efa0253c4291a17144a4f4b3094e47cfd3956fed8f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.2361","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"df76b777e01b556b68dfaa73060f4076931c1abe0a2d50ff2664f53f24f94943","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"df76b777e01b556b68dfaa73060f4076931c1abe0a2d50ff2664f53f24f94943","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32.525996Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32.525996Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BxtKQxU5Om7b7tV3+XtWYBRPfSPaXomV58pmU3dr0+XVWGGiphKugg23bt6TbvQprCRnG0mN4LOFDOFSNzrlDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:32.526465Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.2361","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7f68e8838cfefbf254901908e2bc689e655a75b5623a888480c159516f7dda06","sha256:269e386ccbe0f126d0acd86b951b167eee8b4853e41a8111721c15e824f540a3"],"state_sha256":"a62723e8090f194b1fa7f7c965887a0c85239514670d5d80400d77cd077e3eef"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4prk/MfuYHudTr6q8l5DHGoVMGjlcvRPzvJ1pVs6zQ8tNu2SCMtg3CnbQ3LkvXbls/tzMig6JhCu3pGno57eAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T13:40:08.340173Z","bundle_sha256":"e559466b6e8be9f532862ba288f8a182bb810163bada0e3808c2823ca4038539"}}