{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF","short_pith_number":"pith:35UL2GF2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.4012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2011-11-17T02:48:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"23c2b62b666b63db50af373fd45752e8a61e34320861acf1f4ddac31cc3adaaf","abstract_canon_sha256":"19f38f068819f6375e541185ac0b7b4876e576de618e3841d127b45d96b14d15"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df68bd18ba67bfe9e368b5d90d2a5081693c5a8af4f7290628c091eb661f7db5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1111.4012","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.4012","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.4012v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.4012","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"35UL2GF2M676","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"35UL2GF2M676TY3I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"35UL2GF2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.4012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2011-11-17T02:48:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"23c2b62b666b63db50af373fd45752e8a61e34320861acf1f4ddac31cc3adaaf","abstract_canon_sha256":"19f38f068819f6375e541185ac0b7b4876e576de618e3841d127b45d96b14d15"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"df68bd18ba67bfe9e368b5d90d2a5081693c5a8af4f7290628c091eb661f7db5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31.841743Z","signature_b64":"pT5VAfMDav2jXr11uLSWRQSWPyHPqG+YtvbZVX4M+7qOjfzvyWvE4EvxIxMcM7wYz3E8sKUpfXGxFNw9kUFnCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"df68bd18ba67bfe9e368b5d90d2a5081693c5a8af4f7290628c091eb661f7db5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31.841231Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31.841231Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1111.4012","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4qAKxJmU0HqgxDPHb+Ck90Z/Zeb+2d1DQ+QCPnGbtTRoQsfSAuOGpwEswmcjHO3li4N6lHnK0adhy1ZnZTBFDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T13:20:23.974527Z"},"content_sha256":"ec559a815934dea4d600abcda158b1cb182b61c6515233c7a2bcabedb9f47681","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ec559a815934dea4d600abcda158b1cb182b61c6515233c7a2bcabedb9f47681"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Versatile Wideband Balanced Detector for Quantum Optical Homodyne Tomography","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","authors_text":"A. I. Lvovsky, Andrew MacRae, E. Cairns, E. H. Huntington, Erick Barrios, Ranjeet Kumar","submitted_at":"2011-11-17T02:48:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a comprehensive theory and an easy to follow method for the design and construction of a wideband homodyne detector for time-domain quantum measurements. We show how one can evaluate the performance of a detector in a specific time-domain experiment based on electronic spectral characteristic of that detector. We then present and characterize a high-performance detector constructed using inexpensive, commercially available components such as low-noise high-speed operational amplifiers and high-bandwidth photodiodes. Our detector shows linear behavior up to a level of over 13 dB clea"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.4012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7Wz089ARZKHVyK21+OAl0m/7ZgVJRlCArmU1g6M5B9MT/brraCrLYsjKDgrfULfXWwEtPWb4jWVXYPmuWyHhCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T13:20:23.975202Z"},"content_sha256":"59adbc255872595bd4f0094e3620ad66432d3ee782c1f2bac13445989ae2c8f2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59adbc255872595bd4f0094e3620ad66432d3ee782c1f2bac13445989ae2c8f2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T13:20:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:35UL2GF2M676TY3IWXMQ2KSQQF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"19f38f068819f6375e541185ac0b7b4876e576de618e3841d127b45d96b14d15","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2011-11-17T02:48:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"23c2b62b666b63db50af373fd45752e8a61e34320861acf1f4ddac31cc3adaaf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.4012","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.4012","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.4012v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.4012","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"35UL2GF2M676","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"35UL2GF2M676TY3I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"35UL2GF2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:59adbc255872595bd4f0094e3620ad66432d3ee782c1f2bac13445989ae2c8f2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a comprehensive theory and an easy to follow method for the design and construction of a wideband homodyne detector for time-domain quantum measurements. We show how one can evaluate the performance of a detector in a specific time-domain experiment based on electronic spectral characteristic of that detector. We then present and characterize a high-performance detector constructed using inexpensive, commercially available components such as low-noise high-speed operational amplifiers and high-bandwidth photodiodes. Our detector shows linear behavior up to a level of over 13 dB clea","authors_text":"A. I. Lvovsky, Andrew MacRae, E. Cairns, E. H. Huntington, Erick Barrios, Ranjeet Kumar","cross_cats":["quant-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2011-11-17T02:48:58Z","title":"Versatile Wideband Balanced Detector for Quantum Optical Homodyne Tomography"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.4012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ec559a815934dea4d600abcda158b1cb182b61c6515233c7a2bcabedb9f47681","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"19f38f068819f6375e541185ac0b7b4876e576de618e3841d127b45d96b14d15","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2011-11-17T02:48:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"23c2b62b666b63db50af373fd45752e8a61e34320861acf1f4ddac31cc3adaaf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.4012","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"df68bd18ba67bfe9e368b5d90d2a5081693c5a8af4f7290628c091eb661f7db5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"df68bd18ba67bfe9e368b5d90d2a5081693c5a8af4f7290628c091eb661f7db5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31.841231Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31.841231Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pT5VAfMDav2jXr11uLSWRQSWPyHPqG+YtvbZVX4M+7qOjfzvyWvE4EvxIxMcM7wYz3E8sKUpfXGxFNw9kUFnCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:59:31.841743Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1111.4012","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ec559a815934dea4d600abcda158b1cb182b61c6515233c7a2bcabedb9f47681","sha256:59adbc255872595bd4f0094e3620ad66432d3ee782c1f2bac13445989ae2c8f2"],"state_sha256":"1ff0fff2de03417d4dedcf480cece58dcd398584fad6ea80f22febd28c094875"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0Ngq/mabt/Z6H/hLrn084owE0TNqsZ0HkXmzVOZfmyUbbwBwXPjMX6q9KqGdKML24AI2JUqTnT3MtI+L1XX5CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T13:20:23.978657Z","bundle_sha256":"18d97a84fee90882685196b547e8c5104ee801c37c314ddb378f40aa2b1a11d4"}}