{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX","short_pith_number":"pith:36ZQ3423","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.18243","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T11:16:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b54f6217c3df95cf2aecdb706102a2e26103913fb02e3c57ff84a905ccd5ae84","abstract_canon_sha256":"4b35ad2dbffdd1603aef1ce1223c9807948f4cba9e66f2368492acbde7e981c7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dfb30df35b1e83178c25640b45af1c0de01944bad7b5a800419741b7bad5c1d5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2402.18243","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.18243","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.18243v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.18243","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"36ZQ3423D2BR","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"36ZQ3423D2BRPDBF","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"36ZQ3423","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.18243","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T11:16:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b54f6217c3df95cf2aecdb706102a2e26103913fb02e3c57ff84a905ccd5ae84","abstract_canon_sha256":"4b35ad2dbffdd1603aef1ce1223c9807948f4cba9e66f2368492acbde7e981c7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dfb30df35b1e83178c25640b45af1c0de01944bad7b5a800419741b7bad5c1d5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07.608258Z","signature_b64":"B5M1di6og70fZVCrgwI2c/U7gMWU4kAHF2Z6BfFbcMHOjUp3gwbpdtyaz4u1GsK7DkjjDUA+HuUAhsGMD/8HDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dfb30df35b1e83178c25640b45af1c0de01944bad7b5a800419741b7bad5c1d5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07.607747Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07.607747Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2402.18243","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZTp/gV7Kr795U0ZPFu8a68cdJK4nsMJShycLydtnIs4vLftZ9kfROvDs4eEnHV9OiIDE0g39qz0JJpvag9I7Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T13:25:10.231325Z"},"content_sha256":"c35dbb8af9248a1315daa3aa295bf90220c0001d69d92aeca5ca042cd0ebe740","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c35dbb8af9248a1315daa3aa295bf90220c0001d69d92aeca5ca042cd0ebe740"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Learning or Self-aligning? Rethinking Instruction Fine-tuning","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Boxi Cao, Cao Liu, Guanglu Wan, Hongyu Lin, Ke Zeng, Le Sun, Mengjie Ren, Xianpei Han, Xunliang Cai","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T11:16:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Instruction Fine-tuning~(IFT) is a critical phase in building large language models~(LLMs). Previous works mainly focus on the IFT's role in the transfer of behavioral norms and the learning of additional world knowledge. However, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IFT remains significantly limited. In this paper, we design a knowledge intervention framework to decouple the potential underlying factors of IFT, thereby enabling individual analysis of different factors. Surprisingly, our experiments reveal that attempting to learn additional world knowledge through IFT often strug"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.18243","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2402.18243/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9437/EIVr5bMB3fV2JF5zhiWArPduZa00pvIJSAZWZ3nRzqFdGfJnmVB+uSDFc6qy0kIWhGCh6lyPyw5G2hRCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T13:25:10.232235Z"},"content_sha256":"594c5b52aba73e2e36cecc517e07a4dd85d210b2e96b92cc1a7c852ccd9aa6a7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:594c5b52aba73e2e36cecc517e07a4dd85d210b2e96b92cc1a7c852ccd9aa6a7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T13:25:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:36ZQ3423D2BRPDBFMQFULLY4BX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4b35ad2dbffdd1603aef1ce1223c9807948f4cba9e66f2368492acbde7e981c7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T11:16:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"b54f6217c3df95cf2aecdb706102a2e26103913fb02e3c57ff84a905ccd5ae84"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.18243","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.18243","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.18243v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.18243","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"36ZQ3423D2BR","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"36ZQ3423D2BRPDBF","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"36ZQ3423","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:594c5b52aba73e2e36cecc517e07a4dd85d210b2e96b92cc1a7c852ccd9aa6a7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2402.18243/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Instruction Fine-tuning~(IFT) is a critical phase in building large language models~(LLMs). Previous works mainly focus on the IFT's role in the transfer of behavioral norms and the learning of additional world knowledge. However, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IFT remains significantly limited. In this paper, we design a knowledge intervention framework to decouple the potential underlying factors of IFT, thereby enabling individual analysis of different factors. Surprisingly, our experiments reveal that attempting to learn additional world knowledge through IFT often strug","authors_text":"Boxi Cao, Cao Liu, Guanglu Wan, Hongyu Lin, Ke Zeng, Le Sun, Mengjie Ren, Xianpei Han, Xunliang Cai","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T11:16:00Z","title":"Learning or Self-aligning? Rethinking Instruction Fine-tuning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.18243","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c35dbb8af9248a1315daa3aa295bf90220c0001d69d92aeca5ca042cd0ebe740","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4b35ad2dbffdd1603aef1ce1223c9807948f4cba9e66f2368492acbde7e981c7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-02-28T11:16:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"b54f6217c3df95cf2aecdb706102a2e26103913fb02e3c57ff84a905ccd5ae84"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.18243","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"dfb30df35b1e83178c25640b45af1c0de01944bad7b5a800419741b7bad5c1d5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"dfb30df35b1e83178c25640b45af1c0de01944bad7b5a800419741b7bad5c1d5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07.607747Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07.607747Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B5M1di6og70fZVCrgwI2c/U7gMWU4kAHF2Z6BfFbcMHOjUp3gwbpdtyaz4u1GsK7DkjjDUA+HuUAhsGMD/8HDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:07.608258Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2402.18243","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c35dbb8af9248a1315daa3aa295bf90220c0001d69d92aeca5ca042cd0ebe740","sha256:594c5b52aba73e2e36cecc517e07a4dd85d210b2e96b92cc1a7c852ccd9aa6a7"],"state_sha256":"4e4c8e2c0341281c1b41a7896c639379397cffd78d34b9daaac786dc97cd608c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Q5aIORLla1I5pC8WKa3/UlINdj3j6JP1eHaIOZKIYxFgspVyf4+PwVfrLUEonPiSl/EdRZk/HJ4QXYWs28C+Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T13:25:10.249546Z","bundle_sha256":"ddf3294aaa18b9a66f7bc7feea260a96bb576dc69e523fffb595049134f411e7"}}