{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3","short_pith_number":"pith:37NJBYPG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2509.03123","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-09-03T08:22:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"29d7c97b8daa32ece6162e8fcd0664302da85c784db622a458b46257360c32a6","abstract_canon_sha256":"74b029a147f67067f65b5d72b2ee9981d079da85b55eebaca9c0887d11365c21"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dfda90e1e67436480481da3c45799656dba87529f972c00901b750c8eb7cbde3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2509.03123","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2509.03123","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2509.03123v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2509.03123","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"37NJBYPGOQ3E","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"37NJBYPG","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2509.03123","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-09-03T08:22:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"29d7c97b8daa32ece6162e8fcd0664302da85c784db622a458b46257360c32a6","abstract_canon_sha256":"74b029a147f67067f65b5d72b2ee9981d079da85b55eebaca9c0887d11365c21"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dfda90e1e67436480481da3c45799656dba87529f972c00901b750c8eb7cbde3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23.852129Z","signature_b64":"4BipwKgdNDer/gDP5Wm8t7wPOugN/LX1GR7Z2e1JYiozmzdyLUJeldeYHmowMBU8iYXvhCu8L5G21XkJYC6ICQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dfda90e1e67436480481da3c45799656dba87529f972c00901b750c8eb7cbde3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23.851648Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23.851648Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2509.03123","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IFksHZdcdvEQOJdBd8WQ0XUmlB6So7qv8/d+MoT3qWvcuIXhtUC+Z8wtk12pWNSh29ovzQM7NrbSeVclMB+PCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T12:31:56.934526Z"},"content_sha256":"fee2692acfa20443a23acf1433e7aa89935aaddd350c9894bfe601e7a541f6ee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fee2692acfa20443a23acf1433e7aa89935aaddd350c9894bfe601e7a541f6ee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Kangaroo: A Private and Amortized Inference Framework over WAN for Large-Scale Decision Tree Evaluation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Dengguo Feng, Hao Yuan, Hui Li, Hui Zhu, Ning Sun, Song Bian, Wei Xu, Yandong Zheng","submitted_at":"2025-09-03T08:22:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"With the rapid adoption of Models-as-a-Service, concerns about data and model privacy have become increasingly critical. To solve these problems, various privacy-preserving inference schemes have been proposed. In particular, due to the efficiency and interpretability of decision trees, private decision tree evaluation (PDTE) has garnered significant attention. However, existing PDTE schemes suffer from significant limitations: their communication and computation costs scale with the number of trees, the number of nodes, or the tree depth, which makes them inefficient for large-scale models, e"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2509.03123","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2509.03123/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CPHkNH7aGtOCU3lBtXLkwkIbXmqFnqMp/q1dlmoGj8oynzViq9nsHNmaxEc+jmGBW2ITIIQLnKXfZbHd7tFTDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T12:31:56.935135Z"},"content_sha256":"19c35a8f33a7be5ef75ccc590a2bbf6b40c14d1a391263c4cc50a9e483bc3844","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:19c35a8f33a7be5ef75ccc590a2bbf6b40c14d1a391263c4cc50a9e483bc3844"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T12:31:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB3I6EK6MWK3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74b029a147f67067f65b5d72b2ee9981d079da85b55eebaca9c0887d11365c21","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-09-03T08:22:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"29d7c97b8daa32ece6162e8fcd0664302da85c784db622a458b46257360c32a6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2509.03123","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2509.03123","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2509.03123v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2509.03123","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"37NJBYPGOQ3E","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"37NJBYPGOQ3EQBEB","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"37NJBYPG","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:19c35a8f33a7be5ef75ccc590a2bbf6b40c14d1a391263c4cc50a9e483bc3844","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2509.03123/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With the rapid adoption of Models-as-a-Service, concerns about data and model privacy have become increasingly critical. To solve these problems, various privacy-preserving inference schemes have been proposed. In particular, due to the efficiency and interpretability of decision trees, private decision tree evaluation (PDTE) has garnered significant attention. However, existing PDTE schemes suffer from significant limitations: their communication and computation costs scale with the number of trees, the number of nodes, or the tree depth, which makes them inefficient for large-scale models, e","authors_text":"Dengguo Feng, Hao Yuan, Hui Li, Hui Zhu, Ning Sun, Song Bian, Wei Xu, Yandong Zheng","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-09-03T08:22:20Z","title":"Kangaroo: A Private and Amortized Inference Framework over WAN for Large-Scale Decision Tree Evaluation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2509.03123","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fee2692acfa20443a23acf1433e7aa89935aaddd350c9894bfe601e7a541f6ee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74b029a147f67067f65b5d72b2ee9981d079da85b55eebaca9c0887d11365c21","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-09-03T08:22:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"29d7c97b8daa32ece6162e8fcd0664302da85c784db622a458b46257360c32a6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2509.03123","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"dfda90e1e67436480481da3c45799656dba87529f972c00901b750c8eb7cbde3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"dfda90e1e67436480481da3c45799656dba87529f972c00901b750c8eb7cbde3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23.851648Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23.851648Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4BipwKgdNDer/gDP5Wm8t7wPOugN/LX1GR7Z2e1JYiozmzdyLUJeldeYHmowMBU8iYXvhCu8L5G21XkJYC6ICQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T12:09:23.852129Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2509.03123","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fee2692acfa20443a23acf1433e7aa89935aaddd350c9894bfe601e7a541f6ee","sha256:19c35a8f33a7be5ef75ccc590a2bbf6b40c14d1a391263c4cc50a9e483bc3844"],"state_sha256":"6d5cc7eb289cf100af52b38ba6aa4e37e0fb3764d8ae51fcfd5fc5abf1081474"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RcumLZ8oCdr5fmCaNfFoAQnLcazwHVSHeridb10sdPh7136h+oM/crWZ/wnT/z1GPZMlWGj99XLsfEsRQuUSDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T12:31:56.939769Z","bundle_sha256":"c4713f52f54687762b62203bb374e03ef9db69549006d05ed53b9b521d12757e"}}