{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ","short_pith_number":"pith:3CRPGM3Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1611.09787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T18:57:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","gr-qc","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"918447b93d821421f04bccc75ca8fc9518caab3e2a9fbd10bbb70686d49d25f8","abstract_canon_sha256":"197e2806cbdc13088bc8ec6a9c547abd799ce8d91b6414eab927b86c927d3de6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d8a2f333786f2a99bfc8262e14f0325662e999900e81107240cef2f5faaa6412","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1611.09787","version":5},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1611.09787","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1611.09787v5","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1611.09787","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3CRPGM3YN4VJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3CRPGM3Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1611.09787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T18:57:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","gr-qc","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"918447b93d821421f04bccc75ca8fc9518caab3e2a9fbd10bbb70686d49d25f8","abstract_canon_sha256":"197e2806cbdc13088bc8ec6a9c547abd799ce8d91b6414eab927b86c927d3de6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d8a2f333786f2a99bfc8262e14f0325662e999900e81107240cef2f5faaa6412","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30.380006Z","signature_b64":"ZWHH9nkAQMUkY86AKqQKZq82RAb8JHX+xYzFtaTD6EScoBo6mOrFLOfD4SIn2Feiln4+fWZ4Ss2OAO5Gz+3YDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d8a2f333786f2a99bfc8262e14f0325662e999900e81107240cef2f5faaa6412","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30.379625Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30.379625Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1611.09787","source_version":5,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TSsVBYbhRBJtIq1kMP8Dw6TGJ4xwD9gMuY+ymBopFZIadLf3VwgrE+Wq+UJrbGhq9utvVgRVgD5GeW2HhJCLDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T09:54:32.829903Z"},"content_sha256":"3fff99db2baae759b0cfa4540b3a66a1eb4bc00600ab8928a6690dc0e1314132","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3fff99db2baae759b0cfa4540b3a66a1eb4bc00600ab8928a6690dc0e1314132"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large-Scale Galaxy Bias","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","gr-qc","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Donghui Jeong, Fabian Schmidt, Vincent Desjacques","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T18:57:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"This review presents a comprehensive overview of galaxy bias, that is, the statistical relation between the distribution of galaxies and matter. We focus on large scales where cosmic density fields are quasi-linear. On these scales, the clustering of galaxies can be described by a perturbative bias expansion, and the complicated physics of galaxy formation is absorbed by a finite set of coefficients of the expansion, called bias parameters. The review begins with a detailed derivation of this very important result, which forms the basis of the rigorous perturbative description of galaxy cluste"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.09787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EH0sBJsXZ9PEl34kYLZrgFulXnksN6pG9kdFpiRiulBFxiykxiSGvgQvViW2UNIjRLV3wVAWh84zWYmk/V8zDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T09:54:32.830640Z"},"content_sha256":"1ceaa0dde101cd112fb4ce1132747f83936be376759664631fab5654e45a1712","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1ceaa0dde101cd112fb4ce1132747f83936be376759664631fab5654e45a1712"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T09:54:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6IEYXBJ4BSKZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"197e2806cbdc13088bc8ec6a9c547abd799ce8d91b6414eab927b86c927d3de6","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","gr-qc","hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T18:57:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"918447b93d821421f04bccc75ca8fc9518caab3e2a9fbd10bbb70686d49d25f8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1611.09787","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1611.09787","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1611.09787v5","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1611.09787","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3CRPGM3YN4VJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3CRPGM3YN4VJTP6I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3CRPGM3Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1ceaa0dde101cd112fb4ce1132747f83936be376759664631fab5654e45a1712","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This review presents a comprehensive overview of galaxy bias, that is, the statistical relation between the distribution of galaxies and matter. We focus on large scales where cosmic density fields are quasi-linear. On these scales, the clustering of galaxies can be described by a perturbative bias expansion, and the complicated physics of galaxy formation is absorbed by a finite set of coefficients of the expansion, called bias parameters. The review begins with a detailed derivation of this very important result, which forms the basis of the rigorous perturbative description of galaxy cluste","authors_text":"Donghui Jeong, Fabian Schmidt, Vincent Desjacques","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","gr-qc","hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T18:57:56Z","title":"Large-Scale Galaxy Bias"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.09787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3fff99db2baae759b0cfa4540b3a66a1eb4bc00600ab8928a6690dc0e1314132","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"197e2806cbdc13088bc8ec6a9c547abd799ce8d91b6414eab927b86c927d3de6","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","gr-qc","hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-11-29T18:57:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"918447b93d821421f04bccc75ca8fc9518caab3e2a9fbd10bbb70686d49d25f8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1611.09787","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"canonical_sha256":"d8a2f333786f2a99bfc8262e14f0325662e999900e81107240cef2f5faaa6412","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d8a2f333786f2a99bfc8262e14f0325662e999900e81107240cef2f5faaa6412","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30.379625Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30.379625Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZWHH9nkAQMUkY86AKqQKZq82RAb8JHX+xYzFtaTD6EScoBo6mOrFLOfD4SIn2Feiln4+fWZ4Ss2OAO5Gz+3YDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:30.380006Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1611.09787","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":5}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3fff99db2baae759b0cfa4540b3a66a1eb4bc00600ab8928a6690dc0e1314132","sha256:1ceaa0dde101cd112fb4ce1132747f83936be376759664631fab5654e45a1712"],"state_sha256":"c635d715b0d1974e47fab996ebe0ff15f84b24bd1ad23391ed5a7ab34bc2cec3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wl/TLb5W5l1CXc0CEfAMuDGebnfoVQUc1N+7XObSL0NSqBJrkF3cup7gRXi/AA9o4OpPlw8HyGrStSVIH3w9AQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T09:54:32.835643Z","bundle_sha256":"f6f5835b01646bd8b95d5650cf3df7129f083285831e891bc61ea9c982e3f104"}}